趣味定语从句详解(奔跑吧兄弟).ppt

在英语的江湖中 有这么一群词的存在 他们神通广大 既能指代前文出现的名词或代词 又能在从句中充当一定成分 并起到连词的作用 若非用于正事 必将江湖大乱啊 他们到底是谁呢 大人 必须将此党拿下 严刑拷打 归我等所用 靠谱 who which that whom whose as when where why 9人已全数归案 剧终 欲知后事如何 敬请下回分析 定语从句 定义 被定语从句所修饰的词叫 先行词 用来修饰先行词的词叫 关系词 E g ThisisthebookthatIwant 在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 定语从句有时也可以修饰一个句子 定语从句的关系词 关系代词 关系副词 指人 指物 who 主语 宾语 whom 宾语 that 主语 宾语 whose 定语 that 主语 宾语 which 主语 宾语 whose 定语 ofwhichas 主语 宾语 where 地点状语 when 时间状语 why 原因状语 关系词 牢记这些词的功能 指代先行词在从句中充当成分起连词的作用 连连看 Herearethebooks Youarelookingforthem Haveyouseenthechildren Theyareplayingfootball Herearethebookswhich thatyouarelookingfor Haveyouseenthechildrenwho thatareplayingfootball Thisisthehero Weareproudofhim Canyoushowmethenovel Itscoverisred Thisistheherowho whom thatweareproudof Canyoushowmethenovelwhosecoverisred 分类 定语从句 限制性定语从句 先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语 如果去掉 主句的意义就不完整或失去意义 这种从句和主句的关系十分密切 写时不可用逗号分开 非限制性定语从句 从句与主句的关系不十分密切 只是对先行词作些附加的说明 如果去掉 主句的意义仍然很清楚 这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开 一般不用that 定语从句的分类 无逗号 可用that 有逗号 不可用that TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon 2 China whichwasfoundedin1949 isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful 3 Hismother wholoveshimverymuch isstrictwithhim 4 Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory 判断下列句子 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 定语从句三步法 三步法 1 1 Thisisthehouse theteacherwantedtobuy 2 Thisisthehouse afirebrokeoutlastyear 解 1 先将先行词thehouse还原到从句中Theteacherwantedtobuythehouse 句子完整 thehouse作buy的宾语 故填which或that 或省略 which that where inwhich 2 Thehouse还原到从句中Afirebrokeoutthehouselastyear 句子有误 brokeout是个不及物动词短语 故补缺加上in 句子才完整 而inthehouse在从句中作地点状语 故填关系副词where或inwhich 2 1 Wewillneverforgetthedays wespentinthefactory 2 wewillneverforgetthedays weworkedinthefactory which that when duringwhich 下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填where 时间名词就填when哦 技巧是 看从句缺什么成分 缺主语或宾语填关系代词 缺状语则填关系副词 which who that whom whose aswhere when why whichthataswhowhomwhosewherewhenwhy 指代 事 物 在从句中作主语或宾语 指代 人 在从句中作主语或宾语 指代 人 在从句中作宾语 指代先行词 在从句中作定语 指代先行词 在从句中作状语 Canyoumakesentencesbyyourself 奔跑吧 定语从句 Angelababy 中文名杨颖 1989年2月28日出生于上海 Angelababy whoseChinesenameisYangYin wasborninShanghaionFebruary28th1989 Baby正在敲打那些从洞里伸出来的人 Babyishittingthepeople whostickoutfromtheholes 李晨正在努力地吃一颗糖 糖用绳子绑着 LiChenistryingtoeatacandy which wastiedwithastring 李晨正在拉一辆木车 车上有5个人 LiChenisdraggingawoodenvehicle onwhich therearefivepeople 帽子是红色的那个女人是Baby 邓超和鹿晗在她旁边跳舞 TheladywhosehatisredisBaby besidewhomDengchaoandLuhanaredancing 一群人在一座房子前面摆pose 房子的颜色是棕色的 Agroupofpeopleareposinginfrontofahousewhosecolorisbrown 定语从句考点与难点归纳 1 that与which who2 对theway的考查3 介词 关系词 考点 难点 4 as的使用5 对where的考查6 综合考查 1 先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时 2 先行词是不定代词 或被every all few等数量形容词修饰时 3 当先行词既有人又有物时 4 先行词是oneof theone 或被theonly theright thevery修饰时 5 当主句已有which和who时 一 只用that 不用which的情况 用何关系词 Runningmanisthebestshow Ihaveeverwatched Thefirstcity theywenttowasHangzhou Thisisthethirdseason theyhavetakenpartin that that that 1 当先行词被最高级或者序数词修饰时 指物用that 不用which DenChaowillshowyousomething youneversawbefore Theyshouldbegratefulforeverthing theyhaveachieved Thereismuch interestsmeinthisshow WangZulanhandedoutallthekeys hehadfound Hehaslittleexperience canbeappliedtothisjob that that that that that 2 当先行词是something nothing few little等不定代词 或被few all little much等数量形容词修饰时 指物 用that 不用which Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthings hesawinthepassage Hecanclearlyrememberthepersonandthings henoticedduringthegame that that 3 当先行词既包括物又包括人时 用that Runningmanisoneoftheprograms Iamfondof Isthistheone youarelookingfor TheSafeRoomwastheonlyplace theywouldgoto Thisistheright veryenvelope theyhavebeenlookingforforalongtime that that that that 4 当先行词是oneof theone 或被theonly right very 正好 恰好 等修饰时 指物 用that 不用which Whoistheman iswalkingtothem Whichisthekey ismatchedtothelock that that 5 当疑问句里已有Who或Which时 关系代词用that 避免重复 1 在非限制性定语从句中ChenHeandEllaturnedouttobetheadoptedchildren whichastonishedalltheotherplayers 二 只用which 不用that的情况 2 在 介词 关系词 引导的定语从句中Theylookedcarefullyatthemirrorfromwhichtheycouldobtainsomeinformation Theymustpayattentiontotheinformationwithwhichtheycouldfindouttheadoptedchildren 三 先行词指人 只用who 不用that的情况 1 当先行词是everyone all those nobody等不定代词时 关系代词只用who2 在therebe句型中3 在非限制性定语从句中4 介词 关系代词 引导的定语从句中 只用whom 1 当先行词是everyone all those nobody等不定代词时 关系代词只用whoThosewhowanttogetoutoftheroommustworkoutthesum 算术题 onthepaper Anyonewhogaveawronganswerwouldbepunished Thisgameissuitableforsomeonewhohasstrongpower 2 在therebe句型中 Therewerethreemeninblackwhowouldteartheirnametags 名牌 duringthegame Therewasapersonwhohadbeensecretlyappointedasaspy 4 介词 关系代词 引导的定语从句中 只用whom HuangXiaomingistheluckymanwithwhomBabygotmarried 3 在非限制性定语从句中LiChenisacharmingman whoappealstomanyfans 1 Theway heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand 2 Theway heexplainedtouswasquitesimple that which 不填 that inwhich 不填 缺宾语 考点2 theway用做先行词 缺状语 填上合适的关系词并分析原因 2020 3 17 38 可编辑 做题技巧 theway做先行词时 先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语 缺少主语或宾语 主语宾语都不缺 引导词用that inwhich 不填 引导词用that which 不填 缺宾语时 高考链接 Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut hesaidit 04湖北 A thewayB inthewaythatC inthewayD thewaywhich 考点3 介词 关系词 1 06浙江 Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking thefirst Ireallyenjoyed A ofthatB ofwhichC thatD which 定语从句句首为介词时 后可接的关系词为 2 Thisisthehero Iamproud 3 Irecognizedtheboss mysisterwasworking inwhose ofwhom 介词 whom which whose 关系代词前介词的确定 1 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e g Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles 做题技巧 2 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配e g CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI mnotsure 3 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯e g 1949wastheyearinwhichtheP R C wasfounded 4 非限制性定与从句中 要表示先行词的一部分时 可用 数词 代词 of 关系代词 的结构e g Thereare50studentsinourclass two thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing 5 Whose从句可转换为 of 关系代词 型e g Theyliveinahouse whosedooropenstothesouth Theylivedinahouse ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth Theylivedinahouse thedoorofwhichopenstothesouth 练 1 Thereare20studentsinthisclass aredifferent A whosebackgroundsB thebackgroundsofwhomC ofwhomthebackgroundsD alloftheabove2 Ihavemanyfriends somearebusinessmen A OfthemB fromwhichC whoofD ofwhom 3 isknowntoall heisthebeststudent 4 Jimpassedthedrivingtest surprisedeverybodyintheoffice As which 难点一 as的用法 1 Itissuchabigstone nobodycanlift 2 Itissuchabigstone nobodycanliftit as that 归纳 as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such thesame so as修饰 即构成such as thesame as so as 结构 做题时容易忽略 as在定语从句中应充当成分如 主语 宾语或表语 as与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容 但定语从句位于句首时 只能用as 意为 正如 恰如 as that which 模拟训练 1 Heissuchalazyman nobodywantstoworkwith 04模拟训练 A as himB that C as D whom him2 Mrs Blacktookthepolicebackto place shewitnessedtherobbery A thesame asB thesame whereC thesame thatD asthesame as 1 I vecometothepointwhereIcan tstandhim 2 Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了 国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中 where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词 但也有特殊情况 解析 如果定语从句分别修饰point situation part condition和case等表示抽象意义的词 常用where引导 意思是 到了某种地步 在某种境况中 难点二 一些特殊词之后的where 1 Wearetryingtoreachapoint bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk 06山东 A whichB thatC whereD when2 Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself Yes there sonepoint wemustinsiston 06江西 A whyB whereC howD 做题要灵活 要分析句子成分 选择恰当的关系词 模拟训练 where that1 Thisisthelibrary Iborrowedthebook 2 Itisfromthislibrary Iborrowedthebook where 定语从句 that 强调句型 综合考查一 定语从句与强调句 3 WheredidyoulastseeMr Smith Itwasinthehotel Ilived A thatB whichC whereD when 近年来 高考对定语从句和其它从句如 强调句 名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多 这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力 难点三 综合考查 综合考查二 定语从句与同位语从句 1 Weallhaveheardthenews ourteamwon 2 Wedon tbelievethenews hetoldusyesterday that that which 综合考查三 定语从句与表语从句 1 Theplace thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe thecross rivertrafficistheheaviest 05江苏 A which whereB atwhich whichC atwhich whereD which inwhich 5 that which 表语从句 定语从句 同位语从句 定语从句 关系副词的用法 1 定语从句中关系副词有 when where why2 关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份 关系副词在定语从句中都作状语 when作时间状语 where作地点状语 why作原因状语 TodayisMarch 12th onwhichpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees Itisabasketballcourt onwhichwecanplaybasketballindoors Thatisthereason forwhichsheaskedforaleave 观察下列3个句子 onwhich 在从句中作时间状语 可直接用关系副词when when onwhich 在从句中作地点状语 可直接用关系副词where where forwhich 在从句中作原因状语 可直接用关系副词why why HerememberedthedaywhenIarrivedinthisbigcity IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime when作时间状语 意为ontheday where作地点状语 意为intheplace why作原因状语 意为forthereason Detailedexplanation when指时间 在从句中作时间状语 它的先行词为time day morning night week year moment period age等 亦可用 介词 which 替代 例 IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingscanbedoneoncomputer 我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间 我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑做的时代 where指地点 在从句中作地点状语 它的先行词通常为place spot street house room city town country等 亦可用 介词 which 替代 例 你能告诉我他工作的公司吗 请把书放在容易找到的地方 Canyoutellmethecompanywhereheworks Keepthebooksinaplacewhereyoucanfindthemeasily why指原因或理由 它的先行词只有reason 在定语从句中作原因状语 亦可用 介词for which 替代 例 你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗 他犯法了 这就是他坐牢的原因 Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn tcometohisbirthdayparty Hebrokethelaw Thatisthereasonwhyhewasputintoprison 完成句子 1 我一直都记得我来学校的第一天 Ialwaysrememberthefirstday 2 从他出国的那年起 我就再也没见过他 Ihaven tseenhimsincetheyear 3 1949年是新中国成立的那一年 1949istheyear whenIcameto school whenhewent abroad whenChinawasfounded 4 明天我要回去我的出生的故乡 Iwillgobacktothehometown 5 我爸爸上班的公司离这特别远 Thecompany isfarfromhere 6 这就是我们吃午餐的那家餐馆 Thisistherestaurant whereIwas born wheremyfatherworks wherewehadourlunch 5 我没有告诉她我为什么害怕的原因 Ididn ttellherthereason 6 我真的不知道他又迟到的原因 Ireallydon tknowthereason whyIamafraid whyhe waslateagain 3 并非先行词是表示时间 地点和原因的名词时都用when where why 若先行词在定语从句中作主 宾语 用which that若是作状语 才用where when why 试比较 Iwillneverforgetthedays Ispentwithmygrandmotherinthecountryside Iwillneverforgetthedays Ispentmysummerholidayinthecountryside when spend是vt 从句缺宾语 先行词放回从句作宾语 应用关系代词which that 虽然横线前后都是完整的句子 但明显有内在关系 thedays放回后面的句子做时间状语 所以找关系副词when 既能指代前面先行词在从句中作状语 又能起到连词的作用 which that 试比较 Putthebookbacktothedesk otherscaneasilyfindit Putthebookbacktothedesk Johnmovedin where which that 先行词在从句中作地点状语 先行词在从句中作moved的宾语 再比较 Nobodybelievedthereason heputforwardinthemeeting Thereason hedidn twanttoattendthemeetingisstillunknown which that 先行词thereason在从句中作putforward的宾语 why 先行词thereason在从句中作状语 Weshouldgototheplace wearemostneeded Weshouldgototheplace needsusmost A itB whereC thatD what B C 3 ItwasOctober wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime 4 ItwasinOctober wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime A thatB whichC whenD while C A 对比训练 5 Heissuchagoodteacher wealllikehim 6 Heissuchagoodteacher wealllike A whomB thatC asD which B C 7 Thenewscame theBritishQueen smothercelebratedher101thbirthdayingoodhealth isn tsurprising becauseshelivesaneasylifeandgetsthebestmedicalcare A that whichB which whichC that thatD when as 05模拟训练 由Who引导的定语从句 在句中做主语 宾语 1 Doyouknowtheman istalkingwithyourfather A whoseB whoC which2 Theboys theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne A whenB whichC who3 Those wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning A whoB whichC whom 选择题 4 Thegentleman youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief A whoB aboutwhomC whom5 Thedoctor youarelookingforisintheroom A whomB whatC which6 Theteacherfor youarewaitinghascome A whoB whomC that 由Whom引导的定语从句 在句中做宾语 7 Achild parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan A whichB hisC whose8 Thisbookisforthestudents native 本国的 languageisnotEnglish A thatB ofwhomC whose9 Theboy compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup A whoB whoseC that 由Who