英语现在完成时.doc

英语现在完成时一 基本结构have(has) + been + done(动词的现在分词)否定句式 have(has) + not + been + done(动词的现在分词)疑问句式have（has）放在句首二 用法1. 过去发生的动作对现在有影响I have seen the film ,so I know what the story says.2. 过去发生的动作持续到现在（还有可能继续发生）The film has been on for 5 minutes.三 延续性动词1. 现在完成时中应使用延续性动词2. 非延续性动词：动作开始既（即）结束3. 非延续性动词过渡到延续性动词常见:四标志1. already ,yet, never ,ever ,just ,before ,once/twice/数字+times(1) already, yetalready:用于肯定句，疑问句中，表示“已经”或表示强调He has already left here.Has he already left here.yet：用于否定句中，疑问句中，表示“还没”或“已经”My teacher hasnt had breakfast yet.Have you written to your parents yet?(2) never ,ever never:从来没有ever：曾经We have never been to the Great wall .Have you ever been to Canada?(3) just刚才I am just had breakfast.2. all the time总是 , during the last years在过去的几年里recently最近地=lately, by the end of (this month ,next year)in the past few years/month 在过去的间up to now直到现在3. for+段时间，since+点时间I have been here for 5 years.I have been here since 2000.I have been here since 5 years ago. since+段时间+agoI have been here since I graduated in 2000 .since+从句have/has gone to 去了没回来have/has been to 去了回来了have/has been in 在某地待多久for+段时间，since+点时间 用how long 提问四 固定句型1 Since句型。“since+一般过去时”Since从句中用非延续性动词或终止性动词表示肯定Since从句中用延续性动词表示否定It has only been four days since you went to Tokyo ,but it seems like its been four years.It has/is been 5 years since he began to smoke.2.this/it + was/is +（one of ）the most/best +形容词最高级+n.(pl.)+that +完成时This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.3.this/it + was/is +the first/second/其他序数词/last +time +that +现在完成时/过去完成时This is the first time