高三英语非谓语动词+新课标+人教版.ppt

非谓语动词不定式 分词 动名词 一 结构 一 不定式towritetobewrittentobewritingtohavewrittentohavebeenwrittentohavebeenwriting tobeasoldier tobesleeping Hepretendedtohavebeenthere tohavebeenworking Hedoesn tliketobelaughedat ThebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish 2 分词 writinghavingwrittenvt havingbeenwrittenbeingwrittenwrittenrisingvi havingrisenrisen 3 动名词 writinghavingwrittenbeingwrittenhavingbeenwrittenWeenjoywatchingTV Iregrethavingmissedthefilm Hecametoourpartywithoutbeinginvited 二 功能作用与区别 三 非谓语动词的否定形式 nottodonotdoingnotdone 四 各种成分区别如下 1 作主语Gettingupearlyisagoodhabit Lookingafterchildrenrequirespatience Itisharmfulforyoutosmokesomuch Torememberthesewordstodayisourtask Togototowntomorrowisnecessary Thereisnostoppinghim Itisnouse nogood uselesstalkingtohim 2 不定式 动名词作宾语 A 以下动词只跟不定式作宾语want wish hope expect pretend manage fail promise refuse learn dare agree demand care appear arrange attempt beg choose determine decide happen offer prepare seem help ask afford intend plan desire B 下列动词只跟动名词作宾语 a consider dislike escape miss finish imagine advise keep enjoy allow permit risk suggest forgive pardon excuse avoid appreciate admit stand forbid b objectto lookforwardto devote to getdownto be get usedto payattentionto leadto stickto inadditionto prefer to bebusydoing c 跟不定式 动名词意义区别不大begin start continue fear like hate love afford prefer d 特殊句型considerdoingconsidersb tobe asbeworthdoingbeworthyofbeingdonebeworthytobedoneItisworthwhiletodo doingsth D 跟不定式 动名词意义完全不同rememberdoing todoforgetdoing todoregretdoing todomeandoing todostopdoing todogoondoing todotrydoing todocan thelpdoing todocan thelp choosebutdo can tbutdocan tbetoowant need requiredoing tobedonewanttodo E 跟复合宾语用不定式 跟单一宾语用动名词advise permit allow forbid require admit considerWedon tallowsmokinghere Wedon tallowanyonetosmokehere 3 作表语的区别 1 不定式表示一次具体的动作 时间上表将来Ourjobistobuildthehouse 2 动名词表抽象 泛指 不受时间限制Myjobisteaching 3 现在分词表主动 相当于形容词Thenewsissurprising 4 过去分词表示被动 已完成Heismarried Mykeyislost Heisgone 注 有些 使 动词有两种形容词 ed ingHiswordssurprisedme Hiswordsmademesurprised Hiswordsweresurprising Iwassurprisedbyhiswords interest move astonish encourage discourage puzzle excite surprise trouble worry frighten delight disappoint please shock bore touch satisfy 4 作补语 1 ask tell invite allowsb todosth 2 see feel observe notice find watchlistentosb dosth sb doingsth sth done 3 have let makesb dohavesth donehavesb doing getsb doing 5 作定语 1 不定式表将来 后置Thementocomeismyteacher Themantobeinvitedisaprofessor 2 现在分词表主动sleepingboy boilingwater3 动名词表用途sleepingcar swimmingpool4 过去分词表被动writtenEnglish spokenEnglish 6 作状语 1 不定式作目的状语Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthebus Hegotupearlysoastocatchthebus Hegotupearlytocatchthebus To Inordertocatchthebus hegotupearly 2 作结果状语Heistooyoungtogotoschool Heissoyoungasnottogotoschool Heissuchayoungboyasnottogotoschool Hehurriedtothestation only tofindthetraingone Hisfatherdisappearedduringthewar nevertobeheardfrom 1 分词作时间状语Whenheheardthenews heburstintotears Whilehewasdoinghishomework hewaslisteningtotheradio Assoonashearrivedhome heturnedonTV Hearingthenews he Onhearing Doinghishomework hewas Whiledoing Arrivinghome he Onarriving 2 作条件状语IfIamgivenfiveminutes I llfinishit Ifyoustudyhard you llmakeprogress Givenfiveminutes I llfinishit Ifgivenfiveminutes I llfinishit Studyinghard you llmakeprogress Ifstudyinghard you llmakeprogress 3 作原因状语Becausehewasill hewasabsentfromschool Becausehehaslivedhereforalongtime heknowsthecitywell Beingill hewasabsentfromschool Havinglivedhereforalongtime heknowsthecitywell 4 作让步状语Thoughhewastired hewentonworking Iwon tgotothepartyevenifIaminvited Tired hewentonworking Thoughtired hewentonworking Iwon tgotothepartyevenifinvited 5 作伴随状语Hewassittingunderthetree andhewasreading Hewaslyinginbed andhewascoveredbyablanket Hewassittingunderthetree reading Hewaslyinginbed coveredbyablanket Doing和havingdone的区别 Notknowingwhattodo heturnedtohisfatherforhelp Havingfinishedhishomework hestoppedtohavearest afterfinishinghishomework hestoppedtohavearest done beingdone和havingbeendone的区别 Heated waterchangesintosteam Givenfiveminutes Icanfinishit Beingpainted thehouseisempty Havingbeendiscussedformanytimes theproblemwassolved Havingbeenshownaroundthelibrary weweretakentotheteachingbuilding 如果状语句子中的主语和主句的主语不一致 改为独立主格结构 保留从句中不一致的主语 也叫分词的复合结构 Hewaslyingthere coveredbyablanket Hewaslyingthere hisfacecoveredbyabook Therebeingnobuses wehadtowalkhome ItbeingSunday thelibrarywasclosed Timepermitting we llgotothezoo 不定式的复合结构 ItisimportantformetolearnEnglishwell Itispoliteofyoutodoso 动名词的复合结构 megoingthere mygoingthere HesuggestedTomgoingthere