名校自主招生英语考试---national-holidaysPPT课件.ppt

一 名校英语自主招生试题概况 北京大学 2010年题型 语法与词汇 20题 20分 阅读 3篇 15题 30分 文章选词填空 10个空 10个词 10分 翻译 5句中译英和5句英译中 各20分 试题特点 突出对词汇和语感的考察 要求考生平时积累大量的词汇 掌握5000多个词汇 达到大学四级水平 加大了翻译的比重 英语没有考作文 2020 3 18 1 2009年题型 一 20个单选 20分 四级难度 大多是辨析单词和短语 较多生词 二 阅读理解两篇 四级难度 每篇5个选择题 40分 第一篇是关于 idealbody 的 第二篇是关于 materialism 的 三 英译中3个句子 20分 中译英4个句子 20分 2020 3 18 2 2006年题型 一 20道选择 20分 二 2篇阅读 共10道题 40分 三 4题英译中 20分 其中一道题的大意为 我和妻子走在海滩边 看着女儿在沙滩上 海里嬉戏 棕色皮肤闪耀着光芒 忽然间我们听到背后传来一名种族主义者的咒骂声 这对于我就像战争上的炮声 另4题中译英 20分 其中几道题的大意为 警察一直在搜寻一个小偷 最后在他叔叔家里发现 火车都是要按时出发和达到 否则整个铁路服务就会陷入混乱 2020 3 18 3 一 名校英语自主招生试题概况 清华大学 2010年 五校联考 题型 完形填空 20个空 30分 选择句子插入式阅读 5题 15分 翻译 把一段话翻译成英文 和作文 在翻译的基础上写作150词 共55分 特点 四级难度 以阅读和写作能力为测试重点 时间较为充足 2020 3 18 4 2009年 中英综合英语部分占80分 题型 一 10个词汇题 给出一句话 将其中一个词划线 从A B C D中选出与划线词意思相近的词 10分 二 10个单项选择 高中大纲难度 10分 三 完型填空 20分 大意是第三世界孩子的生活与西方世界孩子的生活的比较 四 阅读 量很大 7篇 共20小题 每题两分 40分 五 中英文综合 25分 先将一段古文译成现代汉语 5分 再将其译为英文并做评论 20分 小说家者流 盖出于稗官 街谈巷语 道听途说者之所造也 孔子曰 虽小道 必有可观者焉 致远恐泥 是以君子弗为也 然亦弗灭也 闾里小知者之所及 亦使缀而不忘 如或一言可采 此亦刍荛狂夫之议也 2020 3 18 5 2008年题型 一 单选题 虚拟语态考得特多 连词otherwise lest等 二 完形填空 讲的是policyandbirthrate 三 阅读 四 作文是书信 你将面临填报志愿的问题 你对未来工作 人生长远规划都不确定 因此向清华大学的老师寻求帮助 请写一封电子邮件 字数100左右 注意拼写规范和语言得体 2020 3 18 6 一 名校英语自主招生试题概况 上海交通大学 2010年 五校联考 2006 2009年题型 阅读 词汇 完型 作文其最显著的特点是两篇作文 一小一大 占一半分数 且词汇越来越难 2020 3 18 7 一 名校英语自主招生试题概况 复旦大学复旦大学的自主招生考题由10个学科的200个选择题组成 共1000分 三个小时 英语共30题左右 最大特色是 面广量大 这和学校 通识教育 的办学特色有密切关系 答题可以采取先文后理的策略 英语试题题型自2006年以来较为固定 全部是选择题语法与词汇 完形填空 阅读 趋势 词汇要求越来越高 阅读篇幅加长 09 10就一篇文章 时间较为紧张 2020 3 18 8 课外知识题 考题中会有一道课外知识题 比如 06年的一道题 给出了1863年AbrahamLincoln所做的 葛底斯堡演说 的第一句话 问这是哪个国家的 Fourscoreandsevenyearsago ourfathersbroughtforthuponthiscontinentanewNation conceivedinLiberty anddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal fromGettysburgAddress Deliveredonthe19thDayofNovember 1863A AmericaB FranceC BritainD Germany 2020 3 18 9 AlllegislativePowersheroingrantedshallbevestedinaCongressoftheUnitedStates whichshallconsistofaSenateandHouseofRepresentatives TheexecutivePowershallbevestedinaPresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica ThejudicialpoweroftheUnitedStatesshallbevestedinoneSupremeCourt andinsuchinferiorcourtsastheCongressmayfromtimetotimeordainandestablish TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica 1787 Question theprincipleemphasizedabovewasoriginatedbyA LockeB DiderotC MontesquieuD Voltaire 2020 3 18 10 DeclarationofIndependence Weholdthesetruthstobeself evident thatallmenarecreatedequal thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertainunalienableRights thatamongtheseareLife Liberty andthepursuitofHappiness 2020 3 18 11 一 名校英语自主招生试题概况 中国人民大学201035道单选题 有不少生词 20道阅读选择题完形填空 没有选项 联系上下文填空 很多是介词 作文 给出一个有关中学生对音乐的喜好调查表 涉及到中学生对流行乐 民族乐 古典乐等音乐类型的比例 要求写120词 2020 3 18 12 一 名校英语自主招生试题概况 上海外国语大学 与六级考试难度相当 听力包括3篇文章和一道复合听写题 听力部分的语速较正常高考听力语速要快 材料均为VOA 上外的英语考试中不含语法题 但是有20道词汇题 词汇题中词汇量非常大 很多题目的四个单词选项都很陌生 基本没有考到词汇搭配运用 考生如果认识选项里的单词则做题很快 2020 3 18 13 阅读部分共有两篇文章 各包括10道题目 两篇文章的篇幅各占三面纸 从篇幅来讲 超过了大学英语六级 其中 一篇文章的内容涉及人文方面 另一篇文章内容则讲得是经济方面的内容 感觉较深 如果阅读能力不强的话 基本上 一篇文章看下来 已经感觉头晕了 题目部分出得比较细 作文的形式比较新 先听一段文章 播放两遍 然后让考生根据听力内容和提示写200字的作文 09年作文大意是讲美国和中国大学宿舍的各自特色 请考生做比较 10年是 你如何看待文理分科 上外的作文测试借鉴了新托福的题型 与听力考试结合起来 2020 3 18 14 翻译 英译中 中译英Weaccept therefore asconditionstowhichwemustaccommodateourselves greatinequalityofenvironment theconcentrationofbusiness industrialandcommercial inthehandsofafew Underthelawofcompetition theemployerofthousandsisforcedintothestrictesteconomies Thepricewhichsocietypaysforthelawisgreat buttheadvantagesofthislawarenolessgreater foritistothislawthatweoweourwonderfulmaterialdevelopment whichbringsimprovedconditions initstrain Whilethelawmaybesometimeshardfortheindividual itisbest becauseitinsuresthesurvivalofthefittestineverydepartment 2020 3 18 15 一 名校英语自主招生试题概况 同济大学英语试题比较接近大学英语四六级考试 强化听力阅读 淡化语法 听力部分是通过校内频率播放的 需自带广播来听 所有内容都只放了一遍 整张试卷所体现出的特点是偏重阅读的分析与理解 题型包括听力 4篇阅读理解 1篇选词填空 1篇完形填空 1篇根据首字母填空和1篇改错题 阅读与完形的文章不算很难 内容也是多方面的 整张试卷的难度在于最后的两题 即根据首字母填空与改错 2020 3 18 16 二 试题解析 语法 虚拟语气 非谓语动词 定语从句 连词用法等 2020 3 18 17 二 试题解析 2 词汇 近几年对词汇量的要求较高 超出四级 固定搭配 1 考短语中的介词 如beidentifiedwith befedupwith bewearyof restonone slaurels 2 实词的搭配使用 V N Adj N N N 如achieveone sgoal commitsuicide instantnoodle electricappliances integratedability paceoflife MandarinChinese duck 讲义 2020 3 18 18 二 试题解析 短语动词 对短语的考察多是一些动词短语 尤其是由一个动词构成的不同动词短语 如setout setabout setoff setup putaside putaway putdown putforward puton putoffputout 2020 3 18 19 二 试题解析 形近词 讲义 对形近词的考察有两种 一是拼写比较相似的词 如rise raise arise arouse altitude latitude dual duel 另一种是同一个词根加不同后缀构成的词 如sensitive sensible sensory economic economical considerate considerable 2020 3 18 20 二 试题解析 近义词近义词辨析如valid efficient effective appointment date question problem 2020 3 18 21 二 试题解析 生词这类题目就是考察学生的词汇量 要求背一些大学英语四 六级词汇 对词汇量要求越来越高也是英语自主招生考试的一个总体趋势 英语构词法netizen psywar词根词缀linguistics对阅读也相当重要 尤其是猜词义题 2020 3 18 22 三 选词填空 Directions Inthissection thereisapassagewithtenblanks Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce 1 wordclass2 collocation3 meaning 2020 3 18 23 Giftsareafundamentalelementofcultureandourlivesassocialcreatures AbarofchocolateonValentine sDay apinkcarnationonMother sDayorabottleofChardonnayforaparty thoughsmall can 1 awealthofmeaningaboutyourgratitudeand 2 aswellastheimportanceyouplaceuponthe 3 Thereareoccasionswhengivingagift 4 spokencommunication sincethemessageitofferscancutthroughbarriersoflanguageandculture 5 Combinetheactofgivingwithsomeknowledgeoftheculture andyouhavea n 6 chancetolaythefoundationsforadurablerelationship 2020 3 18 24 Forallcountries takeaccountofclimate Somepreservedtofucanberuinedby 7 hotorwetclimates possiblycausingthereceiverconsiderablepain Considertheproductsthatare 8 inthecountryconcernedandtrysomethinguncommonthere Thinkabouttheleveloflanguageskills AbookinEnglishmaybeatbestuselessandatworst 9 toapersonwithlimitedEnglish Informyourselfasmuchaspossibleaboutlocalcustoms rules and 10 thoseconnectedwithwrapping presenting superstitions 迷信 andtaboos 禁忌 2020 3 18 25 A relationshipB conveyC embarrassingD abundantE especiallyF exceedsG diversityH valuableI extremelyJ appreciation实词 2020 3 18 26 四 完形填空 词汇及用法 比重最大 形近词 近义词和搭配或惯用法 语法结构 代词 介词 冠词和从属连词 篇章理解 根据上下文的意思选词 注意信号词的作用 逻辑推理和生活常识 2020 3 18 27 Wemodern daywivesandmothersarebreathtakinglybusy We realreadyscramblingtospendqualitytimewithourkids we reguilt strickenabouthowlittletimeis45forourhusbands we redesperateforalittledowntimeforourselves Justhowarewesupposedtofindthetimetohavea46conversationwithanyoneoutsideourhomeoroffice 45 A leftoutB leftbehindC leftoverD leftfor46 A futileB magnificentC fertileD meaningful 2020 3 18 28 Supposedly cellphonesande mailsaretheanswer Theyallowusto47thosetinywindowsofopportunity the downtime weexperiencewhilewe rechauffeuringaroundourkids 48 orwaitingforaplaneoradoctor 9 47 A makefunofB makeuseofC makeupforD makedowith48 A forinstanceB forawhileC otherwiseD likewise 2020 3 18 29 Inmyexperience however realrelationshipsareneverbuiltand49sustainedontheseinfo bitexchanges That sbecausethepersonyou re50withisn tabletogiveyouherfull51 it shard ifnotimpossible tofeelheard 52understood 49 A randomlyB rarelyC frequentlyD usually50 A exchangingB contentC conversingD cooperating51 A respectB admirationC expressionD attention52 A letaloneB leftaloneC inadditionD inall 2020 3 18 30 Itfailstocomfortbecauseit snotnurturing kindofthewaypopcornfailstosatisfy 53youeatabucketful becauseit snotnourishing Worse it shardnottoactivelyresentsomeonewho54yourfullattentionwhenshe sofferingonlyhalfofhers Ihaveaneighborwhohasaheadsetmobilephone Theminuteshe sinhercarorotherwisemultitasking sheputsinacalltome 55myfamily sdinner summoningmeinfromthegarden wakingusonSaturdaymorningonherwaytosoccerpractice 53 A sinceB ifonlyC evenifD but54 A suppliesB catchesC drawsD demands55 A joiningB interruptingC consumingD continuing 2020 3 18 31 IfI velearnedanythinginmyharriedlife it sthatIwon tjustfindthetimeformyfriends Ihaveto56it 56 A learnB actC makeD do 2020 3 18 32 五 阅读选句 Inthefollowingarticle somesentencesorparagraphshavebeenremoved Forquestions1to5 choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps ThereisONEwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps 2020 3 18 33 阅读选择插入题1 某一段的首句往往是该段的主题句 2 某一段的结尾句往往是该段的总结 或有承上启下的作用 3 句与句之间 段落与段落之间都有较紧密的逻辑联系 建议考生在做该类型的试题时 利用信号词以及前后句的逻辑关系 尤其是某些重复的重要词 还可以根据空格的位置来判断是主题句 还是结尾句还是中间的承上启下句 同时利用the和代词的作用 2020 3 18 34 A Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficiently this afterall iswhatconquerorsandgeneralshavedone isnotbeingcivilized B AndIthinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors C Wehavegottothestageofkeepingtherulesandbehavingproperlyindailylife However everyyearconflictsbetweencountriesandnationsarestillclaimingthousandsoflives 2020 3 18 35 D Andnotonlyhaswon but becauseithaswon hasbeenintheright Forthatiswhatgoingtowarmeans itmeanssayingthatmightisright E Soyouseetherehasbeenlittletimetolearnin buttherewillbeoceansoftimeinwhichtolearnbetter F Scientistsreckonthattherehasbeenlifeofsomesortontheearthintheformofjellyfishandthatkindofcreatureforabouttwelvehundredmillionyears buttherehavebeenmenforonlyonemillionyears andtherehavebeencivilizedmenforabouteightthousandyearsattheoutside 2020 3 18 36 Mostofthepeoplewhoappearmostoftenandmostgloriouslyinthehistorybooksaregreatconquerorsandgenerals whereasthepeoplewhoreallyhelpedcivilizationforwardareoftennevermentionedatall Wedonotknowwhofirstsetabrokenleg orlaunchedaseagoingboat orcalculatedthelengthoftheyear butweknowallaboutthekillersanddestroyers Peoplethinkagreatdealofthem somuchsothatonallthehighestpillarsinthegreatcitiesoftheworldyouwillfindthefigureofaconquerororageneral 1 2020 3 18 37 Itisjustpossibletheyare buttheyarenotthemostcivilized Animalsfight sodosavages hencetobegoodatfightingistobegoodinthewayinwhichananimalorasavageisgood butitisnottobecivilized 2 Peoplefighttosettlequarrels Fightingmeanskilling andcivilizedpeoplesoughttobeabletofindsomewayofsettlingtheirdisputesotherthanbyseeingwhichsidecankilloffthegreaternumberoftheotherside andthensayingthatthatsidewhichhaskilledmosthaswon 3 2020 3 18 38 Thatiswhatthestoryofmankindhasonthewholebeenlike Evenourownagehasfoughtthetwogreatestwarsinhistory inwhichmillionsofpeoplewerekilled Andwhiletodayitistruethatpeopledonotfightandkilleachotherinthestreets nationsandcountrieshavenotlearnttodothisyet andstillbehavelikesavages Butwemustnotexpecttoomuch Afterall theraceofmenhasonlyjuststarted Fromthepointofviewofevolution humanbeingsareveryyoungchildrenindeed babies infact ofafewmonthsold 4 Thesefiguresaredifficulttograsp soletusscalethemdown Supposethatwereckonthewholepastoflivingcreaturesontheearthasonehundredyears thenthewholepastofmanworksoutataboutonemonth andduringthatmonththerehavebeencivilizationsforbetweensevenandeighthours 2020 3 18 39 5 Takingman scivilizedpastataboutsevenoreighthours wemayestimatehisfutureataboutonehundredthousandyears Thusmankindisonlyatthebeginningofitscivilizedlife andasIsay wemustnotexpecttoomuch Thepastofmanhasbeenonthewholeaprettybeastlybusiness abusinessoffightingandkilling Wemustnotexpectevencivilizedpeoplesnottohavedonethesethings Allwecanaskisthattheywillsometimeshavedonesomethingelse 2020 3 18 40 A Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareknown B Nevertheless weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils Fromthemwecantelltheirsizeandshape howtheywalked thekindoffoodtheyate C About75millionyearsagotheAgeofReptileswasoverandmostofthegroupsdiedout Themammalsquicklydeveloped andwecantracetheevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchastheelephantandhorse 2020 3 18 41 D Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks Remainsofanorganismmaybereplacedbyminerals dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression orsimplyreducedtoamorestableform E Thebodysegmentseachhadtwopairsoflegs onepairforwalkingonthesandybottom theotherforswimming Theheadwasakindofshieldwithapairofcompoundeyes oftenwiththousandsoflenses F Thusitfollowsthattheremustbemanykindsofmammals birds andinsectsofwhichweknownothing 2020 3 18 42 LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth therewerefishes reptiles birds insects andsomemammals Althoughsomeoftheseanimalswereancestorsofkindslivingtoday othersarenowextinct thatis theyhavenodescendantsalivenow 1 Veryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionofskin sothat apartfromcolor wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureofananimalthatdiedmillionsofyearsago Thatkindofrockinwhichtheremainsarefoundtellsusmuchaboutthenatureoftheoriginalland oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit andevenofitsclimate 2020 3 18 43 Whenananimaldies thebody itsbones orshell mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved Nearlyallofthefossilsthatweknowwerepreservedinrocksformedbywateraction andmostoftheseareofanimalsthatlivedinornearwater 2 2020 3 18 44 Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea Laterformaaremorecomplex andamongthesearethesea lilies relationsofthestar fishes whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed ortorocks Therewerealsocrablikecreatures whosebodieswerecoveredwithahornysubstance 3 Theywereusuallyaninchortwolongbutsomewere2feet 4 Ofthese theammonitesareveryinterestingandimportant Theyhaveashellcomposedofmanychambers eachrepresentingatemporaryhomeoftheanimal Astheyounggrewlargeritgrewanewchamberandsealedoffthepreviousone ThousandsofthesecanbeseenintherocksontheDorsetCoast 2020 3 18 45 Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes firstknownintherocksof375millionyearsago About300millionyearsagotheamphibians theanimalsabletolivebothonlandandinwater appeared Theyweregiant sometimes8feetlong andmanyofthemlivedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam orlayer orformed Theamphibiansgaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland inthesea andintheair 5 Manyofthelatermammalsthoughnowextinct wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincavepaintingsandonbonecarvings 2020 3 18 46 ThehundredsoflakesstuddingtheAdirondacklandscapeappeartomostpeopleasscenicbreaksintheforestcover tubsfullofgamefish orarenasfortestingtheirmusclesormotorboats WhileItoomarvelattheirbeautyandenjoyeatingtheirfishandstretchingmytendonspaddlingacrossthem IappreciateAdirondacklakesinanother morepeculiarway Iseethemasvideocameras permanentlyembeddedinthelandscape passivelyrecordingchangesinvegetationandenvironmentoverthousandsofyears 2020 3 18 47 阅读理解 顺序原则找数字找专有名词找同义词 2020 3 18 48 Eachspring flower duststormsrollthroughtheair depositingayellowfilmofpollenonlakesurfaces Windgustsandrivuletscarryneedlesandseedsfromnearbyforestsintothelakes Muchofthepollenandplantdebrissinksandbecomesentombedinthemudonthelakebottoms Asthemudaccumulates eachyear scropofpollenandplantlitterispreserved 2020 3 18 49 ByplungingahollowtubeintothemudofanAdirondacklakeandhaulingitup Icanobtainarecordofthehistoryofthesurroundingforestoverthepast10 000years Becausepollencantravelmanymilesonthewind itrecordsthelarge scalechangesinforestcomposition smoothingoverthemoresubtleshiftsinlocalstandsoftrees Thelargerplantfragments however providearecordofthetreesgrowingnearthelake ByexaminingtheneedlesandseedsfromthemudatsixAdirondacklakes Ihavebeenabletoreconstructforestchangesatspecificaltitudes rangingfrom2 100to4 300feet 2020 3 18 50 AlthoughvegetationpatternsmayappeartobepermanentlyengravedontheAdirondacklandscape thelake mudrecordsleadtoamoredynamicperceptionofthevegetation Climatechangehasresultedinnearlycontinualchangesinregionalandlocalforestcompositionduringthepast10 000years Astheclimatechanged individualtreespeciesshiftedupanddownthemountainslopes Forinstance between8 000and4 000yearsago treesnowfoundatlowerelevations whitepine hemlock yellowbirch grewataltitudesasmuchas1 000feethigher indicatingsubstantiallywarmertemperaturesduringthatperiod Coolingtrendsoverthepast3 000yearshaveledtothedisappearanceofthesetreesfromhigherelevationsandincreasesinsprucepopulations 2020 3 18 51 Duringtheelevationshifts forestzones groupsofassociatedspecies werenotpreserved distinctzonesemerged persistedforawhile andwerethenreplacedbynewpatterns Thecharacteristiczonesweseetoday suchasthesubalpineforestsdominatedbyredspruceandbalsamfir didn texistuntil3 000yearsago Beforethen redsprucewasrarethroughouttheregion andforestsofhardwoodsandhemlockborderedhigh elevationfirforests Theregionexperienceddifferentcombinationsofannualandseasonaltemperatures rainfall andhumidity whichgaverisetonewcombinationsoftreespecies 2020 3 18 52 Basedontherecordsfromthelakesediments globalwarmingwouldnotresultinasimpleupwardshiftinthecurrentvegetationzonesoftheAdirondacks Futureclimatechangesandbioticresponseswillprobablybeatleastascomplexasthoseofthepast10 000years Wecanexpectchangesnotonlyinaverageconditionsbutalsoinextremes suchasdrought andinseasonaldistributionofprecipitation Changesinthefrequencyoffiresandblowdownsbystrongwindscouldalsohaveahandinreshapingtheforests 2020 3 18 53 AttemptstopreservecharacteristicAdirondackcommunitytypesmaybeunsuccessfulinthefaceofclimatechanges Becauseofitssize however theAdirondackParkmayplayakeyroleinpreservingregionalbiodiversityduringthenextcentury Theextensivetractsofundevelopedlandconnectdiversehabitats providingroutesforplantandanimalspeciesthatwillneedtoadjusttheirgeographiclocationandformnewcommunitiesastheClimatechanges ElsewhereintheeasternUnitedStates thelandscapehasbeenfragmented andthosehabitatsthathavebeenpreservedareisolated restrictingnaturaladjustmentofcommunitiestolarge scaleenvironmentalchange 2020 3 18 54 57 Themainideaofthispassageisthat A Adirondacklakesprovidearecordofman spollutionoftheenvironmentB pollenandplantlitterhavechangedovertheyearsC AdirondacklakemudprovidesavaluablerecordofthehistoryofsurroundingforestsD undevelopedlakeshaveanaturalattractionforvacationerseveryyear58 Whathasledtothechangesinre