新概念第二册lesson14.docx

Lesson 14 Do you speak English? 【New words and expressions】(7) amusing adj. 好笑的, 有趣的The story is amusing. (好笑的)amused adj. 感到好笑的(要笑出声)amuse v. 使发笑，使愉快The story amused me.funny adj. 好笑的(不一定要笑出声可以指贬义)，开心的，令人开心的interesting / funny storyexperience n. 经历(可数)；经验(不可数) n. 经历(可数)He has a lot of experiences. n. 经验，体验(不可数)Does she have any experience in teaching? vt. 经验，体验The village has experienced great changes since 1980.experienced adj. 有经验的，经验丰富的He is an experienced doctor.wave v. 招手wave to sb. 向某人招手lift n. 搭便车A give B a lift. 让某人搭便车take a bus/taxi/lift 乘公共汽车/乘出租汽车/搭便车 B wants to take a lift. 某人想搭便车thumb lift 拇指便车(向过路车辆竖起拇指表示要求免费搭车)reply v. 回答reply与answer的区别： 作为不及物动词是一样的 :He answered/replied. 作为及物动词就不一样了 : answer sth. answer the letter 回信reply to sth. I will reply to the letter. 回信language n. 语言native language 母语mother tongue 母语(口语中用)My mother tongue is Chinese.journey n. 旅行 所有的旅行，偏重于陆地旅行go on a journey；3 days journey(三天路程)trip n. 短距离旅行或出差(时间或距离上较短)go on a trip = go on businesstravel n. 周游(长途旅行)tour n. 游玩(为了玩)tourist n. 游客 voyage n. 旅行(海上)flight n. 空中飞行【课文讲解】1、After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.after引导的从句如果一个是过去时，一个是过去完成时，那一定是从句用过去完成时；before引导的从句表示“在之前”，主句发生在从句之前, 主句用过去完成时。drive on 继续开往(on加在动词的后面表示继续)My heart will go on 我心永恒副词on紧跟在动词后面时可以表示“向前”、“继续下去”等意义：He talked on until everybody had gone. 他滔滔不绝地讲到大家都走了。表达方位的表达方式一共有3个介词, in(在里面),on(接壤)，to(没有相接的, 是相离的)A is to the east of B (A B不相接)A is on the east of B (A B接壤)A is in the east of B (A在B里面)2、On the way, a young man waved to me.on the way 在路上, 在途中wave to sb. 冲某人挥手3、As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. as soon as 一就，后面一定要加一个句子(时间状语从句), 强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的，“一” 后面的先发生只要是状语从句, 一旦遇到将来时, 变为一般现在时As soon as you arrive,you must call me.表示用某种语言作为交际手段时介词用in，表示讲某种语言时可以不加介词。I speak English. I say a word in Chinese.reply 要想加宾语要加 to (+要回答的内容)，而in the same language 在句中作状语, 不是replay所应回答的问题(宾语), 故用in4、Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. apart from 除以外not at all 一点都不，表强调5、I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, Do you speak English?nearly 将要when的翻译要看具体情况, 在这里译为“就在此时”I had nearly reached home when I found my mother standing there.Do you speak English? 你说英语吗? 你是说英语国家的人吗?(问的是一个事实，不是问会说英语吗)Do you swim? 你去游泳吗?Can you swim? 你会游泳吗?6、As I soon learnt, he was English himself!I learn 我得知； I know 我知道(我本来就知道)As+主语+动词，从句 (As my mother said/As I heard/ As I learnt) 正如As we know,the New Concept English is very good. 正如我们所知 As I think,it is the coldest day in the year.As he said, English is easy to learn.himself反身代词单独放在句尾, 起强调作用I read English myself.【Key structures】过去完成时过去完成时：由had+过去分词构成，它表示过去某时或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作或情况，即“较早的过去”。过去完成时一定要以一个过去时态作铺垫, 这个动作一定要发生在had done之后。在用过去完成时态的句子中，常用连词when，after，as soon as，until，by that time等。常与现在完成时连用的副词如already，just，never，neverbefore也常与过去完成时连用，以强调事件发生的先后次序：I didnt know that she was a famous actress until you had told me.在那些用过去完成时的句子中没有明确的时间状语，但通过上下文可以看出动作发生的先后。Exercises D (用正确的时态填空)1 The moment he had said this, he _ (regret) it.the moment = as soon as 一就，后面直接加从句2 It _ (begin) to rain before she took a taxi.before从句用一般过去时, 主句用过去完成时【Special Difficulties】 Ask与Ask For：ask v. 问，询问；请求，要求，邀请 ask a question/ask sb. 问(一个问题)/问某人I asked (Mary) a question. They asked Tony to sing a song.ask for 要，要求(某样东西)I asked for a cup of coffee, but they gave me a cup of tea./You are always asking for help.Except, Except for与Apart from三者都表示“除以外”，有时可以互换，但except不用于句首，except for和apart from则可以。 Everyone has helped in some way apart from/except for/except you. Apart from/Except for you, everyone has helped in some way. apart from习惯上喜欢放句首, apart from=except/besides如果认为整体之中做这件事情的人除了整体之外，还有这个人也做了(包括)，是加号=besides；如果认为整体之中做这件事情的人除了整体之外，这个人没有做(排除)，是减号=except；如果放在句首，统一用apart from代替except/besidesAll the passengers are millionaire except us. (减号)I invited everyone except George. / Except for George I invited everyone.Except for/apart from this, everything is in order.except for含有对整体中的某一个方面不满意，except for 可以不放在句首, 强调整体当中某一方面除外, 剩下的整体都不错The article is very good except for his handwriing.Except for his height, he is very excellent.Which of，Either of，Neigher of与Both of上面这些短语都可用于指两个人或两件事either of 两者当中的任何一个neither of 两者都不which of 那一个both of 两者都 当询问在两个或更多的人或事物中偏爱哪一个或选择哪一个时，可用which .I like both of these bags. Which of the two do you prefer? either与neither都是对两个人或物而言(后接单数名词)。either指one or the other(不是这个就是那个)，either和neither后跟of时则指两个事物中的每一个either of sb. 当中的任何一个neither of sb. 当中的任何一个都不. both只指两个人或物。当它用在名词前时，of 可有可无；当用在代词前面时，其后必须加ofBoth books/Both of the books are interesting.Both of us/them left early.none of 三者或三者以上之间都不 Exercise5 He could not answer(neither of)(either of)the questions I (asked)(asked for).either of(前面有not, 故只能选either of) , asked【Multiple choice questions】6 I speak a few words of French. I dont know _b_ French a. many b. much c. plenty of d. a littleplenty of 足够多的；notplenty of 不够多not much = a little 一些not a little = much 很多7 Neither of us spoke. We _c_ .a. neither spoke b. either spoke c. both didnt speak d. neither didnt speak11 He replied in French. He _b_ the writer in French.a. responed b. answered c. returne d. remarkedresponded和replied用法一样，replied后面加宾语一定要加to，answer可以直接加宾语9 The young man waved to the writer. He _c_ him.a. salute b. greeted c. signalled to d. noddedsalute v. 行军礼, 军人的问候 The soldier saluted his officer. 士兵的问候greet v. 问候 ； signa