虚拟语气试题1精讲.doc

.1. She might have been in time for the train, but she _ late.A. startedB. has startedC. was to startD. had startedmight have done表示与过去事实相反，but后用一般过去时态表示实际发生的事。2. I lost your cell phone number, otherwise, I _ you long before.A. had calledB. have calledC. would have calledD. should call时间状语long before，告诉这是对过去的假设，要是知道你的手机号码，我早就给你打电话了。3.Its so near! We should have walked there.Yes, a taxi _ necessary at all.A. wasntB. isntC. hadnt beenD. wont be根据情态动词+have done判断时态的题目。我们知道这个结构只可能有两种时态：过去时和现在完成时，对话内容是恍然发现目的地离得很近，所以本没必要打车，是对过去的虚拟，表示后悔的心情。真实的过去是坐了出租车的。4. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.A. WouldB. Should C. MightD. Ifif.should/were to do.,.would do.这个句式可以倒装，也可理解为省略if和从句主语的省略句，变成：were.to do/should .do.,.would do.。5._ the traffic jam, we would have arrived earlier.A. In spite ofB. Because ofC. But forD. Due to这是一个含蓄的if虚拟条件句，相当于:If it hadnt been for the traffic jam, we would have arrived earlier. but for=without,要不是。6. Without your timely help, we _ in big trouble that day.A. had beenB. would beC. would have beenD. were本题同第五题。相当于if it hadnt been for your timely help, we would have been in trouble that day.7. Its high time you _ to make the decision yourself.A. shall learnB. learnC. learntD. have learntIts high time+从句表建议时要用were式虚拟语气，从句中用过去式。8. If you _ me earlier, you _ sorry now.A. had listened to; wouldnt have beenB. were to listen to; shouldnt have beenC. had listened to; wouldnt beD. listened to; wouldnt be此题是一个混合虚拟语气题，从句是对过去的假设，所以根据if虚拟条件句的规则，要用过去完成时，而主句部分讲的是目前的情况所以要用would + do。9.Im feeling terribly drunk now.Well, Id rather you _ like a fish in the party.A. didnt drinkB. hadnt drunkC. werent drinkingD. not drink10. The man insisted that he_ nothing wrong and _ free.A. did; set B. had done; should be setC. do; be setD. had done; must be setinsist只有表示在建议和坚持别人的意见的时候才用虚拟语气，自己坚持自己的意见时为陈述事实的话就不用虚拟语气。所以他说he had done nothing是事实。后面的句子才是要求，所以后面用“should do”式虚拟语气结构。11. If only I _ an umbrella! I was wet through.A. tookB. should takeC. had takenD. takeif only引导were式主观愿望虚拟语气句，“如果就好了”，对过去虚拟用过去完成时。12. If it were not for the fact that she _ sing，I would invite her to the party. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分，if + should/would/could.+动词原形+其他成分。that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。 13. If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic. But it _ all day. A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is rainingif句式对过去虚拟，所以陈述句用过去时。14. If I _ plan to do anything I want to，Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分，if + should/would/could.+动词原形+其他成分。 15. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managed C. could managed D. can have managed 这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟，所以要用could have done。 16. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆的话，很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情，从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。 17. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York？ I agree，but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent；that B. not be sent；that (should) not be sentC. should not be sent；what D. should not send；what 18. Look at the trouble Im in，if only I _ your advice！ A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow wish/if only/would rather+主语+动词一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反，其中be动词用were）/动词过去完成时（表示与过去事实相反）/would+动词原型（表示与将来事实相反）。19His doctor suggested that he _ a short leave of absence should doAwill take Bwould take Ctake Dtook20The job would require that _ at 7 oclock every morning Ahe will be at the factory Bhe be at the factoryChe was at the factory Dhe has been at the factory21Your advice that she _ till next week is reasonableAwill wait Bis going to wait Cwaits D. wait22The housemaster was strictHe requested that we _ television on week nightsAnot watchBmust not to watchCnot be watching Dhave not watched23It is necessary that a worker _ his work on timeAaccomplishesBcan accomplishCaccomplishDhas accomplished24It is important that he _ his decision before FridayAwill make Bmakes Cmake Dmust make25You look so tired. Its time you _ Ago to sleep Bwent to sleepCgo to bedDwent to bed26Id rather you _ anything about it for the time beingAdo Bdidnt do Cdont Ddidnt27But for water，it _ impossible to live in the desertAis Bwas Cwere Dwouldnt be28 _ it_ for your help，I couldnt have made any progressAHad；not beenBShould；not beenCDid；not beenDNot；be29Long _ the Party！Alives Blive Cwill liveDshould live30Mary insisted that Tom _ her the ring backAgives Bgive Cgiven Dhave given31My suggestion was that the meeting _ off till next weekAto putBbe put should be putCshould put Dbe putting32Mother suggested that I _ my homework first before watching TVAdid Bdo Cshall doDhave done33He insisted that nothing _ till he arrived. Amust be started Bought to be started Ccould be started Dshould be started 34Tom suggests that Ann _ the house. Acan sell Bsells Csell Dsold 35Its better that he _ it from you. Awill hear Bhears Cshould hear Dheard 在It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that.结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、较好、迫切、紧近、重要等形容词后的主语从句的谓语也用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should 动词原形或省略should直接用动词原形（美国英语中省去should）。36It was necessary that he _ about what had happened. Abe told Bwas told Cshould tell Dtell 37Its astonishing that she _ sad at news that it has nothing to do with her. Afelt Bshould feel Cll feel Dwould feel 38It was strange that we _ short of water in the country where it was always raining. Aare Bbe Cshould be Dboth B and C 39It is strange that she _ marry such an ugly man. Awould Bshould Cshall Dmust should带有感情色彩40Its not right that the meeting _ off till tomorrow. Amust be put Bmust put Cwill be put Dbe put 本句带有要求之意，故从句谓语用should型虚拟语气。D项中的should被省略。41It was impossible that he _ the train, for he had started out very early. Acould have missed Bmust have missed Cshould have missed Dshould miss 本句带有惊讶之意，故从句须用should型虚拟语气。但由于是过去的事情所产生的惊讶，所以用should+不定式完成式。42Its a pity that he _ such a good chance. Ashould miss Bshould have missed Chas missed Dall the above如选A，这表达了说话人对将来的事所发出的感叹，选B则是对已经过去的事情的感叹。选C则是一个直陈语气，即说话人对此并不一定感到十分惋惜，而是对此事的陈述。43He tried to find some excuse for the debt, but I insisted that he _ it off at once. Amust pay Bought to pay Cpaid Dpay 44Mr. Ford insisted that he _ right, though the others didnt think so. Ashould do Bshould have done Chad done Ddid 45His pale face suggested that he _ the sad news. Ashould be told Bshould have been told Cwas told Dhad been told suggest作建议解时，后接了should型虚拟语气，但在本句中作“表明”解，这时不用虚拟语气。46He suggested that we _ here at once. Ashould leave Bmust leaveCleft Dought to leave 47My order is that everyone _ their own work in time. Amust complete Bcompleted Ccompletes Dcomplete 48Weve made the decision that we _ at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. Awill gather Bare about to gather Cwould gather Dshould gather 49-Ill be waiting for you at home. - _ I were busy and couldnt come?AWhat if BWhat when C How if DHow when What if？常用于省略疑问句，既可以用于虚拟语气，也可用于直陈语气。本句不省略的形式为What would you do if。50After he was praised for what he had done, he said，“I _ even better under harder conditions. ”Awould do Bwould have done Cdid Dhad done 本句的under引出一个非真实的条件，当然也可以是真实条件。根据上下文，应理解为与过去事实相反，故其谓语动词用would have done。51It has been raining for a day, but even though it _ , we _ there by tomorrow. Ahadnt rained, couldnt get Bhadnt rained, cant get Cdidnt rain, couldnt get Ddidnt rain, cant get even though=even if 意为“即使”。它同if一样可以引出一个真实的让步从句，也可以引出一个非真实的让步从句。根据上文，even though是一个非真实的与过去事实相反的让步从句。而主句we cant get there却是一个真实的情况。52We could not have succeeded _ your help. Abut for Bwithout Cif it had not been for Dall the above 53I dare say he is not your true friend, because a true friend _ differently when you were in trouble. Aacted Bhad acted Cwould act Dwould have acted从全句的意思分析，a true friend-differently实际上是指一种假设，而when引导的从句又告诉我们，这是一个与过去事实相反的假设，故用would have acted。高考真题（2010高考英语江苏卷）George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focusedwould rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式。（2010高考英语上海卷）-Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt与过去事实相反的虚拟（2010高考英语浙江卷）Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .Awould have been saved Bhad been saved Cwill be saved Dwas saved根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy （2010高考英语天津卷）John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 句意为“约翰自己去医院了。如果他告诉我这件事情，我就会和他一起去去医院。是对过去发生事实的一种意愿表达，用虚拟语气，所以从句采用have done的结构。（2010高考英语陕西卷）If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken与过去事实相反的虚拟（2010高考英语湖南卷）If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow根据“wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。（2010高考英语北京卷）-The weather has been very hot and dry.-Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _. A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died高考资源网()来源：高考资源网版权所有：高考资源网(www.k s 5 )8. - If he _, he _ that food. - Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (93 N) A. was warned would not takeB. had been warned would not have taken C. would be warned had not takenD. would have been warned had not taken9. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother. (94 N) A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come10. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken11. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. (96 N) A. drove didnt getB. drove wouldnt get C. were driving wouldnt getD. had driven wouldnt have got12. Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. O