虚拟语气及练习,完整版本.doc

精品文档虚拟语气概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这种形式称为语气。语气分三种：1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。He is late for class. What fun!He is not interested in classical music.2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形）Dont be late！3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。If I were you, I would accept his advice.2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.3.如果你以前好好学习， 你会通过考试的。If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 注意：1.错综时间虚拟语气当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If you _(follow)my advice just now, you _(be)better now.If you _(study)hard before, you _(be)a college student now.1. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired.A. drove; didnt getB. drove; wouldnt getC. were driving; wouldnt getD. had driven; wouldnt have got2. If you _ with George earlier, you _ so angry now.A. talked; would not beB. had talked; would not beC. would talk; would not beD. had talked; would not have been3. If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _ so seriously now.A. is not pollutedB. would not be pollutedC. had not been pollutedD. would not have been polluted2.If 引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有had, should, were 时，可将if省略，而将had, should, were 置于句首，采用倒装结构。Eg. If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus. Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用谓语动词的省略形式。Were it not for (要不是)the expense, I would go abroad now.(T)Werent it for the expense, I would go abroad now.(F)经典考题：1、What would have happened ,_ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther2、Had the boy worked harder, he _ the exams. A. must have got through B. could get through C. ought to get through D. would have got through3、含蓄条件句 用介词短语代替条件状语从句，常用的介词有：without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but等。（1）but for, without 等引导的虚拟语气 Eg. Without your help, we could not have succeeded. But for electricity, there would be no modern industry.（2）Otherwise, but, or引导的虚拟语气Eg. He was having a meeting, otherwise he would have come over to help us. He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party. Why didnt you buy it? I _ but I didnt have the money. A. would B. would have C. had had D. had bought经典考题：1、- Oh, my God! We just missed the last bus back home. - Im sure we _ it, but you were not in any hurry. (2010朝阳一模) A. could catch B. had caught C. would catch D. could have caught2、I forgot where I read the article, or I _ it to you now. A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing3、- Mary looks very hot and dry. - So _ you if you had so high a fever. A. do B. are C. will D. would4、He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal. A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored5、Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she _ something she would regret later. A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said6、You have broken your promise；you painting the house long ago（2010西城一模） Acould have finished Bhad better finish Cmust have finished Dshould have finished二、虚拟语气的其他用法1.as if / as though（好像）+从句与现在相反 did/were与过去相反 had done与将来相反 would/could/might+ do He looks as if he were an artist.He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.(区分even if/though)注意：若表示的确有某种可能(尤指天气），也可不用虚拟语气。Eg. Look! The clouds are gathering.It looks as if its going to rain .When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken2.It is (high / about) time (that) sb did/ sb should（不可省略） + do该是某人做某事的时候了。It is high time that you got up/should get up.Im getting tired; its time we _ home. A. go B. are going C. went D. should be going3.wish/if only(要是就好了）+从句 与现在事实相反 did/were 与过去事实相反 had done（或用could have done） 与将来事实相反 could/would/might + do I wish (that)he_(visit) us tomorrow.I wish (that) he_(visit)us today.I wish he_(visit) us yesterday. If only you _ （listen)to our advice!If only I _ (be)a bird!4.在would rather+宾语从句中与现在或将来事实相反 did/were与过去事实相反 had done即：would rather sb did/ had doneI would rather you _(come) here tomorrow.I would rather you _ (not tell)me the truth.5.用于表示建议（advise/ suggest/ propose/recommend）命令(order/ command)要求(demand/require/ request/ desire)坚持要求(insist) 等词相连的从句中需用虚拟语气：sb （should）+ do1.I suggested that he (should) go there at once. (宾语从句)2.My advice is that we (should) tell him the news.3.I made a suggestion that he-(同位语从句)4.It is suggested that he-(主语从句)5.My suggestion was that he-(表语从句)区别：This is the suggestion that/ which he made at the meeting.(定语从句)The officer gave the order that nothing _ until the people arrived. A. didnt touch B. touched C. be touched D. touch注意：suggest:表明，暗示 陈述语气 建议 虚拟语气Her pale face suggested that she _（be)ill and that she _(send) to hospital immediately.Insist：坚持说，坚持认为 陈述语气 坚持主张，坚持要求 虚拟语气He insisted that he _(not steal) the money and insisted that he _(set) free.6.主语从句中的虚拟语气（主要是it作形式主语）It is necessary / important / natural / strange / funny/ surprising/ a pity / a shame/ no wonder/ suggested / advised/recommended / desired that sb (should) + do It is strange that he (should) have treated his parents like that.It is a pity that Lucy (should) be so careless.It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.注意：以上句式也可用于陈述语气It is strange that he didnt come yesterday.It is a pity that she cant sing.It is strange that the lazy boy _ pass the exam. A. has B. should C. would D. might 虚拟语气专项练习60题1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie2. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we _in turn, you _ so tired A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt getC. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5. I suggested the person _ to be put into prisonA. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today-I would rather she _ me tomorrow than todayA. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told9. -Would you have called her up ?-Yes, but I _busy doing my homeworkA. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meetA. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for12. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from goingA. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented 13. _hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work14. _today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leaveB. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left15. Had you listened to the doctor, you _all right nowA. are B. were C. would be D. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brotherA. has come B. did come C. come D. had come17. He _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experiment.A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped18. If it _for the snow, we_ the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climbC. had not been, could have climbed D. hadnt been, could climb 19. Without electricity, human life _quite difficult todayA. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be20. -I am going to tell her the news-I would as soon as you _her about it A. didnt tell B. dont tell C. hadnt tell D. wont tell21. Mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted he _homeA. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay22. It was requested that the play _againA. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on23. She insisted that a doctor _ immediatelyA. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent24. -Did you scold him for his carelessness-Yes, but _itA. Id rather not do B. Id rather not have done C. I should t do D. Id better not do25. If only I _my carA. hadnt lost B. wouldnt lose C. didnt lose D. havent lost26. But for water, it _impossible to live in the earthA. is B. would be C. were D. wouldnt be27. I would rather you _anything about it for the time beingA. do B. didnt do C. dont D. didnt28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he _ their own sonA. is B. were C. had been D. should be29. How the old people wish that they _young once moreA. were B. could become C. had been D. should be30. It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problemA. hold B. held C. have held D. had held31. The thief closed his eyes _ he _dyingA. even if , was B. though, would be C. even, had been D. as if, were32. I wish that you _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concertA. had not B. did not have had C. hadnt had D. hadnt have33. The chairman insisted that we _the question againA. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed34. He requested that the students _them get in cropsA. help B. to help C. helped D. helping35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _the rulesA. obeys B. Obey C. will obey D. would obey36. I wish I _here thenA. was B. had been C. were D. would be37. It is strange that he _back so earlyA. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come38. Mother suggested that I _my homework first before watching TVA. did B. do C. shall do D. have done39. My suggestion is that the meeting _off till nest SundayA. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put40. He is talking so much about America as if he _ thereA. had been B. has been C. was D. been41. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before elevenA. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished42. -Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to-Dont call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and _ you forget it!A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont 43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I _ but I _ all this morningA. would, have washed B. could, have been washing C. would have, have been washing D. could have, had washing44. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt try45. -How could I thank you enough? -Dont mention it. Any other man _itA. must do B. could do C. would have done D. should have done46. Key European governments insist Iraqs co-operation _ good and military action_ to allow inspections to continueA. be, be delayed B. is, delay C. should be, be delayed D. is , be delayed47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, _more deathsA. it would have been B. it would be C. there would be D. there would have been48. What the customers_ from the company is that the goods _ right to their homes.A. requested, deliver B. demand, be delivered C. request, should deliver D. demand, delivered49. If law-breakers _ the society will be in disorderA. made unpunished B. came unpunished C. went unpunished D. not punished50. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we _lateA. would be B. were C. will be D. would have been51. Supposing he never _, what would happen thenA. come B. came C. would come D. will c