四级英语作文模板.doc

议论段模板在历年四级作文中，议论段一般包括三种：一种是在文字命题中出现在首段，一般是点明文章议论的主题，即提出某一种观点或将某两种观点进行对比，我们称之为提出观点段；针对两种观点对比的议论文，我们又需要在第二段展开议论，称之为对比论证段；还有一种是出现在文字和图表命题作文中作为结论段的议论段，这种议论段通常是一般性总结观点或表达个人观点、建议、态度的段落，在此我们称之为观点总结段。下面我们结合真题来讲议论段的写作并提炼出相应的模板：（一） 提出观点段在第一段提出观点的段落按照所议论的内容可分为提出一种观点的段落和提出对比观点的段落。考生在选择段落模板时必须首先对提纲要点进行分析，明确在第一段应该提出何种观点，然后对号入座。我们先来看1999年1月考题Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Dont Hesitate to Say No. You should write at least 100 -160 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说不 2. 为什么有些人在该说不的时候不说不 3. 该说不时不说不的坏处通过对文章进行破题，我们把文章划分成以下三段：1） 提出论点，简要论述2） 说明原因3） 总结观点我们可以从提纲中看出，这是一篇以议论为主的文章，第一段首先要提出论点。所以可以这么写： It is well known that we should not hesitate to say “No” on many occasions.(提出观点) The truth of it is self-evident.(强调观点的明显性) No one can deny that when we are unable to ofer help, we should say “No”.(进一步说明的观点) Therefore, a direct reply “No” should be used to avoid misunderstanding among us.(总结句)再看1997年1月考题Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes tow rite a composition on the topic Practice Makes Perfect. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 怎样理解“熟能生巧”？ 2. 例如：在英语学习中. 3. 又如.这是一篇对谚语进行论述的文章，显然第一段应该首先解释谚语并简要论述：It is well known that practice makes perfect.(通过点题突出论点) The truth of it is self-evident.(说明论点的正确性) No one can deny that the more you practice the more skillful you will be. (解释论点) Therefore, we should be down- to-the-earth and practice a lot before we can actually acquire some skills. （总结句）以上两个例子均在第一段提出了一种观点，我们可以归纳出提出观点段的第一种模板：提出观点段模板一It is well known that论点 The truth of it is self-evident.说明论点的正确性 No one can deny that 观点的理论依据 Therefore,总结句.相应的活用模板It is believed that论点 The truth of it is deep and profound.说明论点的正确性 As we know,观点的理论依据 Consequently,总结句.在历年四级考题中，讨论两种对立观点的题目出现频率较高，这类议论文的首段就需要引出两种相互对立的观点，请看如下例文：2000年6月四级作文Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you. You should write at least 100 words, and base your competition on the outline given in Chinese below:1. 很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是.2. 也有人持不同意见，.3. 我的看法和打算提纲中明确指出存在两种对立观点，所以文章首段可以这么写： A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET). This news causes a heated debate over the necessity of the test. (点明争论的焦点) There are mainly two kinds of opinions.(指出存在两种观点) It is commonly accepted that such a test in China is very necessary.(观点一) In contrast, others think it unnecessary.(观点二)我们在来看1999年6月的考题Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Reading Selectively Or Extensively? You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 有人认为读书要有选择 2. 有人认为应当博览群书 3. 我的看法从提纲前两个要点分析，我们应该首先在第一段提出两个对立观点，范文如下： There is a heated debate over reading.(点明争论的焦点) There are mainly two kinds of opinions. (提出存在两种观点) It is commonly accepted that students should read extensively. (观点一) In contrast, others think that students should read selectively. (观点二)根据上面的例文，我们可以归纳出提出观点段的另一种模板：提出观点段模板二 There is a heated debate over争论的焦点 There are mainly two kinds of opinions. It is commonly accepted that观点一 In contrast, others think that观点二相应的活用模板： Different people will offer quite different ideas about 争论焦点. There are mainly two kinds of opinions. Many people assert 观点一. However, others believe与观点一对立的观点二.（二）对比论证段-中间段在前面分析的有关两种观点对比论证的题型中，从破题的角度，第二段一般应该进一步论述这两种观点，所以对比论证段通常作为中间段与提出观点段模板二组合在一起，我们仍以上面的两个考题为例：2000 年6月四级作文第二段范文Those who hold the first opinion suggest that English as a language is mainly a tool for oral communication.(第一种观点的理由) In their view, spoken English ability is badly needed in many aspects. (第一种观点的理由) However, others think that fluent oral English does not necessarily mean better opportunities. （第二种观点的理由）They argue that many people need not use oral English at work.（第二种观点的理由）1999年6月四级作文第二段作文范文Those who hold the first opinion suggest that we should absorb all kinds of knowledge. （第一种观点的理由）In their view, students cannot get a general view about the whole world without extensive reading.（第一种观点的理由）However, others think that selective reading is the best way to achieve high efficiency（第二种观点的理由）They argue that students should not overspend time on non-professional books because their time is quite limited. （第二种观点的理由）现在我们就可以归纳出进一步论述对立观点段的模板，我们称之为对比论证段，对比论证段模板Those who hold the first opinion suggest观点一的理由In their view, 深入阐述观点一的理由However, others think 观点二的理由They argue that 深入阐述观点二的理由。相应的活用模板Some may proclaim观点一的理由They maintain an idea because深入阐述观点一的理由In contrast, the objectors think观点二的理由They argue that深入阐述观点二的理由。（三）观点总结段观点总结段用来表达作者自己的观点，建议，方法或态度，一般都是放在结尾段，出现的频率最高。我们还以2003年9月考题为例v Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured). You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: v 1.简单叙述一下这位同学生病（或受伤）的情况v 2.同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/她的v 3.人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是 根据提纲要点的第三点，说明该段要求根据作文的主题表达自己的感受，下面我们来看看这篇作文的观点总结段怎么写：As I understand, love is the most beautiful thing in the world. （提出个人观点）On the one hand, Lucy is always ready to help others.（ 理由一）On the other hand, we will try our best to help her when she is in need. （理由二）In conclusion, everyone of us should love each other and make our society a warm family. （总结句）从这段我们可以看出其阐述层次是：段落主题局引出-阐述理由一-阐述理由二-总结句根据这几个层次我们可以归纳出总结观点的模板； As I understand, 我的看法或偏好 On the one hand, 个人看法的依据一On the other hand,个人看法的依据二In conclusion, 个人的结论或文章的结论。相应的活用模板 As to me, I prefer我的看法或偏好First, 个人看法的依据一Second, 个人看法的依据二In a word, 个人的结论或文章的结论。另外还有一种不以第一人称总结全文的议论段也很常用，如2001年1月考题v Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on