中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与例析.doc

中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与解析【重点讲解】形容词用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。大多数形容词有比较等级的变化，可分为原级、比较级和最高级三种基本形式，用来表示事物的等级差别。副词在句子中主要修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。副词按词汇意义可分为方式副词、程度副词、地点副词、时间副词和频度副词等。分别用于表示状态、程度、场所、时间。副词也有比较等级的变化，其规则形式与形容词的相同。掌握形容词和副词的基本用法要注意以下几点：1、有些形容词加-ly可构成副词。但由名词加-ly结尾的是形容词，如 friendly，lovely， likely，lively等。2、形容词、副词的比较级等级的变化。1）规则变化： 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er/ estsmallsmallersmallest; clevercleverercleverest 辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变成i加-er / est:easyeasiereasiest; heavyheavierheaviest 词尾以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母，然后加-er/ est:bigbiggerbiggest; hothotterhottest 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加上more/ most:slowlymore slowlymost slowly;interestingmore interestingmost interesting2）不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good(好的)/ well(健康的)betterbestbad (坏的)/ ill(有病的)worseworstold (老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/ many(多)moremostlittle(少) lessleastfar (远)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest3、表示比较的几种句型：句型1：“比较级 + than ”，例如： You are taller than I. They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.句型2：“as + 原级 + as”，否定句中可用so as例如：Tom is as tall as his father.He cannot run so/as fast as you.句型3：“最高级 + in/of”，例如：The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.Peter is the tallest player of the three.4、可修饰比较级的词有much, even, far, still, rather, by far, a bit, a little, a lot, a great deal等。例如：The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大得多。He did his work far better than I. 他的工作做得比我好得多。【中考链接】1. The teacher looked at her students_ when they were saved. We also felt_ for them. A. happily, happy B. happy, happily C. happy, happy D. happily, happily 答案：A。【解析】本题考查形容词和副词的用法。第一句中look at是短语动词，要用副词happily来修饰。第二句felt是连系动词，连系动词后接形容词happy作表语。故答案为A。2. This dish tastes_. Thank you. It _ by Mr. Smith. A. good; was cooked B. well; cooks C. bad; is cooked D. terrible; cooked 答案：A。【解析】本题考查形容词作表语和动词的被动语态的用法。taste是连系动词,连系动词后应接形容词作表语，根据上下文，第一空应该选good, the dish是在他们说话之前做好的，所以第二句用一般过去时的被动语态形式，故选A。3_ good news it is! The panda are found alive after the earthquake. Its so_.A. What a, excited B. What, excitingC. How a, excited D. How, exciting 答案：B。【解析】开头一句是感叹句，由于news是不可数名词，第一空要填what。exciting在此作表语，意为“令人激动的”。故选B。4. Traveling by plane is _ than traveling by train. Yes, but it is not so _ as traveling by train. A. quickly; cheaper B. more quick; cheaply C. quick; more cheap D. quicker; cheap 答案：D。【解析】第一句根据句意应选用形容词的比较级，quick是单音节的形容词，所以在其后直接加-er。第二句是考查(not)soas句型的用法，在asas或(not)so as)句型中形容词要用原级，故选D。5. Shall we go to the Hi-tech Fair at 9:00 tomorrow morning? Why not meet a little_? How about 8:30? A . more B. less C. later D. earlier 答案：D。【解析】本题考查副词比较级的用法。根据句意，将见面的时间从9：00改为8：30，是提前了，所以选D。6. I think real cards are_ than e-cards. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 答案：B。【解析】根据句意，两种卡片相比，应用形容词的比较级，故选B。7. How much money did you pay for the drink? None. It was_. A. easy B. free C. cheap D. expensive 答案：B。【解析】本题要求根据对话内容选择恰当的形容词。根据答语开头的 “None”可看出“饮料不用付钱”，所以选答案B。8. Lets go to the new restaurant on the 24th Street for dinner tonight? We can cook it at home. Its_. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive 答案：C。【解析】在家里做饭一般没有在餐馆吃贵，所以选C。句意为：“今晚我们去二十四号街的新餐馆吃晚餐，好吗？”“我们在家做饭吧，这样会花费少些。” 9. Everyone likes Kevin because he talks to others_. A. friendly B. lovely C. politely D. luckily 答案：C。【解析】本题应填副词，作状语。A和C是形容词，D的意思不恰当，故选C。句意为：人人都喜欢Kevin，因为他跟人说话很有礼貌。 10. Daniel is a careful driver but he drives _ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully 答案：D。【解析】本题考查副词最高级的用法。 根据句中表比较范围的“of my friends”来判断，应该选副词的最高级。可以排除A和C。 “but”是表示转折意思的连词，因此排除B而选D。句意为“虽然Daniel是个谨慎的驾驶员，但在我的朋友中，他驾驶最不小心了。” 【习题精炼】1. The sun _ rises in the east. A. never B. sometimes C. always D. often2. I always listen to the teacher_ in class. Its very clever of you to do that. A. free B. freely C. careful D. carefully 3. They could do the work better with _ money and _people. A. little, fewer B. fewer, less C. less, fewer D. less, few4. Monday is my_ day. A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest 5. Mr. Taylor, the bank manager often dresses more_ to get relaxed at the weekends. A . carefully B. normally C. casually D. particularly 6. Jenny, a man named Tom phoned you_. He asked you to call him back. A. now and then B. just now C. right now D. from now on 7. Tom is _of the two. A. the younger B. the youngest C. younger D. the young8. What _ news it was! Yes, all of the children were_. A. excited; exciting B. exciting; excitedC. exciting; exciting D. excited ; excited 9. The pianos in this shop are as _ as the ones in that shop. A. cheap B. cheapest C. cheaper D. the cheapest10. Its winter now. It is getting _.A. very cold and cold B. colder and colder C. more cold and cold D. coldest and coldest【答案详解】1. 答案：C。【解析】本题考查频度副词的用法。频度副词表示动作发生的频率，always表示“总是”，often表示“经常”，sometimes表示“有时”，never表示“从不”。根据句意应选C。2. 答案：D。【解析】“听老师讲”要用副词修饰，所以排除A和C。freely意为“自由地”，用在此处不恰当，故选D。Carefully是副词。句意是：“课堂上我总是认真地听老师讲课。”“你那样做是很明智的。” 3. 答案：C。【解析】形容词little修饰不可数名词，而few修饰可数名词的复数，所以只能用little修饰money，而用few修饰people。句中存在比较的含义，所以要用little和few的比较级的形式。4. 答案：D。【解析】本题考查形容词比较等级的用法。句中虽然没有出现相比较的对象，但从句首的Monday可以看出，是将这一天与一周中的其它几天相比。根据题意应选形容词的最高级。形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时，不可加定冠词the, 所以排除A，选D。5. 答案：C。【解析】Carefully表示“仔细地”；normally表示“正常地”；casually表示“随便地”；particularly表示“独特地、显著地”。根据意思来判断应该选C。句意为：“银行经理泰勒先生经常在周末的时候穿得很随便，使自己感到轻松。6. 答案：B。【解析】本题考查副词的用法。四个表示时间的副词中，只有just now可用于过去时，其他都是一般现在时的时间状语。Now and then表示“偶尔”，right now表示“马上”from now on表示“从现在开始”。故选B。7答案：A。【解析】本题考查形容词比较级的用法。当表示“两者中较.”的时候，要用“the + 比较级”的形式，此处的the是特指。8. 答案：B