土木工程材料英文词汇.doc

chapt1 Introduction1Road Engineering Materials道路工程材料2billingual双语3material science材料科学4interdisciplinary各学科间的，跨学科5chemistry化学6physics物理7metallurgy冶金学8construction施工，建设，建筑物9structure结构，构造，建筑物10foundation基础11to a great extent在很大程度上12engineering quality工程质量13applicability适用性14Durability耐久性15Safety安全性16Economy经济性17Beauty美观18grasp理解19property性质，性能，所有权20proportion比例，使成比例21aggregate集料，骨料22lime石灰23cement水泥24bitumen沥青25steel钢铁26wood木材27design设计28mixture混合料29concrete混凝土30sand砂31Mortar砂浆32Asphalt concrete沥青混凝土33penetration针入度34ductility延度35Natural materials自然材料36Artificial materials人工材料37Modern materials现代材料38Gravel 碎石，砾石39Inorganic binder 无机结合料，无机黏结剂40Organic binder 有机结合料，有机胶结料41compound化合物，混合物42High polymer高分子聚合物43Physical property物理性能44Density密度45Porosity孔隙率46Void content空隙率47Moisture content含水量48Specific gravity比重49Permeability渗透性50Structure构造51micro 微观52macro宏观53Texture质地，纹理，本质54Color颜色55Shape形状56evaluat评估，评价57appearance外观58weight质量59Semi-rigid base 半刚性基层60lime stabilized soil石灰稳定土61Mechanical properties力学性能，机械性能62Chemical properties化学性能63Deformation变形64stiffness刚度65Strength强度66Tension张力，拉力67compression压力，压缩，压迫68shear剪切，剪力，修剪69flexure弯曲70torsion扭力，转矩71impact冲击力72Elastic modulus弹性模量73Brittleness脆性、脆度74plasticity塑形，可塑性75ductility延性，延展性76pertain为固有的，与有关系的77composition构成，成分78Acidity酸度79Alkalinity 碱度80corrosion腐蚀，侵蚀81force力82load荷载83stress应力84external forces外力85internal forces内力86consecutive连续，连贯87particle粒子，微粒88proportional成比例的89Equilibrium平衡90unit area单位面积91imaginary section假定的截面92Tensile stress拉应力 93Compressive stress压应力94Shearing stress剪应力95Bending stress弯曲应力96Axial轴的；轴向的97Strain应变98Poissons ratio泊松比99lateral侧面的，横向的100lateral strain横向应变101axial strain轴向应变102ductile易延展的，延性的，易变形的103Rubber橡胶104Wrought iron熟铁105elastic弹性的，有弹性的106Brick砖块107Glass玻璃108Carry prescribed loads满足规定荷载109aesthetically审美的，美学观点的110economically practical经济上可行111environmentally friendly环境友好112Standard标准，规格113application应用，用途，应用程序114inspection检查，视察115Denotation指示chapt2 Aggregates序号英文单词汉语释义认识填1 不认识填01plaster灰泥2grout水泥浆3filter bed过滤层4railroad ballast铁路道碴5base course基层6foundation fill填方地基7subgrade路基8Crushed stone碎石9blast-furnace鼓风炉10slag炉渣；矿渣；熔渣11Fine aggregate细集料12Coarse aggregate粗集料13diameter直径14Lightweight aggregate轻骨料15Normal-weight aggregate常重骨料16Heavyweight aggregate重骨料17Bulk density容积密度、堆积密度18masonry砖石建筑、圬工19Pumice浮石20Scoria矿渣21Tuff凝灰岩22expanded shale膨胀页岩，胀性页岩23expanded clay膨胀土24expanded Slate胀性板岩25Fly ash粉煤灰26sub-base底基层27Gradation级配28Fineness细度，纯度；细微；优雅29Fineness modulus细度模量30Modulus of elasticity弹性模量，弹性模数31distilled water 蒸馏水32Oven dry 烘干，干燥33Air dry风干，自然干燥34Saturate浸透的，饱和的；vt. 浸透，使湿透；使饱和，使充满35Saturated surface dry 饱和面干，表干36Wet37reference参考38Effective absorption有效吸收39surface moisture表面含水量40versus对；与.相对；对抗41Formula公式42Bulk specific gravity毛体积比重43permeable pores 开口孔隙44impermeable 闭口孔隙45Apparent specific gravity表观比重46Porosity孔隙率47Bulk density堆积密度48Loose density松散密度49Dense-graded aggregate密级配集料50Open-graded aggregate开级配集料51Sieve筛子52Sieve Analysis筛分53Single remainder分计筛余54Accumulative remainder累计筛余55Passing percentage通过百分率56Coarse sand粗砂57Median sand 中砂58Fine sand细砂59Uniaxial compression strength单轴抗压强度60Aggregate crushing value压碎值61Abrasion value 磨耗值62Los Angeles Abrasion Test洛杉矶磨耗试验63scrap刮64wear穿著,磨损,耐久性；磨耗65friction摩擦66Continuous gradation连续级配67Gap gradation 间断级配68Grading curve 级配曲线69Theory of maximum density curve最大密度曲线理论 70Theory of particle interference粒子干涉理论 71mathematically数学上的72abscissa横坐标73ordinate纵坐标74gradation region级配范围75Mix design of aggregate矿质混合料的组成设计76Graphical图解的77coordinate坐标；同等的人或物；并列的；同等的78Overlap重叠79adjacent邻近的80Conterminous相接的，连接的81Deviation分离82Trial and error method试算法83diagonal对角线84compositive合成chapt3 Lime and Cement序号英文单词汉语释义1Lime石灰2agent药剂3Inorganic binding agent无机胶凝材料4Nonhydraulic binding agent 非水硬性胶凝材料5air-hardening binding agent气硬性胶凝材料6transform改变，转化7Road sub-base道路底基层8Lime stabilized soil石灰稳定土9Lime and cement stabilized soil石灰水泥稳定土10Lime and fly ash stabilized soil石灰粉煤灰稳定土11Road base基层12Lime and fly ash stabilized aggregates石灰粉煤灰稳定碎石，二灰碎石13Lime and cement stabilized aggregates石灰水泥稳定碎石14Lime mortar石灰砂浆15Manufacture technics生产工艺16Raw未加工的，生的17Raw materials原材料18Limestone石灰石19dolomite白云石20chalkstone方解石21Hydrated lime熟石灰22clump 块23powder粉末24ingredient成分 25Chemical ingredient化学成分26Dryly hardened process干燥硬化27Carbonized hardened process碳化28Purity纯度29equivalent相等的，等效的；当量30Calcium carbonate equivalent 碳酸钙当量，CCE31laboratory试验室32Dry sieve analysis干砂筛析33Effective content of (CaO+MgO)有效氧化钙氧化镁含量34Content of residue未消化残渣含量35residue残渣，剩余，滤渣36Portland Cement波特兰水泥37Calcium钙38Silica硅39Alumina铝40Iron铁41slurry泥浆，悬浮液42flash furnace闪速炉43gypsum石膏44Grinding磨的，刺耳的，令人难以忍受的45micron微米463CaOSiO2碳酸三钙472CaO SiO2硅酸二钙483CaO Al2O3铝酸三钙494CaO Al2O3 Fe2O3铁铝酸四钙50Clinker熟料51Setting凝结52Hardening硬化53Specific surface比表面积54Hydration水化55Consistency稠度56Vicat apparatus自动水泥维卡仪57apparatus设备，仪器58Initial set初凝59Final set终凝60sustain维持61Setting time凝结时间62Hardening硬化63Initial set time初凝时间64Final set time终凝时间chapt4 Concrete and Mortar序号英文单词汉语释义1fresh concrete新拌水泥混凝土2Mixing拌合3Placing 浇筑4Curing养护5Portland Cement ConcretePCC，波特兰水泥混凝土6moist潮湿7plastic可塑8consistency稠度9Volumetric体积的10proportion比例11constituent成分12cement paste水泥浆13apparent density表观密度14Workability工作性，和易性15Segregation离析16Bleeding泌水17Slump坍落度18Mobility流动性19Compatibility相容性，保水性20cone圆锥体、圆锥21procedure程序手段22Strike撞击23excess超过，多余24displacement移位25original center原始中心，初始中心26specimen样本27uniformly一致地28plasticity可塑性29cohesion黏合性30Collapse倒塌31Mass concrete大块混凝土、无钢筋混凝土32Water-to-Cement ratio 水灰比33Admixtures 外加剂、掺和剂34Water-reducing admixture减水剂35air-entraining admixture引气剂36wind speed风速37Temperature温度38humidity湿度39Nonhomogeneity不均匀性40Excessive过度的41Rock pocket /honeycomb 蜂窝42Sand streaks砂条纹，起砂43Crazing 龟裂44Surface scaling 表面剥落45vibration振动46vertically垂直的47lean倾斜48premature未成熟的，不成熟的；比预期早的49Air-content气含量50horizontal水平51Consolidate巩固、加强、强化52adequately充分的、充足的53Trim修剪；整理；装点；修剪；整齐；情形54Depositing Concrete摊铺混凝土55perimeter周长56Baffle挡板57Shallow hopper浅料斗58headroom净空59equivalent等价物、等价的60slip form paver 滑膜摊铺机61dump trucks自卸车62evenly均匀的63Curb/Curb and Gutter路缘石、排水沟64hopper料斗，漏斗65Reinforced加筋的66cold joint冷接67penetration渗透、穿入、洞察力68rigid硬化69systematic系统的70interval间隔71Subsidence下沉、陷落72Screeding 刮平73Floating 抹平74Troweling 抹光75Tining 拉毛76slight脆弱的、轻视、轻微的77imperfections不完美、瑕疵78hump隆起79Age 龄期80adequate充足的81neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略82Watertightness 防水、不透水性、水密性83Abrasion磨损、磨耗84Abrasion resistance 耐磨性85Freeze-thaw 冻融86Freeze-thaw resistance 耐冻融性87Volume stability体积稳定性88Spray喷涂；喷雾；喷洒89fogging雾化90Saturated wet coverings饱水覆盖物91Evaporation蒸发92Plastic sheets塑料薄膜93Live steam流通的蒸汽94Heating coils加热线圈95Electrically heated forms or pads 电加热格框或板96Deformation 变形97Shrinkage收缩、降低98Creep徐变；蠕变 爬行99Durability耐久性100impermeability不渗透性101Compressive strength抗压强度102Tensile strength抗拉强度103Flexural strength弯曲强度104resist抵抗，忍受105corrosive腐蚀的106substance物质、主旨107usability可用性108appearance外观，外貌109in short总而言之110anti-permeability抗渗性111Frost resistance 抗冻性112anti-corrosion防腐蚀113anti-carbonate抗碳化性114anti-abrasion耐磨耗115resistance to alkali-aggregate reaction抗碱集料反应116alkali-aggregate reaction碱集料反应117Deteriorate恶化118destruction破坏119previously以前、预先120budget预算121Guaranteeing担保、保证chapt5 Bituminous Materials序号英文单词汉语释义1Petroleum石油2Spray applications喷射技术 喷洒技术3viscous黏性的 粘的4cementitious胶结的5hydrocarbons烃, 碳氢化合物6soluble可溶的，可溶解的7disulfide二硫化物8Nonvolatile非易失性的；非挥发性的9Nontoxic无毒的10possess控制，持有、具有11adhere黏合12impermeability不渗透性13water resistance不透水性14roadways pavements道路铺面15roofing屋顶、盖屋顶16felt粘结17caulking堵缝、压紧、嵌缝的18waterproofing防水、防水剂19wallboard墙板、壁板20building paper建筑用纸、防潮纸21paints绘画颜料、绘画作品、油漆、涂膜剂22coating涂料，涂层23below-grade低于一般标准的24Tar焦油；柏油25pitch热解沥青，沥青26distillation蒸馏、净化27coal煤炭28undergo经历、忍受29destructive破坏的，毁灭的30distillation 干馏31condensate冷凝物、浓缩物32processing加工、处理33yield出产、产量、收益34 residue残渣、剩余35vaporize蒸发36refine精炼，提纯，改善37oven炉，灶，烤箱38be reduced to 分解为、简化为、还原为、减小为39Tar pitches 焦油沥青40built-up组合、拼合41waterproofing防水42underground地下43retaining wall挡土墙44dam大坝45experience经历、体验46fluctuation波动、起伏47withstand抵抗、反抗48brittle易碎的，脆弱的49cementitious胶结的50predominant主要的，卓越的51constituent成分52deposit沉淀；使沉积；存放53Natural rock asphalts自然岩沥青 54sandstone砂岩55limestone石灰岩56Native天然的，本土的，与生俱来的57lake asphalts湖沥青58Trinidad特立尼达岛59West Indies西印度群岛60silt淤泥，泥沙61clay黏土62organic有机的63Venezuela委内瑞拉64Bermudez贝穆德斯65Asphalt cements沥青膏，沥青胶结料，沥青胶泥66Cutback asphalts稀释沥青67Emulsified asphalts乳化沥青68Air-blown asphalts氧化沥青69flexible pavement柔性路面70insulation绝缘、隔离、孤立71canal lining渠道衬砌72subgrade路基73migration迁移，移动74sticky粘的，粘性的75quality质量；品质；特性；才能76consistency稠度77manufacture制造78separation分离79crude原油、天然的80solvent溶剂81diluent稀释剂、冲淡剂82Slow-curing慢凝83Medium-curing中凝84Rapid-curing快凝85volatility挥发性、易变、活泼86viscosity粘度87diesel oil柴油88cold laid pavement bases冷铺路面基层89kerosene煤油90diluent稀释，稀释剂91plant mixed厂拌92mixed in place路拌93naphtha挥发油94gasoline汽油95emulsifying agent乳化剂96Soap肥皂97water-soluble chemicals 水溶的化学物质98fine clay细黏土99damp 潮湿的100excess额外的101drain排水，消耗102eliminate消除排除103elimination消除，淘汰104distillates石油蒸馏物105pollution污染106suspend悬浮、推迟107susceptible易得病的、易受影响的108be washed off洗净109emulsion乳剂110contamination污染、玷污111oxidized asphalt 氧化沥青112Ductile可塑性、柔软的；易教导的；易延展的113joint fillers填缝料114mineral rubber矿物胶、矿物橡胶115Adhesion粘附；支持；固守；粘附性116Rate of curing 凝结速率117Ductility 延度118Aging and hardening 老化及硬化119Resistance to reaction with water 抗水反应性 水敏感性120Temperature susceptibility 感温性121Rutting 车辙122fatigue cracking 疲劳开裂123fluidity流动性、易变性124particular 详细说明，详细的，独有的，特定125Viscosity粘度，黏滞性126Penetration针入度；渗透、突破，浸入127Viscosity of asphalt沥青粘度128linearly成直线的，在线上的129viscoelastic粘弹性的130resistance阻力131measurement测量、尺度132Absolute viscosity绝对黏度，动力粘度133Kinematic viscosity运动粘度134constant常数135fluctuate波动、涨落、动摇136coefficient系数、率137rate of shear剪切速度138Capillary tube viscometer毛细管黏度计139Vacuum capillary tube viscometer真空减压毛细管粘度计140Vacuum真空 141truncate缩短的，平头的，切去顶端的，使成平面142sewing 缝纫的143Melt融化144Softening Point软化点145Volatilization蒸发，挥发146mix design混合料设计147workmanship工艺，手艺，技巧148thin-film oven test 薄膜烘箱试验，TFOT149rollin