L1 vocabulary.doc

L1. Thinking As a Hobby .vocabulary.1. acquaintance 相识；熟人；关系户；1） have a wide/ narrow/ circle of acquaintances.“结交广/不广”2） Have a nodding / speaking acquaintance with sb.“与某人有点头/搭话之交”*辨：know-make ones acquaintance.*Acquaintanceassociate(同行)friend- intimate（至交；密友）3） Have some acquaintance with sb./sth.了解/懂一些.Eg: I have some acquaintance with French.4） Make ones acquaintance. = make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人* Alas.-Alaska2. anguish .n.n. 极度的痛苦；苦恼;vt. 使苦恼vi. 感到苦恼in anguish. 在痛苦中the anguish at sth. eg: This is my anguish at the death of my dear granny.Eg: He was in anguish over his lost love.3. atheist n. 无神论者4. Budhist *Taoist; Muslim; Christian; CatholicsEg:Without sorrow none becomes Buddha. Buddhism was founded by the Buddha.* a Buddhist monk. Buddhist nun.5. bulge. n. vi凸出；隆起；bulge with sth.塞满 eg: The sacks were bulging with corns.l 辨：protrude-stick out.-bulgePractice:1). Look, a needle _of the sofa.2). The girls surname is “Bao-ya- zhen” which means she has _ teeth. Furthermore, her forehead is also _！3). She always carries a _ bundle of sugar canes back home at this season.6. centralized* centrecentral-centralize* centre（园） - middle. （狭长；时间） Eg: The central part of C.Q. CityIn the middle of the month/ room/road.After-school centre; shopping centre;Banking centre; body building centre;Bargain centre;(议价市场)Aquaticsports centre;Airway traffic control centre; ( 空中交通管制中心)Air-route traffic control centre.(航线交通管理中心)Airforce flight test centre. ( 空军飞行试验中心)* concentrate. v. n. 集中；浓缩Eg：Concentrate your attention on the study!7. compensation. n.补偿；*辩：compensate补偿：所受损失、遭遇的疾苦Balance-指两种或以上事物之间的相互平衡。Counterbalance- 比balance 多一层“抵消”的意思。即：为和对方保持平衡而抵消对方占优势的部分或弥补自己的不足。Practice: 选以上同义词填空：1).Mine hoists (矿井升降机) are usually operated by the _ of an ascending and a descending car.（Counterbalance）2). The company _ her for extra work. （compensate）3).Can you _ yourself on the skating-shoes?（Balance）4). The boys earnest effort _ his slowness at learning.（Counterbalance）5). Nothing can _ for the loss of time. （compensate）6). This side _ the other side.（Balance）8. compulsive.强制的；强迫的；难以抗拒的；冲动的；难以抑制的；eg: 1).a frightening and compulsive novel. 2).Compulsive drinking and sleeping are not good for your health. 3).a compulsive liar.（说谎者） 4). (n). cultural compulsives.( 文化驱迫力) 5). Have a compulsive desire to do sth.(情不自禁地想做某事)辨：compulsive.a.强迫的；难以抗拒的；compulsory.a.必须做的；必修的；9. confer. vt.授予；协商；参照；confer sth. On sb. 把授予某人。Eg: Confer a medal / an honorary degree on the hero.*近义词辨析： confer with交换意见； Advise with 征询意见； Consult with 向 求教； Parley with. 谈判; Treat for sth. 商议；Practice:1). The doctor often_ his patients.（confers ）2). The board chairman seldom _his employees.( Advise with)3). We knew little on the law therefore we had to _ an attorney. (Consult with)4). This time they had to _ the enemy reps during the cease-fire. (Parley with)5). The delegates from the new Labour Union _ the recognition of their union. (Treat ) 10. confront. vt.面对；面临；对抗* front- frontier“边界”（某国单方面提及的)-border“边界”（国与国之间的）辩：confront difficulties.(主动)面对困难；Be confronted with/by difficulties.(被动)面临/遇到困难。eg: When confronting with a horse, most people will pat it.The new bridge was confronted by the tsunami(=seismic sea wave.)Confront sb. With sth.使与对质. He confronted her with a choice between her career or their relationship.( 他要她在事业和两人的关系之间作出选择)11. contemplate. vt. 对周密思考; 凝视；contemplate on/ upon sth.对深思熟虑Eg: He was contemplating her in silence.Lying in bed, she was contemplating her future. 12. contempt.n. 轻视；轻蔑show contempt for sth./sb.藐视Eg: Never show contempt for a snivel-running kid.Hold sth./ sb. in contempt. 认为不屑一顾Eg: Small wonder that many voters hold those politicians in contempt.13. contradiction.n. 矛盾；否认；反驳contradict. vt.eg: contradict oneself.“自相矛盾” 14. conversion. n. 变换；皈依；eg: to convert defeat into victory.“转败为胜”15. current affairs.时事；=current eventsCurrent account.活期存款；l electric current. 电流； eg: The H1N1 flu was currently going around our college. 16. deficiency.n. 缺乏；不足；eg: If you have but moderate abilities, industry(勤奋) will supply their deficiency.17. delinquent. adj.失职的；违法的； n. (少年)违法者；eg: The captains delinquent behavior led to the loss of the ship.18. detestation. n.憎恶；厌恶的人；*hater “怀恨在心者”detest.vt. 厌恶；憎恨；eg:I do detest durians!19. disintegrate.vt. 分解；瓦解eg: The rocks are disintegrated by the frost and rain.20. disinterested. adj.公正的；无私的；uninterested. 不感兴趣的；eg: with a bored and uninterested manner, he is impartial and disinterested.l be disinterested in doing sth.“对做某事不感兴趣”。 21. draught. n. 气流； *drought. n.干旱；缺乏Eg: Close the window, theres a draught here.22. ego. n.自我；自负；自信心；利己主义；eg: winning this prize really boosted her ego.(获得这个奖大大增强了她的自信心)23. exalted. adj. 尊贵的；高尚的；兴奋的；eg: exalted state of excitement. 洋洋得意an exalted position in the firm.在商行的显赫地位。 24. flee. Vt& vi. 逃跑；逃避；消失25. gloom. n. 阴暗； v. 使变暗；*gloomy. adj.黑暗的；阴沉的；阴郁的Eg: 1). In the gathering gloom, I cant see her face distinctly. 2). The news cast a deep gloom over the village. 3). What are you so gloomy about?26. heady. adj. 鲁莽的；狂热的；任性的; 醉人的；eg: heady new / wine / current/27. hideous. adj. 骇人听闻的；丑陋的；* ugly; horrible.eg: a hideous face / building/ dress/ colour/ crime/ nightmare.28. high-minded. adj. 高尚/洁的；傲慢的；慷慨的；*high-pressured; high-priced; high-powered; high-speed; * high-way;公路； expressway高速路 29. hindquarters. n. 后退；臀部；P13.*hind- eg: hindlimbs;后腿；后肢； hindsight;事后聪明； hindmost;最后面的； *behind.30. hustle. v. 催促；挤；猛推；eg: The traffic & patrolmen hustled the thief into their van. 31. hypocrisy. n.伪善；虚伪；hypocrite.n.伪君子；虚伪的人；32. impediment. n.妨碍；障碍（物）；33. indignant. adj.愤怒的；不平的；eg: Being punished unfairly, the dustman felt indignant.Eg: The indignant passengers beat the pickpocket up. 34. integrated. adj. 综合的；完整的；无种族界限的；eg: integrated school（黑人白人兼收的学校）/ mill(大型工厂)/steel and iron works.（联合钢铁企业） *integrate. vt. 使结合；*A integrate with B. “ A和B结合起来”35. irresistible. adj. 不可抵抗的； 不能压制的。Eg: I felt an irresistible urge to cough.36. irreverent. adj. 不尊敬的；eg: Her irreverent smile made me unhappy.*reverent. adj. 尊敬的；虔诚的；37. lag. v. 落后；缓缓而行；n.延迟eg: He lagged behind us.38. leopard. n.美洲豹/虎；（金钱豹）l puma.美洲狮39. lest. conj. = for fear that以免；以防；免得；唯恐；eg: He tiptoed lest the guard should hear him. Eg: The mother was anxious lest her baby became ill.（母亲唯恐孩子生病而焦虑不堪。）40. libertine. n. 浪子；adj. 放荡的。41. majesty. n. 王权*Your majesty. 陛下；Her majesty the Queen. 女王陛下；*殿下；阁下；足下；42. masterpiece. n. 杰作；名作；l master Card. 万事达卡；l master key. 万能钥匙；l mastermind. 智多星；*master-mister.-mistress (=lover)43. Methodist. n. 卫理公会教徒；44. modest. adj.谦虚的；适度的；端庄的；朴素的；eg: a modest lady.(=not sexual.)45. monologue. n. 独白；独角戏；独自发出的长篇大论；46. muscular. adj. 肌肉的；强健的；47. oratory. n. 讲演术。l orator.n.演讲者；雄辩家；l oration.n.演讲；致辞；48. patriotism. n. 爱国心；爱国主义49. penal. adj. 刑罚的；刑事的*辨：penalty（“惩罚”- 犯罪） Fine. (“罚款/金”-犯规) Punishment（“ 惩罚”-一般错误）50. pious. adj.虔诚的；尽责的；孝敬的eg: a pious son; readings; effort;51. prewar.adj/adv. 战前的；在战前；* pre-表示“预先” #preman. eg:precook(预煮)；preheat.(预热)；prehistory(史前)；premarital.(婚前的)；52. Prime Minister. n. 总理；首相;l premier.n. 总理；eg: Premier Wen.53. proficient. n.精通；老手；专家； adj. 精通的；擅长的；有造诣的；* be proficient at/in (doing) sth.Eg: She is proficient at figure skating.54. prominent. adj.卓越的；突出的；显眼的eg: a paunch.(罗汉肚)； persons；（著名人物）； eyes；（凸眼）；55. remorselessly. adv. 冷酷地；无悔意地l remorseless. Adj.56. repetition. n.重复；循环；复制品；副本；repeat. V. 复述；重做；使再现；repeatedly. adv. 再三地；多次地；57. restively. adv. 倔强地；难以驾驭地58. Roman Catholics.罗马天主教徒。* Chritian.基督徒。59. rotten. adj. 腐烂堕落的；虚弱无用的eg: She is rotten to the core.(她坏透了) rotten weather / floorboards He is spoiled rotten.(他被宠坏了)60. rug. n.小地毯；eg: gold rug.(揩金绒布)* carpet; runner;(走廊、过道)61. ruinous. adj. 破坏性的；破败的；废墟的；l ruin.v.& n. 毁灭；废墟；*in ruins.eg: the ruins of the church / Lou-lan.*The buildings have become in ruins.#辩： ruin (渐渐