unit 3 A_Hanging.ppt

GeorgeOrwell 1903 1950 Penname pseudonymofEricArthurBlairBritishnovelist journalist socialcritic borninIndia educatedatEtonCollege servedwiththeIndianImperialPoliceinBurmaHisworkismarkedbyaprofoundconsciousnessofsocialinjustice anintense revolutionaryoppositiontototalitarianism 极权主义 apassionforclarityinlanguageandabeliefindemocraticsocialism 民主社会主义 乔治奥威尔 G R author 2 Orwell smajorworks NovelsBurmeseDays 1934 ComingUpforAir 1939 AnimalFarm 1945 NineteenEighty Four 1949 EssaysShootinganElephant 猎象记 1936 AHanging 行刑 1936 TheLionandUnicorn SocialismandtheEnglishGenius 狮子与独角兽 1941 ReflectionsonGandhi 甘地的思考 1949 InsidetheWhale 1940 Boys Weeklies 1940 Famousquotes Whocontrolsthepastcontrolsthefuture Whocontrolsthepresentcontrolsthepast Mindsarelikeparachutes theyonlyfunctionwhenopen Fourlegsgood twolegsbad HisInfluenceOrwell sinfluenceonpopularandpoliticalcultureremainsapparent withnumerousofhisliteraryconcepts andtheterm Orwellian enteringthepopularvernacular Pre readingQuestions Howmuchdoyouknowaboutcriminallaw Whatkindofpunishmentsincludinginournation Doyouthinkthedeathpenaltyshouldbeabolishedinacivilizedsociety CriminalLawinChina PublicSurveillance 监视 CriminalDetention 拘留 fixed termimprisonmentlifeimprisonmentthedeathpenalty puttingacondemnedpersontodeath alsocalledexecution capitalpunishment decapitation guillotine ChinaFrance TypesofDeathPenalty CutthroatespeciallyinRomanArena anothernameisRoman sPenalty Hanging Tearthebodylimpfromlimpbyfivehorses AsafamousrepresentativepersonofLegalists 法家流派 intheperiodofWarringState 战国时期 ShangYangwasadistinguishedstatesmenandjuristfromthenewemerginglandlordclass Shooting ElectricChair InjectionDeath GeneralIdea Thetext whichisadescriptivenarration relatesatruestoryabouttheexecutionofacondemnedprisonerinBurma Thewholestoryisfullofdynamic gruesome horrifying andmiserablenarrativedescriptionsthatareimpressiveandunforgettable StructuralAnalysis Part1 P1 theintroductorypart whichpresentsthebackgroundknowledge P2 14 thebodyofthestory describinghowacondemnedprisonerwasescortedtothegallows howhebehavedandwalked Part2 Part3 P15 22 formtheendofthestory atmosphereafterthehanging Burma n 缅甸 acountryinSoutheastAsia sodden adj extremelywetandheavye g soddenclothesclothessoddenwithrainrain soddenhairTheearthwassodden Wewerewaitingoutsidethecondemnedcells arowofshedsfrontedwithdoublebars likesmallanimalcages thecondemnedcells theverysmallroomsinaprisonwhereprisoners whohadbeensentencedtodeathandwhowereduetobehangedwithinaweekortwo werebeingkept arowofshedsfrontedwithdoublebars alineofonestorybuildingswhosefrontwasstrengthenedwithbothinnerandouterbars Eachcellmeasuredabouttenfeetbytenandwasquitebarewithinexceptforaplankbedandapotfordrinkingwater tenfeetbyten tenfeetlongandtenfeetwidebare adj empty squat v sitonone sheelsoronthegroundwiththekneesdrawnupunderorclosetothebody occupyanemptybuildingorlande g Theoldmanwassquattingdownbythefire smokingatobaccopipe Somehomelesspeopleweresquattinginthatdesertedhouse drapesth round oversth else hang cloth curtains acloaketc looselyonsth Elsee g Afurcoatwasdrapedroundhershoulders Dustsheetsweredrapedoverthefurnitureinthehouse summingupofParagraph1 Thefirstparagraphofthefirstpartcanalsobeservedasthefirstpartofthewholenarrativestory introducesthesettingandthecharactersofthestoryandbrieflydescribesthebadlivingconditionsofthecondemnedmen wholivedinsmallcells eachofwhichmeasuredabouttenfeetbytenandwerequitebarewithin warder n ajailer aprisonguard gallows绞架 handcuffn apairoflockablelinkedmetalringsforsecuringaprisoner swristsvt puthandcuffsone g Thedetectivetookouthishandcuffsandputitontheman swrist Thepolicemanpouncedupontheterroristandhadhimhandcuffedbeforehecouldmakeanattempttoresist lashvt fastenthingstogethersecurelywithropes etc tiesth firmlytoanother hit veryhardwithawhip sticketc e g Theslavetraderslashedtheslavestightlytotheringsontheboard Oliverlashedthehorsetogofaster Buthestoodquiteunresisting yieldinghisarmslimplytotheropes asthoughhehardlynoticedwhatwashappening Paraphrase Buthestood withoutputtingupanyresistance Heletthewardersbinduphislimparmswiththeropes asifhewerenotawareofwhatwashappening limplyadv oflimbs inasoft weakmanner inawaywhichlacksstrengthorenergye g Hegesturedandrespondedlimply forhehadbeenmuchweakenedphysically floatvi moveinair waterorgas driftslowly e g 1 Look Aredandyellowballoonisfloatingacrossthebluesky 2 Thearomaofthecoffeefloatedfromthekitchen Thesuperintendentofthejail whowasstandingapartfromtherestofus moodilypokingthegravelwithhisstick Paraphrase Theheadoftheprison whowasstandingatadistancefromtherestofus feelingsogloomyandsullenthathewaspokingthegravelwithhisstick prodvi topokesth withone sfingerorsth pointede g Theboyisproddingthesandybeachwithastick enjoyingitverymuch G R culturenotes Dravidian Dravidian达罗毗荼族人 德拉威人thetermappliedtoalinguisticallyrelatedgroupofpeopleinIndiacomposedmainlyofthetraditionallylowercastemembersofIndiansocietysuchastheTamil 泰米尔人 andmoreisolatedhighlandtribessuchastheGhats 高止山人 andtheTodas Attheslope左肩扛枪 军 puddlen asmallpoolofwater esp ofrainwateronapathorroad unspeakableadj usu derogatory indescribable thatcannotbeexpressedinwords e g Iwasshockedbytheunspeakablecrueltyoftheterroristswhokilledsomanyinnocentpeople Thewriterofthisnarrativepiecelaidbaretheunspeakablecorruptionofthegovernment Onhiswaytothegallows theprisonersidestepsapuddle WhydoesthisactionstrikeOrwellsopowerfully Hestillhashumaninstinct becausepeopletendtoavoidwhatwillthemuncomfortable justasthepuddleforhim Thisisironicbecauseheisabouttodie andyethedoesn twanthisfeettobewet What sthefunctionofparallelisminthisexpression Alltheorgansofhisbodywereworking bowelsdigestingfood skinrenewingitself nailsgrowing alltoilingawayinsolemnfoolery Thisdescribeshowamanabouttobehung actsasifeverythingisnormal Theauthorusesparallelismtoshowthereaderhowheisagainstcapitalpunishment onthedrop onthetrapdooronthegallows onemindless oneworldless Wewillloseamanwhocanalsothinkandreasonlikeusandwhoisalsouniqueindividuallikeeachofus 少了一个心灵 少了一个世界 Whatqualitiestheauthorhasthroughhissilentangry KindCaringHeartySincere 第8段中文译文真奇怪 在那一刻之前 我从来没有意识到把一个活生生的 身体健康的人置于死地是怎么回事 等看到那死囚为了避开水坑向旁边侧一步的时候 我发现了将一个正当壮年的生命戛然而止的神秘 那是一种无以言表的错误 那个人不是生命垂危 他活着 像我们一样活着 他身体里的所有器官还在运作 肠子在消化食品 皮肤在自我更新 指甲在生长 细胞组织在形成 全在一本正经地 愚蠢地忙碌着 他站在那块活动踏板上的时候 指甲还在长 当他从空中落下来的时候 他还有十分之一秒的时间活着 他的双眼将看见黄颜色的沙砾地面和灰颜色的墙壁 他的头脑仍然会记忆 预见和思考 甚至会思考那个水坑 他和我们是一起向前走的一群人 看见 听见 感觉 理解同一个世界 然而 两分钟后 突然咔嗒一声 我们当中有一个将死去 少了一个头脑 少了一个世界 convictn apersonwhohasbeenconvictedofcrimeandwhoisbeingpunished esp byimprisonment e g Alltheconvictsintheprisonwereduetobehangedinacoupleofweeks servileadj tooreadytoobeyothers lackingindependence e g Istronglydislikehisservileflatteryandhisservilemanner noosen aloopwitharunningknot tighteningastheropeispulled Whenthenoosewasfixed theprisonerwasblindfolded Theconvictedmanisfacingthehangman snoose Hisdebtswereanoosearoundhisneck e g reiteratevt sayordosth againorrepeatedly e g Theprofessorreiteratedhisproposalsothateverybodymightconsideritcarefully Hereiteratedtheimportanceofgoodhealthinhisspeech Ram罗摩 印度教最高神 Ramisthe7thincarnationofVishnu 毗瑟挐 印度教主神之一 守护神 andthecentralfigureoftheRamayana 罗摩衍那 epic TheRamayanistheverysoulofIndia ItisacompleteguidetoGod realization thepathtowhichliesinrighteousness 罗摩 印度史诗 罗摩衍那 男主人公 后成为印度教崇奉的神 为 罗摩派 所信奉 该派认为 只要虔信罗摩 并默念他的名字 便可得以解脱 对罗摩的崇拜在印度民间非常流行 正统印度教中罗摩是一手持弓 身后背箭的形象 tollvt ringabellwithslow regularstrokes esp foradeathorfuneral e g Thebellisbeingtolledforthedeathofthesoldiers faltervi ofone svoice waver speakhesitatingly act move orwalkhesitatinglyusu becauseoffear weakness orindecision e g Hisvoicefalteredashetriedtospeak Janewalkedboldlyuptotheplatformwithoutfaltering Thecommanderfalteredforsometimebeforehedeclaredthecommand danglev hangorswingloosely holdsth sothatitswingsloosely Ihaveabunchofkeysdanglingattheendofachain Hedangledhiswatchinfrontofthebaby e g danglesomethingbefore infrontofsb诱惑某人 吊某人胃口 近景悬挂致死图一张 revolvev ofaplanet etc moveinacircularorbit causeto goroundinacircle rotate centreonsb orsth Theearthrevolvesaroundthesunonitsaxis Thediscussionrevolvedaroundthemeasurestobetakentoeasetrafficcongestion e g oscillatev causeto moverepeatedlyandregularlyfromonepositiontoanotherandbackagain keepmovingbackwardsandforwardsbetweentwoextremesoffeeling behavior opinion etc waver Apendulumoscillates Peoplewhosufferfromdepressivesoscillatebetweendepressionandexcitement Thepriceofgrainslightlyoscillatedlastyear e g ladlevt servefoodwithaladleorinlargequantities distributesth too lavishly Sheladledcreamoverherpudding Sheisn ttheonetoladleoutpraise butwhenshesays Good shemeansit e g homelyadj plainandsimple ofaplace makingsb feelcomfortable Ahomelywomanisonewholivesaplainandsimplelife Itisahomelyplace whichmakesonefeelcomfortable e g jollyadj happyandcheerful livelyandpleasant delightfulorenjoyable e g Ajollypersonlaughsinajollymanner Weattendedajollypartylastweekend impulsen suddenurgetoactwithoutthinkingabouttheresults tendencytoactinthisway pushorthrust stimulus impetus e g Hefeltanirresistibleimpulsetojump Iamnotamanofimpulse Thegovernmenthasgivenanimpulsetoagriculturaldevelopment appealn actoftakingaquestiontoahighercourtwhereitcanbeheardagainandanewdecisioncanbegiven earnestrequest attractivenessorinterest e g Everyonehastherightofappeal Thepoorcountrymadeanappealforhelp especiallyforfood Doesjazzholdanyappealforyou garrulouslyadv talkingawayaboutunimportantthings e g Somepeopletendtotalkgarrulouslyabouttrifles Derivation garrulousadj e g Hebecamegarrulousafterafewglassesofwine 几杯酒下肚之后他便唠唠叨叨说个没完 geniallyadv kindly pleasantly sociably Ourteacherpresentshislecturesgenially Theoldladygeniallysmiledatthelovelychildren e g What sthereactionsofthewardersandonlookersafterthehanging Onefeltanimpulsetosing tobreakintoarun tosnigger IfoundthatIwaslaughingquiteloudly Everyonewaslaughing Thesuperintendentgrinnedinatolerantwaywe theauthorandwarders burstintoaloudchuckling sniggerv laughquietlyinawaythatisnotniceatsth whichisnotsupposedtobefunny偷笑 窃笑Whatareyousniggeringat Thisisaseriouspoem grinv smilebroadly露齿而笑 咧着嘴笑 e g e g Shegrinnedatme hereyessparkling grinandbearit toacceptanunpleasantordifficultsituationwithoutcomplaining咬咬牙忍着 默默承受 chucklev laughquietly暗自发笑 低声笑 偷笑 Icouldhearhimchucklingtohimselfashereadhisbook Whatareyouchucklingabout e g 1 Whenmydaughterheardshecouldn tgo wasnotallowedtogo shejumpedupanddowninexasperation withrage 2 whenthepartywasinfulltide thepolicebrokein burstin 3 Helenreachedoutandtookacup glassfromthecupboard 4 Parentsaremoretolerantof towardstheirchildreninpublicplacesthanathome 5 Thesestudieshavealreadythrownupsomeinterestingresults Thediscussionthrewupalotofinterestingideas 6 Itisn thumorous politetopokefunatyour one scolleaguesinpublic 7 Theroomcoulddowithagoodcleaning ifitis fordistinguishedguests 8 Althoughthelocalgovernmenthadalotofworries thefashionfestivalpassedoffsmoothly Thefashionfestivalpassedoffpeacefully despiteallsortsoffearsthelocalgovernmenthad ReadingthetextAHanging wecanfeelacutelythehelplessnessofthevictimandthecrueltyinterminatingalife Peopleholdsharplycontradictoryviewsaboutthelegalkillingofcriminalswhohavecommittedunpardonablecrimes Capitalpunishmentisstronglyobjectedtoinsomecountries abolishedinsomeothers butpracticedinstillothers Whatisyourviewonthislegalpractice Giveyourreasons You