PEP人教版六年级上重点词汇用法.doc

人教版六年上词汇用法总结六上 unit 1 1. turn v. 转动向左右转: turn left / right 打开: turn on 关闭: turn off 调大: turn up 调小: turn off 变成: turn into 翻过来: turn over 轮到某人做某事: Its ones turn to do sth 轮流做某事: take turns to do sth变红了:turn into red 把变成:turn into 反过来:turn over转身:turn around 在第三个转弯处:at the third turning转向某人:turn to sb2. left n. 左，左边 adv. 向左 adj. 左边的反义词 right 向左，右转 turn left / right = turn to the left / right 在某人的左侧或右侧 on ones left / right 在。的左侧或右侧 on the left / right 3. askv.请求；要求；邀请；询问搭配与句型: 1. 请求 ask for 2. 要求某人做某事 ask sb to do sth 要求某人不要做某事 ask sb not to do sth 3.请某人帮忙 ask a favor of sb = ask sb for help 4. 询问某人某事 ask sb sth 5.问某人关于某事 ask sb about sth 6. 谢谢你的邀请 thank you for asking me 4. get v.买；得到；成为；具有；到达现在分词 getting 过去式got 过去分词 gotten 短语： 到达某地 get to sp = arrive in / at sp = reach sp 得到一份好工作 get a good job 为某人去某物 get sb sth = get sth for sb 让某人做某事 get sb to do sth = let sb do sth = make sb do sth = have sb do sth 生气，发怒 get / be angry 穿上衣服 get / be dressed 与某人相处得好 get on well with = get along well with = go along well with = go on well with （指事情）进展地好 get on well =go on well 起床 get up 上车 get on 下车 get off 摆脱，逃离 get away (from .) 回来，返回 get back 获得一等奖 get first prize 结婚 get / be married 5. give v.给；递给；付出；给予现在分词 giving 过去式 gave 过去分词 given 短语： 给某人某物 give sb sth = give sth to sb 还给某人某物 give sth back to sb = give back sth to sb 放弃 give up = quit 放弃做某事 give up / quit doing sth 做演讲 give a speech 6. follow v. 遵守规则；跟随；仿效；跟得上短语： 听从某人的意见 follow ones advice 跟随某人 follow sb 以某人为榜样，效仿某人 follow ones example7. far adj. 远的 adv. 远地比较级 farther / further 最高级 farthest / furthest 短语： 远离 far away A离B 远 A be far (away ) from BA离B。远 A be + 数字 + 量词+ away from B 迄今为止 so far 拓展词汇：1. help v.&n. 帮助，帮忙帮助某人 （4个） help sb = do sb a favor = give sb a hand = give a hand to sb 帮助某人做某事（2个） help sb do sth = help sb to do sth 在某方面帮助某人 help sb with sth 随便吃某物 help yourself / yourselves to sth 禁不住做某事 cant help doing sth 不能帮忙做某事 cant help to do sth 在某人的帮助下 with the help of sb = thanks to sb = with ones help 没有某人的帮助 without ones help = without the help of sb 感谢你的帮助 thanks for your help 2. send: send v. 送，邮寄；打发；派遣过去式: sent 过去分词: sent送给某人某物: send sb sth = send sth to sb 派某人去请: send for sb 发射: send up 派某人做某事: send sb to do sth 给某人送行：send off发出；派遣:send out3.front: n. 前面；前部；前线 adj. 前面的；前部的区分：指在某物的范围内的前部 in the front of 指在某物范围外的前面 in front of 4.miss v. 错过；未见到；未听到；思念迷路 miss ones way 没能达到目的 miss ones aim 缺课 miss lessons 没赶上车 miss the train 没做成某事 / 错过做某事 miss doing sth 怀念曾做过的事 miss doing sth 我想你 I miss you 5. make v. 制作；制造；做；使(某人、某物）变为；显得；使（某人）做（某事）为某人制作某物 make sb sth = make sth for sb 用。制成 +(可看出的原材料) be made of 用。 制成（+看不出的原材料） be made from 由。组成 be made up of 被制成 be made into 在某地被制造 be made in sp 由。制造 be made by 让某人做某事（4个） make / let / have sb do sth = get sb to do sth make sb + n. 让某人成为.某人被让做某事 sb be made to do sth 让某人或某物怎么样 make sb / sth +adj 或介词短语 让某事被做 make sth done 让人理解 或（让某人被理解） make sb undertood 把时间约定在。 make it + 时间 充分利用 make full use of 嘲笑某人（和某人开玩笑） make fun of sb 确保，确定 make sure 下决心做某事（3个） make up ones mind to do sth = deciside to do sth = make a decision 让某人成为。（+职业） make sb +职务 整理床铺 make the bed 犯了一个错误 make a mistake 交朋友 make friends (with sb) 别拘束，随便 make yourself at home 赚钱 make money 六上 Unit 2 1. stop n.（公共汽车的）停车站 v. 停止；阻止；中断现在分词 stopping 过去式 / 过去分词 stopped停下来做某事: stop to do sth 停止正在做的事: stop doing sth阻止某人做某事: stop sb from doing sth 在公共汽车站 at the bus stop 2. wear v. 穿；戴现在分词: wearing 过去式: worn 过去分词: worn 穿坏: wear out 戴眼镜 wear glasses 区分： wear, put on , have on , in/ be in, dress , get /be dressed indress：穿衣，穿着。可用作及物动词，“人”当宾语;可用作不及物动词;get / be dressed表示穿着状况。put on：穿上(衣服)，上演。表示动作。 wear：穿着，佩戴。表示状态，包括穿着衣物、佩戴首饰以及留头发、胡须等。 have on：穿。表示状态，穿着衣物，不用于进行时态;也意为“有事;有约会”。 in / be in：穿。表示状态，其后常接表示颜色或服装、眼镜的词作宾语3. attention n. 注意，关心 短语： 注意某事 pay attention to sth 注意做某事 pay attention to doing sth 拓展词汇： 1. exercise n. 练习，习题;锻炼 v.锻炼，做操 短语： 做练习 do exercises 做早操 do morning exercises 做眼保健操 do eye exercises 做锻炼 take exercise 2. picture n. 照片；图片；画片在画上: in the picture 的照片: the picture of照相 ： take pictures / photos 给某人照相 take a picture / photo of sb 3.mean v. 意思是，意指单三 means 现在分词 meaning 过去式 / 过去分词 meantmeaning n. 意思，含义 对应词性变化 “有意义的” meaningful 。的意思是什么？（2个） What do you mean (by .) ? = Whats the meaning of .?打算做某事 mean to do sth 意味着要做某事 mean doing sth 。的意思 the meaning of . 4. across prep. 横过，穿过短语：1 过马路（2种） Go across the street = Cross the street 2 偶然遇见，碰上 come across 3 在。的对面 （2个） be across from = be opposite to cross v. 穿过；越过 n. 十字形的东西短语： 穿过某物 cross sth = go across sth crossing n. 十字路口，人行横道 同义词为 turning 指路时的句型有turn left/ right at the +序数词 turning / crossing = take the + 序数词+ turning / crossing on the left / right 词汇分析：across through over , cross a. across 常指从某个平面的一边到另一边，往往指穿过马路、街道等；b. through强调从立体空间穿过，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户、房间等c. over 强调从某障碍物上越过，往往指越过树、墙、篱笆和山脉等。Across 为 介词和副词 ，cross 为 动词 即 cross sth = go / walk / run across sth5.乘某种交通工具去某地的表达： 1） go to sp by +交通工具2） go to sp in/ on + a/an /the + 交通工具3） take the + 交通工具 to sp 4) drive / ride / fly to sp 六上 Unit31. visit v.&n.参观；访问；拜访 对应名词 visitor 参观者，拜访者参观某地: visit sp. = call at sp = pay a visit to sp.拜访某人 visit sb = call on sb = pay sb a visit 某人正在某地参观: sb is visiting sp.= sb be on a visit to sp. 2. dictionary : n. 词典，字典在字典里查. look up . in the dictionary 查字典 look up the dicitionary 3.space : n.太空；空间在太空中: in space 进入太空: go into space4. travel : v.&n.旅行 现在分词 travelling / traveling 过去式 travelled /traveling 到旅行: travel to 周游世界:travel around the world光比声音传播得快: light travels faster than sound5. half : n.半；一半 adj. 一半的，半个的 对应复数形式 halves 短语： 一个半小时 one hour and a half = one and a half hours半小时 half an hour 三个半小时 three hours and a half = three and a half hours 切成两半 cut into halves 。的一半 half of 区分： half + 名词 或half of + 名词 做主语时名词为中心词，谓语要随名词的数变。如果后面接的是人称代词必须用half of ，不能用half。在谈论距离，长度，数量和时间时，只能用half不用half of。6. price : n. 价格，价钱以高价出售某物: sell sth at a high price 以低价出售某物: sell sth at a low price给某物定价: put a price on sth 为某事付出很高的代价: pay a high price for某物多少钱？Whats the price? = How much be + sth?=How much do / does / did + sth cost? = How much do / did / does sb pay?拓展词汇： 1. look v.看，瞧；观看；看起来n.外观；相貌；样子照看，照顾look after = take care of = care for 看着look at 寻找 look for期待；盼望look forward to sth/ doing sth 看上去像look like 看起来一样 look the same 查找 ，向上看，抬头看look up 瞧不起某人 look down upon sb 尊重，尊敬某人 look up to sb 小心 look out 检查, 快速查阅,浏览 look over 查字典 look up the dictionar区分： find 只偶然发现，强调结果，无进行时 look for 指寻找的过程，与进行时连用 look for 2. leaf : n. （树，菜）叶复数形式 leaves 落叶 fallen leaves 枯叶 dead leaves leave v. 离开；把留下，剩下 n. 假期；休假当“离开” 讲时对应的延续性动词为 be away 单三 leaves 现在分词 leaving 过去式 /过去分词 left 离开某地 leave sp 离开去某地 leave for sp 离开某地去某地 leave sp for sp 把某人或某物留在某地 leave sth +介词短语 落后，没带走 leave behind = fall behind 把某人单独留下 leave sb alone 请假 ask for a leave 让某人一直做某事 leave sb doing sth 3. sound : n. 声；声音 v. 听起来；发出声音听起来怎么样: sound + adj. 听起来像: sound like + n.的声音:the sound of4. afraid : adj. 担心的；害怕的搭配与句型：害怕某物与某人 be afraid of sb/ sth = be scared of sb / sth = be frightened of sb /sth害怕作某事 be afraid of doing sth = be afraid to do sth 恐怕。Im afraid 恐怕是这样，恐怕不是这样 Im afraid so / not5. practice: n.练习 v.练习；实践练习做某事 : practice doing 熟能生巧: Practice makes perfect做练习: do practice 游泳练习: practice swimming6. remember: v. 记着；记住 对应反义词 forget 记得做某事: remember to do sth 记得做过某事: remember doing sth7. way : n. 路；路线；方式；手段问路: ask the way 问去某地的路: ask the way to sp. 去的路: the way to sp. 在某人回家的路上: on ones way home 迷路: lose ones way 在许多方面: in many ways这边走: This way, please. 生活方式: the way of living在去某地的路上: on ones way to sp. 去的路怎么走？: How can I get to?走错路: go wrong way 挡路: in the way 顺便问一下: by the way做某事的方法（2个）: the way to do = the way of doing sth 做某事的做好方法: the best way to do 用这种方法: in this way 六上 Unit 4 1. share v.分享，共同使用与某人分享某物:share sth with sb 某人分着享用某物:sb share sth2. hike : n.远足；徒步旅行 去远足 go hiking 3. idea : n.主意，想法，意见短语： 不知道 I have no idea 好主意 Good idea 改变主意 change ones idea 想出注意 come up with an idea 4. join : v.加入，参加；连接；会合加入某人 join sb 入党 join the Party 入团 join the Leage 参军 join the army 参加（活动或比赛） join in = take part in .与某人一起做某事 join sb in sth / doing sth 将.连接 join . to.5. amaze v. 使吃惊 amazed adj.吃惊的；惊愕的 （ 修饰人）amazing adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊异的 （ 修饰物）amazement n.惊异；惊愕句型： 某人对某事感到吃惊 sb be amazed at sth 某人吃惊地做某事 sb do sth in amazement = sb be amazed to do sth拓展词汇：1. sure : adv. 确信，肯定 adj. 当然，（口语）的确，一定对某事有把握: be sure of sth 对做某事有把握: be sure to do sth某人一定做某事: sb be sure to do 确信，确保: make sure（ 口语）当然可以 Sure = Of course = Certainly 2. live: v. 居住；生活；活着 adj. 活的，活着的；实况的，现场（直播）的住在某地 live in/on sp 靠做某事为生 live by doing sth 以。为食 live on sth 谋生 make a living 和某人一起生活 live with 。3. interest n. 兴趣，趣味 v. 使感兴趣interested adj. 感兴趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的句型：某人在某事或做某事上表现出/有兴趣（n） sb have / show interest in sth / doing sth .某人对某事或做某事感兴趣 (adj) sb be interested in sth / doing sth = sth make sb interested = sth interest sb 某事令某人感兴趣 (adj ) sth be interesting to sb 名胜古迹 a place og interest / places of interest 4. prep. 像；跟一样 v. 喜欢，喜爱A 像 B A be like B 看起来像 look like 想要某物 would like sb /sth 想要做某事 would like to do sth = feel like doing sth 想要某人做某事 would like sb to do sth 喜欢某人或某事 like sb / sth 喜欢做某事 like / love to do sth /doing sth = be fond of doing sth = enjoy doingsth 喜欢某人做某事 like sb to do sth 更喜欢做某事 like doing / to do sth better / more 更喜欢某人做某事 like sb to do sth better / more = prefer sb to do sth 5. teach v.教书，教过去式: taught 过去分词: taught教某人某事: teach sb sth =teach sth to sb 教某人做某事: teach sb to do sth 自学: teach oneself 教某人怎样做某事: teach sb how to do sth 教会某人一个道里:teach sb a lesson6. fly v. 放（风筝、飞机模型等） 飞 n. 苍蝇单三 flies 现在分词 flying 过去式 flew 过去分词 flown 短语：放风筝 fly a kite 飞往某地 fly to sp = go to sp by air/ plane = go to sp on a plane 7. talk v. 讲话，交谈 n.谈话，演讲和某人交谈: talk with / to sb 谈论某事: talk about sth 和某人谈论某事: talk about sth with sb 谈一谈:have a talk 六上 Unit 5 1. stay v.&n. 停留；逗留；待保持健康 （3个）: stay / keep healthy = stay/keep in shape = keep fit 熬夜: stay up ( late ) 呆在家里: stay at home2. use v. 使用，利用，应用 n.用，使用，得到利用；用途使用某物做某事: use sth to do sth = use sth for doing sth 使用某物:use sth 某物被用来做某事: sth be used to do = sth be used for doing 用光: use up 过去常常做某事:used to do sth 的用途，作用: the ues of习惯于做某事: sb be used to doing sth 充分利用: make full use of 做某事是没用的，徒劳的（2个）: It is no use doing/ to do sth = There is no use doing sth拓展词汇：1.too adv. 也，而且，此外区分： also too either as well Also 用于肯定句句中，情助be后行之前Too 用于肯定句和疑问句句尾，有逗号Either 用于否定句句尾，有逗号As well 用于肯定句句尾无逗号2. other adj. 别的，另外的 pron. 别人，别的东西区分：1） other + 名词 不定代词/ 疑问词 +else2） the other表示已知的两个（或两部分）人或事物中，特指的“另一个”或“另一些”，其后可跟单数或复数名词。the others(=the other+复数名词)指一定范围内除去一个或一部分后，“余下的人或物的全部”others(=other+复数名词) 泛指“部分”含义，用于已知的一些人或物中，除去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分another泛指不定数中（三者或三者以上）的“另一个”。other的位置是“数词+other+复数名词”，相当于more的用法；而another则是“another+数词+复数名词”。彼此互相（2个）:each other / one another 前几天: the other day每两天（3个）: every two days = every other day = every second day换句话说: in other words 另一方面: on the other hand一-个另一个:onethe other 别的日子: the other day 3. work v. 工作；（机器、器官等）运转 n.工作，劳动去上班: go to work 从事，致力于: work on 计算出，设计出: work out 失业: lose ones work = sb be out of work 努力工作:work hard 为工作/效力:work for 很多工作:a lot of work 一件工作:a piece of work下班回家: go home for work 有效:sth work 坏了:sth doesnt work区别: work: un job:cn 4. allow v.允许，准许允许做某事 allow doing sth 允许某人做某事 allow sb to do sth 做某事是被允许的 doing sth be allowed 某人被允许做某事 sb be allowed to sth5. try v. 试；尝试；试做单三: tries 现在分词: trying 过去式: tried努力，尽力做某事: try to do sth 尝试做某事: try doing 试穿: try on 试验: try out 尽某人最大努力做某事（2个）: try ones best to do sth=do ones best to do 试一试: have a try 尝试新的想法:try the new idea六上 Unit 6 and Recycle 2 1. angry adj. 生气的，愤怒的短语：1对某人生气 be angry with sb 2 对某事生气 be angry at /about sth 3 对某人的言行生气 be angry at doing sth 4 因某事对某人生气 be angry with sb about sth 5. 因某人做某事而生气 be angry with sb for doing sth 6. 生气 get angry 7 （某事）让某人生气 sth make sb angry 2. afraid adj. 担心的；害怕的搭配与句型：1.害怕某物与某人 be afraid of sb/ sth = be scared of sb / sth = be frightened of sb /sth2.害怕作某事 be afraid of doing sth = be afraid to do sth 3 恐怕。Im afraid 4 恐怕是这样，恐怕不是这样 Im afraid so / not 3. happy adj. 快乐的，幸福的，高兴的happily adv.快乐地，高兴地，幸福地 happiness n. 幸福；快乐 短语： 很高兴做某事 be happy / glad / pleased to do sth 对某人或某事感到满意 be happy with / about sb /sth = be pleased with sb / sth = be satisfied with sb / sth 4. worry v.担忧；困扰；着急 n.烦恼worried adj.担心的，烦恼的某人担心某人或某事: sb be worried about sb / sth= sb worry about sth/ sb一位焦虑的母亲:a worried mother 某事使某人担心: sth worry sb 别担心: dont worry5. wear v. 穿；戴现在分词: wearing 过去式: worn 过去分词: worn 戴眼镜 wear glasses 穿破了,穿坏: wear out区分： wear, put on , have on , in/ be in, dress , get /be dressed indress：穿衣，穿着。可用作及物动词，“人”当宾语;可用作不及物动词;get / be dressed表示穿着状况。put on：穿上(衣服)，上演。表示动作。 wear：穿着，佩戴。表示状态，包括穿着衣物、佩戴首饰以及留头发、胡须等。 have on：穿。表示状态，穿着衣物，不用于进行时态;也意为“有事;有约会”。 in / be in：穿。表示状态，其后常接表示颜色或服装、眼镜的词作宾语6.breath n. 气息；呼吸 breathe v. 呼吸屏住呼吸 hold ones breath 上气不接下气 out of breath 深呼吸 take / have a deep breath= breath deep 呼吸新鲜空气 breathe the fresh air7.hurt adj. （身体上）受伤的 v. 受伤；伤害；使疼痛；感到疼痛过去式 / 过去分词 hurt 某人伤到了身体的某个部位 sb hurt ones +身体部位 伤到某人自己 hurt oneself 身体的某个部位受伤了 ones 身体部位+ be hurt 身体的某个部位疼 ones 身体部位 + hurt 例如： 我伤了我的腿。我的头或我受伤了我的后背疼8.feel v. 感觉，觉得；摸，触过去式 过去分词短语： 感到某人做了某事 feel sb do sth = feel (that) sb do / did sth 感到某人正在做某事 feel sb doing sth = feel (that ) sb be (适当形式) doing sth 感到某事被做 feel sth done = feel (that ) sb / sth be (适当形式) done sth 感到做某事怎么样 feel it adj to do sth = feel (that ) it is / was adj (for sb ) to do sth 感觉怎么样 feel + adj 想要做某事 feel like doing sth = would like to do sth = want to do sth 9. hear : v. 听见；听说，得知单三 hears 现在分词 hearing 过去式 / 过去分词 heard听见某人做某事 hear sb do sth = hear (that ) sb do / does / did sth 听见某人正在做某事 hear sb doing sth = hear (that )