电子商务与贸易实务.ppt

ECANDBUSINESSOPERATION 电子商务与贸易实务 请用5分钟书面回答以下问题 答完后请在课后交过来 企业名称 规模 行业 产品姓名 职位 学历 就业时间你家里有没有计算机 能不能上网 对你的计算机应用能力进行评价 你所在单位计算机有多少台 有无网络 能不能上网 有没有网站 有没有信箱 利用率如何 你 以及单位 在与其他机构 如政府部门之间的文件交换是什么形式 政府部门有没有要求这你或单位提供电子文档 单位有没有计算机管理系统 如ERP 如有 利用水平如何 单位有没有集成制造系统 如有 利用率如何 WHATISEC 什么是电子商务 DefinitionsandContentofField ElectronicCommerce EC iswherebusinesstransactionstakeplaceviatelecommunicationsnetworks especiallytheInternet Electroniccommercedescribesthebuyingandsellingofproducts services andinformationviacomputernetworksincludingtheInternet TheinfrastructureforECisanetworkedcomputingenvironmentinbusiness home andgovernment E BusinessdescribesthebroadestdefinitionofEC Itincludescustomerserviceandintrabusinesstasks ItisfrequentlyusedinterchangeablywithEC PureVs PartialElectronicCommerce Threedimensionstheproduct service sold physical digital theprocess physical digital thedeliveryagent orintermediary physical digital TraditionalcommercealldimensionsarephysicalPureECalldimensionsaredigitalPartialECallotherpossibilitiesincludeamixofdigitalandphysicaldimensions Physicalagent Digitalagent DigitalProduct PhysicalProduct Physicalprocess Digitalprocess TheDimensionsofElectronicCommerce Amarketisanetworkofinteractionsandrelationshipswhereinformation products services andpaymentsareexchanged Themarkethandlesallthenecessarytransactions Anelectronicmarketisaplacewhereshoppersandsellersmeetelectronically Inelectronicmarkets sellersandbuyersnegotiate submitbids agreeonanorder andfinishtheexecutionon oroff line ElectronicMarkets Aninterorganizationalinformationsystem IOS involvesinformationflowamongtwoormoreorganizations Itsmajorobjectiveisefficientroutinetransactionprocessing suchastransmittingorders bills andpaymentsusingEDIorextranets Scope AnIOSisaunifiedsystemencompassingtwoorseveralbusinesspartners AtypicalIOSincludesacompanyanditssuppliersandand orcustomers InterorganizationInformationSystems Business to businessBusiness to customerIntrabusinesstransactionsOthers ClassificationofElectronicCommerce ClassificationofECbytheNatureoftheTransactions APPLICATIONOFECINDIFFERENTFIELD 电子商务在不同领域中的应用 Retailing ElectronicMarketing DirectmarketingCustomizationOnlinecustomerserviceElectronicshoppingmalls Intermediaries e g InternetMall Stores e g Amazon J C PenneyOnline ElectronicintermediariesGlobalmarketing Customerscanorderfromcyberstores24hoursaday 7daysaweekfromanyplaceintheworld 11 ElectronicMarket TransactionHander Shopper Purchaser sBank TransactionHandler sBank AutomatedClearingHouse Seller Supplier sBank ElectronicMarkets PrenticeHall 2000 ActiveElectronicIntermediaries PureelectronicmallCompany sretailingbusinessexistsonlyontheInternetElectronicdistributorstakefullresponsibilityoffulfillingordersandcollectingpaymentsElectronicbrokersassistthesearchprocessoffindingtheappropriateproductsandtheirvendorsPartialelectronicmallElectronicmallasoneofexistingdistributionchannels AidingComparisonShopping SearchhypertextfilesbyagentsSearchinaweb baseddatabasebothbyhumanandsoftwareagentswithinane mallComparableitemretrievalandtabularcomparisonComparisonsovermultiplemallsComparisonsasamultiplecriteriadecisionmaking InternetConsumersandMarketResearch TheImportanceofCustomers Competition fighting oncustomerstosucceed controlthe3CsCustomerscustomersbecomesaKing Queentosucceed findingandretainingcustomersChangeECisanewdistributionchanneltosucceed convincecustomerstogoonlineandthentochooseyourcompanyovertheonlinecompetitors Themajorpressuresarelabeledthe3Cs One to OneMarketing Relationshipmarketing Overtattemptofexchangepartnerstobuildalongtermassociation characterizedbypurposefulcooperationandmutualdependenceonthedevelopmentofsocial aswellasstructural bonds Treatdifferentcustomersdifferently Abletochangethemanneritsproductsareconfiguredoritsserviceisdelivered basedontheindividualneedsofindividualcustomers ConsumerDemographics 1998 VariablesInfluencingDecisionMakingProcess Age mostly21 30year old Maritalstatus 41 married 39 single Educationallevel 81 withatleastsomecollegeeducation 50 obtainedatleastbaccalaureatedegree Ethnicity 87 whiteinAmerica Occupation 26 educational relatedfield 22 computers 22 otherprofessionals PrenticeHall 2000 8 AnsweringcustomerinquiresProvidingtechnicalandotherinformationLettingcustomerstrackaccountsororderstatusAllowingcustomerstocustomizeandorderonline PrenticeHall 2000 21 TypesofCustomerServiceFunctions ToolsofCustomerService PersonalizedWebPagesusedtorecordpurchasesandpreferencedirectcustomizedinformationtocustomersefficiently ChatRoomdiscussissueswithcompanyexperts withothercustomers E mailusedtodisseminateinformation sendproductinformationandconductcorrespondenceregardinganytopic butmostlyinquiriesfromcustomers FAQsnotcustomized nopersonalizedfeelingandcontributiontorelationshipmarketing UsingonlinetechnologytoconductsurveysMoreefficient faster andcheaperdatacollection andamoregeographicallydiverseaudiencethanthosefoundinoff linesurveysAbilitytoincorporateradiobuttons data entryfieldsandcheckboxesinthesurveysEliminatingthedatareentryerrors fromquestionnairestothecomputer foranalysis Notsuitableforeverycustomerorproduct itisskewedtowardhighlyeducatedmaleswithhighdisposalincome OnlineMarketResearch OnlineMarketResearchMethod PoststrategicqueriestonewsgroupsPostsurveysonyourWebsiteOfferrewardsforparticipationPoststrategicqueriesonyourWebsitePostrelevantcontenttogroupswithapointertoyourWebsitesurveyPostadetailedsurveyinspeciale mailquestionnairesCreateachatroomandtrytobuildacommunityofconsumers AdvertisementinElectronicCommerce WhyInternetAdvertisement Three quartersofPCusersgaveupsometelevisiontimeInternetusersarewelleducatedwithhigh income whichmakesthemadesiredtargetforadvertisersAdscanbeupdatedanytimewithaminimalcost thereforetheyaretimelyandveryaccurate AdvertisingMethods BannersBannerSwappingBannerExchangesPaidAdvertisingandAdAgenciesSplashScreenURL UniversalResourceLocators E mailChatRoomsBBS ECinServiceIndustries TravelandTourismServices Bytheyear2000 closeto25percentofallbusiness tocustomerInternetcommercewillberelatedtotourismTheInternetisanidealplacetoplan explore andarrangealmostanytripIBM svisionofseamlesselectronictravelusingsmartcards TheEmploymentPlacementMarket Employersarelookingforemployeeswithspecificskills andindividualsarelookingforajobVeryvolatilemarketMovedtotheInternetMillionsofjobseekers hundredofthousandsofjobs RealEstate FromVirtualRealtorstoVirtualReality YoucanviewmanypropertiesonthescreenYoucansortandorganizepropertiesYoucanfinddetailedinformationaboutthepropertiesYoucansearch compareandapplyforloans TradingStocksOnline Costsbetween 7and 20pertransaction Vs 30 100intraditionalbrokerage NowaitingonbusytelephonelinesNooralcommunication lesschanceforerrorsPlaceordersfromanywhere anytime dayornightNobiasedbrokertopushyouConsiderableamountoffreeinformation ImplementationIssuesinBankingandOnlineTrading CyberbankingandPersonalFinance BankofAmericaSecuritySystem SecuringFinancialTransactionsApplicationCase SecurityatNationsBank BillingOnline Billers Suchpaymentscanbemadeintoanybankaccount Manypeoplepaytheirmonthlyrentandotherbillsdirectlyintothepayee sbankaccounts ElectronicCreditCardSystemontheInternet ThePlayers CardholderMerchant seller Issuer yourbank Acquirer merchant sfinancialinstitution acquiresthesalesslips Brand VISA MasterCard ElectronicFundTransfer EFT ontheInternet AnArchitectureofElectronicFundTransferontheInternet Payer OTHERE PAYMENT SmartCardsElectronicCashandMicropaymentsElectronicCheckSystems Auctions FromTheorytoPractice EarlyauctioningdoneonlocalareanetworkstheauctioningofpigsinTaiwanandSingaporetheauctioningofflowersinHollandtheauctioningofcarsinJapanAuctionsontheInternetstartedin1995similartoofflineauctions exceptforthefactthattheyaredoneonacomputersomelastdays othersashorttimedetailedinformationisavailablestartbiddingbysendinge mailorfillingoutanelectronicformnamesofbiddersarekeptcodedtomaintainprivacy BenefitsandLimitations BenefitsForsellerSellsgoodsefficientlySellsgoodswithlittleactionoreffortCreatesagreaterrangeofpotentialbuyersSellsexcessinventoriesquicklyviathisprocessForbuyersGetsahugevarietyofgoodsFindsqualitygoodsforlargelydiscountedprices LimitationsInabilitytophysicallyseetheitemsPossibilityoffraudLesscompetitiveatmospheremayprevailontheNet OnlinePublishing Theelectronicdeliveryofnewspapers magazines news andotherinformationthroughtheInternetOnlinePublishingTodayandTomorrowToday mainlyusedfordisseminatinginformationandforconductingsalestransactionsinteractivelyTomorrow includemorecustomizedmaterialthatthereaderwillreceivefree orwillpayfor VirtualTeachingandUniversities KnowledgeDissemination ManyuniversitiesareofferinglimitedcoursesanddegreesbutuseinnovativeteachingmethodsandmultimediasupportMBAprograminHongKonglecturesaredeliveredasaninteractiveTV iTV studentscandecidewhatandwhentheywantto attend thelecturelecture supportmaterial exercisesetc areprovidedontheWeb ERPANDBUSINESSMANAGEMENT 企业资源计划与工商管理Business to BusinessElectronicCommerce MajorConcepts Orderfulfillment DeliverrightorderontimeFrontofficeoperations Ordertaking advertisement CRMBackofficeoperations Accounting finance inventor packaging logisticsLogistics Managingtheflowofgoods informationandmoneyalongthesupplychain SupplyChain DefinitionAllactivitiesassociatedwiththeflowandtransformationofgoodsfromrawmaterialstoendusers Thebullwhipeffect SlightchangesinactualdemandcreateproblemsPartnersbuild justincase inventoriesLackoftrustamongpartnersStockpillingresultinhugecostThemanufacturerscannotplanproductionCannotordermaterialfromsuppliers SupplyChainManagement Definition Flowofmaterial information money etc fromrawmaterialsuppliersthroughfactoriestocustomersItincludes organizations procedures peopleSCM Integrationofthebusinessprocessesalongthechain Planning Organizing controlofmanyactivitiesActivities Purchasing delivery packaging checking warehousing etc ITasproblemsolver EvolutionofSoftwareIntegration CompletelyIndependentofeachotherMRP MaterialRequirementsPlanning Inventory productionMRPII ManufacturingRequirementsPlanningmoreintegrated MRP Finance laborERP EnterpriseResourcesPlanningAllfunctionalareasExtendedERP Includesuppliers customers FromSAPtomySAP com SAP TraditionalERP AutomateandIntegratetransactionsMySAP com webbasedcomprehensivesystemWorkplace apersonalized role basedinterfaceMarketplace onestopdestinationforbusinessprofessionaltocollaborateBusinessScenarios productsfortheInternetandintranetApplication hosing hostingWebapplicationsforSMEs EnterpriseResourcePlanning ERP ERP IntegratingbusinessprocessesandactivitiesinrealtimeSolvesmanysupplychainproblemsNecessaryformediumtolargecorporationsHelpfulalsoforsomeSMEsNeedtointerfacewithECordertakingsystemManagesallroutinetransactionsintheEnterpriseRecentlyextendedtosuppliersandcustomers PostERP 2ndGeneration 1stgeneration transactionprocessingorientation2ndgenerationincludingdecisionmakingcapabilitiesECrequiresdecisionsupportECrequiresbusiness