零部件名词中英对照.doc

零部件名词中英对照 中间齿轮intermediate gear(counter gear)副轴齿轮counter shaftgear副轴counter shaft变速器输入轴transmission imputshaft变速器输出轴transmission output shaft变速器主动齿轮轴transmission drivegear shaft变速器主轴transmission main shaft变速器中间轴transmission countershaft变速器轴的刚度rigidity ofshaft变速齿轮比（变速比）transmission gear ratio传动比gearratio主压力line pressure调制压力modulated pressure真空调制压力vacuum modulatorpressure速控压力governor pressure缓冲压力pensator ortrimmer pressure限档压力hold presure前油泵front pump(input pump)液力传动装置充油压力hydrodynamic unitchange pressure后油泵gear pump(output pump)回油泵scavenge oil pump调压阀pressure-regulator vavle电磁阀调压阀solenoid regulatorvalve液力变矩器旁通阀converter bypass valve速控阀governor valve选档阀selectro valve换档阀shift valve信号阀signal valve继动阀relay valve换档指令发生器shift patterngenerator档位指示器shift indicator(shift torwer)先导阀priority valve流量阀flow valve重迭阀overlap valve液力减速器控制阀retarder controlvalve液力起步fluid start零速起动stall start液力变矩器锁止converter lockup全液压自动换档系统hydraulic automationtrol system电液式自动换档系统electronic-hydraulic automatiec换档shift升档upshift降档downshift动力换档power shfit单向离合器换档freewheel shfit人工换档manual shfit自动换档automaitc shfit抑制换档inhibited shift超限换档overrun shift强制换档forced shift换档点shift point叶片转位blade angleshift换档滞后shift hysteresis换档循环shift schedule换档规律process ofpower shift动力换档过程timing换档定时property ofautomatic shift换档品质property ofautomatic shft换档元件engaging element换档机构gearshift操纵杆control lever变速杆stick shift(gear shiftlever)（副变速器）变速杆range selector变速叉shifting fork(gear shift fork)分动箱控制杆transfer gear shiftfork变速踏板gearshiftpedal变速轨（拨叉道轨）shift rail直接变速direct change(direct control)方向盘式变速column shift(handle change)按钮控制finger-tip control槽导变速gate change空档位置neutral position直接驱动direct drive高速档top gear(high gear)低速档bottom gear(low speedgear)第一档first gear第二档second gear超速档overdirve gear经济档economic gear倒档reverse gear爬行档creeper gear驱动特性drive performance反拖特性coast performance定输入扭矩特性constant inputtorque performance全油门特性full throttleperformance寄生损失特性no load(parasitic losses)performance原始特性primary characteristic响应特性response characteristic吸收特性absorption characteristic全特性total externalcharacteristic输入特性characteristic ofenhance输出特性characteristic ofexit力矩特性torque factor(coefficient ofmoment)过载系数overloading ratio变矩系数torque ratio能容系数capacity factorr几何相似geometry similarity运动相似kinematic similarity动力相似dynamic similarity透穿性transparency万向节和传动轴universal jointand drive shaft万向节universal joint非等速万向节nonconstant velocity universal joint等速万向节constant velocity universal joint准等速万向节near constant velocityuniversal joint自承式万向节self-supporting universal joint非自承式万各节non selfsuporting universal joint回转直径swing diameter等速平面constant velocityplane万向节夹角true jointangle十字轴式万向节cardan(hookes)universal joint万向节叉yoke突缘叉flange york滑动叉slip yoke滑动节，伸缩节slip joint花键轴叉slip shaftyoke轴管叉（焊接叉）tube(weld yoke)十字轴cross(spider)十字轴总成cross assembly挠性元件总成flexible universal joint球销式万向节flexible memberassembly双柱槽壳housing球环ball球头轴ball head球头钉button中心球和座centering balland seat球笼式万向节rzeppa universal joint钟形壳outer race星型套inner race保持架cage可轴向移动的球笼式万向节plunging constant velocity joint筒形壳cylinder outer race柱形滚道星形套inner racewithcylinder ballgrooves偏心保持架non-concentric cage滚动花键球笼式万向节ball splinerzeppa universal joint外壳outer housing内壳体inner housing球叉式万向节weiss universal joint球叉ball yoke定心钢球centering ball三球销万向节tripod universal joint三柱槽壳housing三销架spider双联万向节double cardanuniversaljoint凸块式万向节tracta universaljoint凸块叉fork yoke榫槽凸块tongue andgroove couplijng凹槽凸块groove coupling传动轴drive shaft(propeller shaft)传动轴系drive line传动轴形式drive shafttype两万向节滑动的传动轴two-joint inboardslip ddiveshaft两万向节外侧滑动传动轴two jointouboard slipdrive shaft单万向节传动轴single jointcoupling shaft组合式传动轴unitized drive shaft传动轴减振器drive shaftabsorber吸收特性absorption characteristic全特性total externalcharacteristic输入特性characteristic ofenhance输出特性characteristic ofexit力矩特性torque factor(coefficient ofmoment)过载系数overloading ratio变矩系数torque ratio能容系数capacity factorr几何相似geometry similarity运动相似kinematic similarity动力相似dynamic similarity透穿性transparency万向节和传动轴universaljointand drive shaft万向节universaljoint非等速万向节nonconstant velocityuniversaljoint等速万向节constantvelocityuniversaljoint准等速万向节near constantvelocityuniversaljoint自承式万向节self-supporting universaljoint非自承式万各节non selfsuporting universaljoint回转直径swing diameter等速平面constantvelocityplane万向节夹角true jointangle十字轴式万向节cardan(hookes)universaljoint万向节叉yoke突缘叉flange york滑动叉slip yoke滑动节，伸缩节slip joint花键轴叉slip shaftyoke轴管叉（焊接叉）tube(weld yoke)十字轴总成cross assembly挠性元件总成flexible universaljoint球销式万向节flexible memberassembly双柱槽壳housing球环ball球头轴ball head球头钉button中心球和座centering balland seat球笼式万向节rzeppa universaljoint钟形壳outer race星型套inner race保持架cage可轴向移动的球笼式万向节plunging constantvelocity joint筒形壳cylinder outerrace柱形滚道星形套inner racewithcylinder ballgrooves偏心保持架non-concentric cage滚动花键球笼式万向节ball splinerzeppa universaljoint外壳outer housing内壳体inner housing球叉式万向节weiss universaljoint球叉ball yoke定心钢球centering ball三球销万向节tripod universaljoint三柱槽壳housing三销架spider双联万向节double cardanuniversaljoint凸块式万向节tracta universaljoint凸块叉fork yoke榫槽凸块tongue andgroove couplijng凹槽凸块groove coupling传动轴drive shaft(propeller shaft)传动轴系drive line传动轴形式drive shafttype两万向节滑动的传动轴two-joint inboardslip ddiveshaft两万向节外侧滑动传动轴two jointouboard slipdriveshaft单万向节传动轴single jointcoupling shaft组合式传动轴unitized driveshaft传动轴减振器driveshaftabsorber渐开线花键involute spline未注公差undeclared tolerance未注倒角undeclared chamfer调质thermal refining端口port chamfer模数modulus齿形角tooth profileangle变位系数stand-off error齿圈径向跳动geared ringradial runout公法线长度及偏差mon normal跨齿数spanned toothcount高频淬火high-frequency quenching配对齿轮mating gear螺旋角spiral angle压力角pressure angle螺旋升角lead angle图号figure number齿厚tooth thickness螺旋线helix蜗杆worm齿轮gear齿轴gear shaft转子轴rotor shaft精度等级precision class汽车构造词汇汽车automobile拖拉机tractor铁路机车lootive有轨电车tram无轨电车trolley军用车辆military vehicle蒸汽机steam engine煤气机gas engine汽油机gasoline engine国民经济national economy国内生产总值(GDP)Gross DomesticProduction全拆散(CKD)Completely Knock Down半拆散(SKD)Semi-KnockDown改革开放reform andopening技术引进technical import国产化localization支柱产业pillar estate轿车car客车bus,coach货车truck,lorry公路用车road vehicle非公路用车off-road vehicle发动机engine机体engine body曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rodmechanism配气机构valve timingmechanism供给系fuel supplysystem冷却系cooling system润滑系lubricating system点火系ignition system起动系starting system底盘chassis传动系power train离合器clutch变速器gear box传动轴propeller shaft驱动桥drive axle行驶系running gear车架frame悬架suspension前轴front axle桥壳axle housing车轮wheel转向系steering system转向盘steering wheel转向器steering gear转向传动装置steering linkage助力装置power assistingdevice制动系braking system控制装置control device供能装置power supplydevice传动装置transfer device制动器brake车身body车前板制件front endpanels车身壳体body shell车门door车窗window附属装置auxiliary device货箱carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动(FR)front enginerear drive发动机前置前轮驱动(FF)front enginefront drive发动机后置后轮驱动(RR)rear enginerear drive发动机中置后轮驱动(MR)midship enginerear drive全轮驱动(nWD)all wheeldrive驱动力tractive force阻力resistance滚动阻力rolling resistance空气阻力air resistance,drag上坡阻力gradient resistance附着作用adhesion附着力adhesive force附着系数coefficient ofadhesion第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机two strokeengine四冲程发动机four strokeengine水冷发动机water cooledengine风冷发动机air cooledengine上止点(UDP)upper deadpoint下止点(LDP)lower deadpoint活塞行程stroke汽缸直径bore工作容积working volume排量swept volume,displacement进气行程intake stroke压缩行程pression stroke压缩比pression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃，敲缸detonation,knock排气行程exhaust stroke示功图indicating diagram汽缸体cylinder block汽缸盖cylinder head油底壳oil sump活塞piston连杆connecting rod曲轴crankshaft飞轮flywheel进气门intake valve排气门exhaust valve挺柱tappet推杆push rod摇臂rocker凸轮轴camshaft正时齿轮timing gear燃油箱fuel tank燃油泵fuel pump汽油滤清器gasoline filter化油器carburetor空气滤清器air cleaner进气管intake manifold排气管exhaust manifold火花塞spark plug点火线圈ignition coil断电器breaker蓄电池storage battery发电机generator水泵water pump散热器radiator风扇fan放水阀drain valve水套water jacket分水管distributive pipe机油泵oilpump集滤器suction filter限压阀relief valve润滑油道oil passage机油滤清器oil filter机油冷却器oil cooler起动机starting motor有效功率effective power有效转矩effective torque燃油消耗率specific fuelconsumption发动机转速特性engine speedcharacteristic节气门开度throttle percentage部分特性partial characteristic外特性outer characteristic第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套cylinder sleeve,cylinder liner发动机支承engine mounting活塞顶piston top活塞头部piston head活塞裙piston skirt开槽slot活塞环piston ring气环pression ring油环oil ring环槽groove活塞销piston pin主轴承main bearing主轴承盖main bearingcap主轴瓦main shell连杆轴承big endbearing连杆盖big endcap起动爪cranking claw带轮pulley平衡重counter weight发火顺序firing order扭振减振器torsional vibrationdamper第三章配气机构顶置气门(OHV)Over HeadValve顶置凸轮轴(OHC)Over Head Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC)Single OverHead Camshaft双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC)Dual OverHeadCamshaft多气门发动机multi-valve engine气门间隙valve clearance配气相位timing phase气门杆valve stem气门座valve seat气门导管valve guide气门弹簧valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气bustion mixture消声器silencer,muffler汽油gasoline,petrol分馏distil蒸发性evaporating property热值heat value抗爆性anti-knock property辛烷值(RON)Research OctaneNumber过量空气系数coefficient ofexcessive air理论混合气theoretical mixture稀混合气thin mixture浓混合气thick mixture主供油系统main supplysystem怠速系统idle system加浓系统thickening system加速系统aelerating system浮子float浮子室float chamber针阀needle valve量孔metering jet阻风门choke滤芯filter cartridge沉淀杯sediment cup泵膜pump diaphragm油浴式oil bathtype石棉垫a*estos pad预热pre-heating汽油直接喷射gasoline directinjection电控electronic control多点喷射muti-point injection单点喷射single pointinjection电路控制circuit control分电器信号distributor signal空气流量信号airflow signal冷却水温信号water temperaturesignal第五章柴油机供给系输油泵transfer pump喷油泵fuel injectionpump高压油管high pressurefuel pipe发火性ignition property黏度viscosity凝点condensing point备燃期pri-bustion period速燃期rapid bustionperiod缓燃期slow bustionperiod燃烧室bustion chamber统一燃烧室united chamber球形燃烧室ball shapechamber涡流室turbulence chamber预燃室pri-bustion chamber喷油器injector精密偶件precise couple柱塞plunger出油阀delivery valve调速器governor两速调速器two speedgovernor全速调速器full speedgovernor定速调速器fixed speedgovernor综合调速器bined governor气动调速器pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugalgovernor复合式调速器plex governor喷油提前角调节装置advancer飞块flyweight联轴节coupling粗滤清器primary filter细滤清器secondary filter涡轮增压器turbocharger中间冷却器intermediate cooler第七章冷却系节温器thermostat防冻液anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶pensation reservoirV-带V belt百叶窗shutter大循环big circulation小循环small circulation散热翅片fins第八章润滑系润滑剂lubricant压力润滑pressure lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication润滑脂grease机油压力传感器oil pressuresensor油封oil seal旁通阀bypassvalve机油散热器oil cooler机油尺dip stick加机油口oil filler曲轴箱通风crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次绕组primary winding二次绕组secondary winding热敏电阻heat sensitiveresistance点火提前ignition advance分电器distributor活动触点moving contact固定触点fixed contact分火头distributor rotorarm电容器condenser点火提前装置ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置centrifugal ignitionadvancer真空式点火提前装置vacuum ignitionadvancer辛烷值校正器octane numberrectifier中心电极central electrode侧电极side electrode瓷绝缘体ceramic insulator跳火间隙spark gap半导体点火系semi-conductor ignitionsystem晶体管transistor二极管diode三极管triode无触点点火系non-contact ignitionsystem霍尔效应Hall effect正极板anode负极板cathode隔板separator电解液electrolyte蓄电池格battery cell接线柱terminal电缆cable硅整流交流发电机silicon rectifiedA.C.motor转子rotor定子stator电刷brush风扇叶轮fan blade电压调节器voltage regulator第十章起动系手摇起动cranking电热塞electric heaterplug串激直流发电机serial woundD.C.motor起动齿圈starter ring电磁操纵机构electro-magic control第十一章新型发动机三角活塞triangular piston转子发动机rotary engine自转rotary motion,rotation公转orbit motion轨迹trajectory齿轮gear齿圈ring gear往复零件reciprocal parts动平衡dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系机械式传动系mechanical transmission液力机械式传动系hydro-mechanical transmission静液式传动系static-hydraulic transmission电力式传动系electrical transmission自动式传动系automatic transmission减速reduction可变速比variable ratios有级变速definite ratios无级变速indefinite ratios无级变速器(CVT)Continuously VariableTransmission一般布置general layout发动机横置lateral enginepositioning分动器transfer case,transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和smooth engagement分离彻底thorough separation过载overload摩擦表面friction surface摩擦衬片friction liner毂hub主动部分driving part从动部分driven part花键spline压盘pressure plate离合器盖cover plate分离杠杆release lever分离套筒release sleeve分离轴承release bearing主缸master cylinder工作缸working cylinder分离*release fork间隙调整clearance adjustment打滑slip踏板pedal踏板自由行程pedal freestroke踏板工作行程pedal workingstroke铆钉，铆接rivet双片离合器dual dislutch中央弹簧离合器central springclutch膜片弹簧离合器diaphragm springclutch非线性non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴（第一轴）input shaft,driveshaft输出轴（第二轴）outputshaft,mainshaft中间轴counter shaft倒挡轴reverse gearshaft常啮合constant mesh低速挡low gear高速挡high gear最高速挡top gear空挡neutral gear一挡the firstgear二挡the secondgear三挡the thirdgear倒挡reverse gear直接挡direct gear超速挡overdrive动力输出power take-off换挡shift啮合套sliding sleeve同步器synchronizer同步锥面synchro cone变速杆shifting lever手柄handle球铰链ball joint换挡拨*shifting fork自锁self-lock互锁inter-lock变速驱动桥transaxle加力挡low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器hydraulic coupling泵轮impeller涡轮turbine叶片blade液力变矩器torque converter导轮stator行星齿轮系plaary gearsystem太阳轮sun gear行星轮pla pinion行星架pla carrier齿圈ring gear第十六章传动轴万向节universaljoint,U-joint十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint*子yoke,fork十字轴spider,center cross滚针轴承needle bearing滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricating fitting,nipple等角速constant angularvelocity双联式万向节dual CardantypeU-joint球*式万向节Weiss typeU-joint球笼式万向节Rzeppa typeU-joint星形套inner racehousing球形壳outerraceshell保持架，球笼retainer,ball cage挠性万向节flexible U-joint无缝钢管seamless steeltube第十七章驱动桥主减速器final drive主动（小）齿轮drive pinion从动（大）齿轮ring gear伞齿轮bevel gear双曲面齿轮hypoid gear单级减速single reduction双级减速double reduction贯通式主减速器perable final drive双速主减速器double gear(speed)finaldrive轮边减速器wheel reduction差速器differential半轴齿轮differential sidegear差速锁differential lock轴间差速器inter-axle differentiallock托森差速器torque sensitivedifferential热处理表面处理、热处理关连用语英汉对照age hardening时效硬化ageing老化处理air hardening气体硬化air patenting空气韧化annealing退火anode effect阳极效应anodizing阳极氧化处理atomloy treatment阿托木洛伊表面austempering奥氏体等温淬火austenite奥斯田体/奥氏体bainite贝氏体banded structure条纹状组织barrel plating滚镀barrel tumbling滚筒打光blackening染黑法blue shortness青熟脆性bonderizing磷酸盐皮膜处理box annealing箱型退火box carburizing封箱渗碳bright electroplating辉面电镀bright heat treatment光辉热处理bypass heattreatment旁路热处理carbide炭化物carburized casedepth浸碳硬化深层carburizing渗碳cementite炭化铁chemical plating化学电镀chemical vapordeposition化学蒸镀coarsening结晶粒粗大化coating涂布被覆cold shortness低温脆性emtite渗碳体controlled atmosphere大气热处理corner effect锐角效应creeping discharge蠕缓放电decarburization脱碳处理decarburizing脱碳退火depth ofhardening硬化深层diffusion扩散diffusion annealing扩散退火electrolytic hardening电解淬火embossing压花etching表面蚀刻ferrite肥粒铁first stageannealing第一段退火flame hardening火焰硬化flame treatment火焰处理full annealing完全退火gaseous cyaniding气体氧化法globular cementite球状炭化铁grain size结晶粒度granolite treatment磷酸溶液热处理graphitizing石墨退火hardenability硬化性hardenab