虚拟语气liyanhua.ppt

Manyyearsagoabrilliantboylosthislifeforthesakeofsavinghisdreamgirl Hehadwrittenmanyapoembeforehedied Atruelovestory IfIwereanAcacia Iwouldgrowattheroadsideyoumustpassby 假如我是一棵芙蓉树我会生长在你必经的路边 IfonlyIturnedintoaskymeteor Iwouldbeacossyourwindownight 我愿化作天际的流星划过你暗夜的窗前 IwishIwerearainbowaftertherainhangingoveryoursky 我愿化作天边的彩虹悬在你雨后的晴空 把动作当作只存在于说话人想象中的 假设 或 推测 它表达的是怀疑 忧虑 推测 假想 想象或祝愿 TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 Grammar TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 Ifhehadn tdiedthen thegirlwouldhavemarriedhim 与过去事实相反 Ifhewerealive theywouldbehappy 与现在事实相反 Ifwemet weretomeet shouldmeet inheaven Iwouldsaytohim Iwouldn tbreakupwithyouevenifthemountainhadnoridge 假如我们在天堂相遇 我会对他说 山无棱天地合乃敢与君绝 虚拟语气宏观梳理微观把握 三个角度 虚拟条件句 if真实条件与if非真实条件 理解 三个基本句式 与现在 过去或将来事实相反 would一般用于主句中 三个注意事项 错综 倒装 和含蓄 几个 特殊句型 特别记忆 ifonly asif asthough 和wish同样虚拟 lest sothat一个目的 wouldrather 宁愿现在的 将来的终成为过去 It stime后的从句用一般过去时或should do 无论建议 命令或请求 还是奇怪 吃惊 我们坚持对should始终如一 Christmasisjustaroundthecorner Ifitsnowstomorrow we llhaveawhiteChristmas anEuropeansaid 真实条件 Ifitsnowed weretosnow shouldsnow tomorrow wewouldhaveawhiteChristmas 非真实条件 anAustraliansays if引导的虚拟条件句 IfIhadalotofmoney Iwouldbuyavilla IfI timelastnight I toseethefilmwithyou hadhad wouldhavegone Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery IfIwonthelottery Iwould If从句 主句 did be用were had done did be用were wereto doshould do Would do should could might Would doshould could might Would have done should could might 回眸高考Lookingbackentranceexamination 回眸高考 2010浙江 HadIknownthecomputerprogramme ahugeamountoftimeandenergy A wouldhavebeensavedB hadsavedC willbesavedD wassaved 回眸高考 2012湖南 Sorry Iamtoobusynow IfI time Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou A havehadB hadhadC haveD had 回眸高考 2012 山东 Ifwe adequatepreparations theconferencewouldn thavebeensosuccessful A haven tmadeB wouldn tmakeC didn tmakeD Hadn tmade 回眸高考 2012安徽 Gracedoesn twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe there shewouldn tbeabletoseeherparentsoften A livesB wouldliveC haslivedD weretolive 回眸高考 语境中体味 2013重庆 Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning I mgladwetookanumbrella Yeah wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe hadn tB haven tC didn tD don t 2013江苏 Ishouldn thavelaughedifI youwereserious A thoughtB wouldthinkC hadthoughtD havethought 语境中体味 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时 被称为 错综时间条件句 错综时间条件句 Ifyouhadn tlentmesomemoney Icouldn thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow 假若你不借钱给我 我不可能买下这幢新房 很可能现在还住在危房里 从句说明过去 主句说明过去和现在 1 Ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowB hadasked wouldhaveknownC askedhim knowD hadasked wouldknow 2 2013天津卷 IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore he abletospeakitmuchbetternow A willbeB wouldbeC hadbeenD wouldhavebeen 倒装的If虚拟句 假设条件虚拟倒装条件从句中有should were had三个助动词可以把if省略 并将这三个词提至句首 Ifitwerenotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties Wereitnotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties IfIhadhadtime Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain HadIhadtime Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain Ifthereshouldnotbesunlight people slifewouldbedifficult Shouldtherenotbesunlight people slifewouldbedifficult 1 Iabird Icouldflyfreelyinthesky A amB wasC areD were 2 itraintomorrow thesportsmeetingwouldbeputofftonextweek A wouldB shouldC couldD will 3 Whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank A BobhadwalkedB ifBobshouldwalkC hadBobwalkedD ifBobwalked 含蓄条件句 无 条件 的虚拟语气句子Awisemanwouldn thavedonethat 句子表层没有if条件句子 深层结构或上下文有表无条件的词 介词 短语 with without butfor 若非 incaseof 连词 副词 otherwise or orelse even if 分词 名词 形容词 代词 动词 不定式甚至定语从句 机动灵活看意义 Anymanwhoshoulddothatwouldbelaughtat Cookedalittlelonger thefishwouldbemoredelicious Totalkwithhim youwouldknowheisafrankman 还有but最含蓄 1 Withoutsunlight orwaterorair there nolifeontheearth AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbe2Butforthesnow we earlier AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived But 表示条件的结构 Would 动词原形 but except 现在时陈述句 表示同现在事实相反的假设 Wouldhave 过去分词 but except 过去时陈述句 表示同过去事实相反的假设NOTE Shewouldgainweightbutshe enough A doesn tB didn teatC wouldn teatD hadn teaten A Whydidn tHenrycome B He exceptshedidn thavetime A wouldhavecomeB willcomeC wouldcome 2011福建卷 Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution I it butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview A attendedB hadattendedC wouldattendD wouldhaveattended 这几个词 词组 表虚拟时 其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从句基本相同 即比陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态 wouldrather 动词过去式 be多用were wish asif以及ifonly的虚拟形式 退一步 海阔天空 3 Wish 现在 过去 未来 过去时 were 过去完成时 would could might V 1 IwishI abirdAisBwereCwillbeDare2 HowIwishthatI themoonsometimeinthefuture AhadvisitedBwouldvisitCvisitedDwillvisit asif though Clause 现在 过去 将来 did were 现在 haddone 过去 would 动词原形 将来 Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse Buthedoesn townitorprobablydoesn townitorwedon tknowwhetherheownsitornot HetalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself 2012北京 Don thandlethevaseasifit madeofsteel A isB wereC hasbeenD hadbeen 2 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 将来 过去时 过去完成时 过去时 1 Iwouldratheryou pay menow 2 Iwouldratheryou nottell herthenews 3 Iwouldratheryou come tomorrow paid hadn ttold came 5 Ifonly引导的感叹句 1 IfonlyI know hisnamenow 2 Ifonlywe follow youradvicelasttime 3 IfonlyI see himagainnextyear knew hadfollowed couldsee 现在 过去时 were 过去 过去完成时 将来 would could might V 1 要是就好了 Iwish Itis high about quite almost timethat定语从句用虚拟 谓语动词用一般过去式 或should 动词原形 但不能将其省略 不如过去式是普通 表示 早该干某事儿已经有些晚了 It sabouttimewewent shouldgo tobed 2012辽宁 Jackisagreattalker Itishightimethathe somethinginsteadofjusttalking A willdoB hasdoneC doD did 在forfearthat 以免 inorderthat sothat lest 以防 incase引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词用should could might加动词原形 注意 lest incase 从句中用should 动词原形 should可以省 Shekeptquietlesthe should disturbher Iwillnotmakeanoiseforfear that Ishould might disturbyou inorderthat和sothat主句是现在时其后的从句亦可用can may 动词原形 2012辽宁 Leaveyourkeywithyourneighbor youlockyourselfoutoneday A aslongasB eventhoughC incaseD asif 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1 表示要求 命令 建议的虚拟语气 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求1 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose advice suggestion proposal 4 demand require request desire这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 注意 如suggest insist用于其本意 暗示 表明 坚持认为 时 宾语从句用陈述语气 1 Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody obey therules 2 Heinsistedthatshe be seriouslyillandthat send tohospitalsatonce 3 Hesuggestedthatwe have ameetingatonce 4 Hispalefacesuggestedthathe be ill obey was besent have was 1 Isitnecessarythathe theexamination A takesB hastotakeC musttakeD take2 Itisstrangethathe youthis A wouldtellB shouldtellC hadtoldD hastold D B 考题点击 3 Hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable A tryB triesC musttryD cantry 考题点击 4 Shemadethedemandthatthejournalists atonceforIraq A leaveB leavingC leftD tobeleft 考题点击 5 Weareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting A shouldbeputoffB wasputoffC shouldputoffD istoputoff 考题点击 Subjectivemood If型Should v型类似if型 混杂条件句 各自为准 Were had should提前 省略if 1 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求 2 Itis necessary strange that wish asifWouldrather ifonlyItis high timethat Butfor otherwise without inthatcase 1 过去式2 过去完成3 could would might v 1 过去式2 过去完成 Should 不省 v 过去式 1 Would could should might v 2 would could should might havedone insistsuggest Homework PracticeFinishawritingpassage accordingtotheChinesegiven Jim刚刚做完左腿手术而被告诉一个月不能走动 他后悔如果前一天晚上没有玩电脑游戏 今天早晨就可以早点儿起床 也就不会因为怕迟到而撞倒致使自己住院了 妈妈也因为儿子没有按时睡觉而在责备他 同时Jim也在遗憾下周的运动会不能参加了 预想的400米冠军也不能得到了 虚拟语气 IfIhadsleptwelllastnightIwouldnothavebeenlateforworkIfIhadnotbeenlateIwouldnothavebeenblamedbyMr WangIfIhadnotbeenblamedIwouldbehappierIfIwerehappierIwould Pleasewriteitdownintheformofpoetrywiththetitle If tryingtousethestructuresofSubjunctiveMood Homework Should虚拟在名词性从句省与不省 可省动词宾语从句 坚持 insist persist 命令order command direct appoint建议advise suggest propose recommend要求ask require demand desire request其相应的名词形式后的主语从句表语从句同位语从句以及表达重要必要 important necessary essential urgent compulsory 急切 anxious eager 迫切 imperative 可笑 ridiculous funny 可惜 pitiful 的词后置的主语从句均用 should 动词原形It sessentialthattheprogram should beloadedintocomputer should一般不省意为 竟然 居然 表示说话人的 惊异 懊恼 失望 的情感以及可喜 可悲 可惊可疑强烈感情变化 常用结构It samazing odd古怪的 strange surprising annoying upseting embarrassing incredible disappointing apity ashame等 It sincrediblethatsheshouldhavekeptthesecretfromhimallthroughtheirlifetime Iregretthatyoushouldconsideritaburdentodoit 9 Itissuchajockthatyou lastnight andneversaidawordaboutittillnow A couldhavegoneB shouldhavegoneC mighthavegoneD wouldhavegone Ifonly和wouldthat后用虚拟语气 要是 就好了 谓语动词用一般过去时表示现在没有实现的愿望 用过去完成时表示过去没有实现的愿望 IfonlyIhadseenherbeforeshedied Ifonly wouldthat Icouldfly Wouldrather wouldsooner hadbetter wouldassoon justas后的句子虚拟 一般过去式表示现在或将来的愿望 过去完成时表示一个过去的愿望 Iwouldratheryouhadn tdonethat Iwouldrathernothavedonethat Iwouldratheryoudidn tleavetodayortomorrow Iwouldrathernotleavetodayortomorrow Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor you allright A areB wereC wouldbeD wouldhavebeen 15 Itishightimethechild tothehospital A issentB wouldbesentC mustbesentD weresent Iyou Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty A WasB HadbeenC WillbeD Wereifit tomorrow Iwouldn tattendtheparty A rainB rainsC hadrainedD weretorain 4 Jackcan thavearrivedyet otherwisehe me A wouldphonedB phonedC wouldhavephonedD hadphoned 3 Shewasverybusy otherwiseshe themeeting hadcomeB wouldcomeC wouldhavecomeD came Asif asthough 引导的方式状语从句或表语从句有时用虚拟语气 从句表示与现在事实相反 谓语动词用一般过去式 表示与过去事实相反用had 过去分词 表示将来的可能性不大用would could might 动词原形注意真实非真实 Iookatthedarkclouds ItlooksasifIt sgoingtorain Itlooksasifitmightrain 似乎有点要下雨的样子 Hewalksasifheis were drunk asif前主句省略Asifhehadseenaghost 鬼 动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 与现在事实相反用were或动词的过去式 与过去事实相反用had 过去分词或would could havedone 表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望 用would could might 动词原形 别无选择用should It shightimethey thisroad A mendB mendedC musthavemendedD willmendIfonlyI drivingbefore A hadlearnedB learnedC learnD wouldlearn 3 ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI inlove attheageofseven withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown 02上海 A wouldn thavefallenB hadnotfallenC shouldfallD weretofall 2 Ifonly引导的感叹句 要是 该有多好啊 IfonlyI ask thequestionnowIfonlyI see thefilmyesterday asked hadseen PracticeMakesPerfect 1 I help youwithyourworkifI be freenow butI mtoobusy 2 Ifwe leave twentyminutesearlieryesterday we catch thefirsttrain 3 Ifshe come heretomorrow she tell methat WeknowshewillflytoBeijingtomorrow 4 IfI see himtomorrow Iwillgiveittohim 用括号里的动词的正确形式填空 wouldhelp were hadleft wouldhavecaught came weretocome shouldcome mighttell see 5 IwishI see younow 6 IwishI have aroomofmyownwhenIwasaboy 7 Isuggestedthathe go thereatonce 8 Heinsistedhe send tothecity 9 Hisexpressionsuggestedthathe pass thetest 10 Sheinsistedthatshe nottake it hadhad should go should besent hadpassed hadn ttaken saw 11 Theideathatwe go toBeijingbyaircametrue 12 Itisnecessarythatthey finish theirworknextMonday 13 Itisimportantthatthey do itinanotherway 14 ItistimethatI go tobed 15 IfonlyI take hisadvicebefore should go shouldfinish shoulddo went hadtaken 16 IfonlyI be abird 17 Ifit be notfortherain thecropsshould would die 18 Helooksasifhe be anartist 19 ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshe study EnglishinEngland 20 I drathershe notvisit himyesterday were were were hadstudied hadn tvisited 3 Iadvisedthatyou thejobassoonaspossible AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish4 Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay beraised AshouldBwouldCmustDcould 1 Shesaysshe dratherhe tomorrowinsteadoftoday A hadB shouldleaveC leavesD left2 It salready5o clocknow Don tyouthinkit sabouttime A wearegoinghomeB ifsheleavesC wewenthomeD ifshehadleft 3 Robertwishesthathe businessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity A studiesB studiedC hasstudiedD hadstudied 4 Mr Lirequiredthecomputerequipmentreferred usedineveryclassroom A shouldbeB havetobeC tobeD tobeing 1 Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents twoweekstopreparefortheexam A giveB shouldgiveC begivenD wouldbegiven 2 WangLing oneofmyfriends isverygoodatEnglish HespeaksEnglishasifhe anEnglishman A wereB wouldbeC havebeenD hadbeen 9 Hewasverybusyyesterday otherwisehe tothemeeting A wouldcomeB cameC wouldhavecomeD hadcome10 Withoutelectricity humanlife quitedifferenttoday A isB willbeC wouldhavebeenD wouldbe 6 IfonlyI tomyparents advice A listeningB listenC amlisteningD hadlistened7 Whydidn tyoucometothepartyyesterday Iwould butanunexpectedvisitor toseeme A cameB wouldcomeC hadcomeD wascoming8 I dratheryou methenews A nottellB nottotellC didn ttellD hadn ttold PracticeCompletethefollowingpassagewiththeverbsinbrackets usingtheSubjunctiveMood Jimhasjusthadanoperationonhisleg Hewastoldhewouldhavetostayinbedforatleastthreemonths Nowheregretswhathedid Theaccidentwouldnothavehappenedifhehadnotbeensofoolish He notwakeup solatethatmorningifhe notstayup latethenightbeforeplayingcomputergames wouldn thavewokenup hadn tstayedup Jim smotheragreed Ifmyson getup halfanhourearlier he notride hisbikesocrazily Jim smotherblamedJiminfrontofthedoctor Ifhe follow adviceandgonetobedearlier he spend moretimeonhiswaytoschoolandhe nothit atreebythestreet hadgotup wouldn thaveridden had followed couldhavespent would thavehit Yes indeed Mum answered