机械设计名词术语英中文对照表.doc

机械设计名词术语英中文对照表A a assembly shop装配车间a back view后视图abnormal shrinkage tooth非正常收缩齿abnormal steel反常钢abrade磨，擦，磨掉abrasive磨损的，磨粒的，研磨料，磨蚀剂abrasive wear 磨料磨损absolute uncertainty绝对误差acceleration load加速负荷access door检修门，便门accommodate调节accumulative pitch error周节累积误差account for击落accuracy精密度acrylonitrile丙烯腈active flank实际工作齿面active tooth contour齿廓工作段active profile齿廓工作段actual number of teeth实际齿数actual pressure angle啮合角actual tooth form实际齿形acetyl乙缩醛，乙醛缩乙醇acid-resisting steel耐酸钢acme爱克米螺纹（英制）梯形螺纹action啮合actual number of teeth实际齿数actual path of contact实际啮合线段actuations传动机构，传动装置addendum齿顶，齿顶高addendum angle齿顶角addendum circle齿顶圆addendum element齿顶圆锥母线addendum flank上半齿面addendum line齿顶线addendum modification齿顶高变位量addendum modification coefficient齿顶高变位系数addendum thickness齿顶厚adhere粘附，胶着adjacent毗连的adjacent angle邻角adjust调整adjusted allowable bending stress修正的容许弯曲应力a double-reduction gearset双级齿轮减速器a finite life有限寿命a foundry shop铸工车间a front view前视图，正视图agitator搅拌器AGMA美国齿轮制造业协会air-cooled steel气硬钢air-hardening steel气硬钢，自硬钢algebraic代数的align定线，（直线）对准allowable bending stress许用弯曲应力allowable contact stress许用接触应力allowance允许误差，公差，加工余量allowance above nominal size尺寸上偏差allowance below nominal size尺寸下偏差allowance for finish 精加工余量alloy steals合金钢alloy tool steel合金工具钢aluminum-coated steel包铝钢aluminum steel铝钢a machine shop机械车间，机械厂an end view侧视图，端视图an exploded view部分分解图angle of action啮合角angle of approach渐近角angle of action作用角angle of contact作用角angle steel角钢angle tolerance角度公差angular bevel gears两轴夹角不等于90度的圆锥齿轮传动angular pitch齿距角anneal退火annealing退火annular有环纹的annular gear 内齿轮annulus gear wheel内齿轮a permissible error容许误差a permissible load容许荷载apex顶尖apex point顶点appliance器具，器械，装置application factor使用系数applied load外加负荷applied radial load实际的径向载荷applied thrust load实际的轴向载荷a prime mover原动机approach contact啮入arc-contact worm弧齿蜗杆Archimedean screw helicoid阿基米德螺旋面Archimedes spiral阿基米得螺线Archimedes worm阿基米德蜗杆arc of action啮合弧， 作用弧arc of approach渐近弧arc of recess渐远弧are element弧的元素，微弧area contact面接触a retaining ring 扣套，扣圈，扣环a secondary product副产品a secondary organ附属机构a sport shop体育用品部assembly装配车间，供装配用的零件at any instant瞬时at the expensive of在损害情况下，花费austemper奥氏体回火，等温淬火automotive汽车的，自动的，机动的automotive differential汽车差速器austenitic steel奥氏体钢austenitic alloy steel奥氏体合金钢，奥氏合金钢，高锰钢austenitic stainless steel奥氏体不锈钢auxiliary view辅助视图axial module轴面模数axial pitch轴面周节axial pressure angle轴面压力角axial profile轴向截面齿廓B backing off（螺母）松退backlash轮齿侧隙，齿侧间隙back cone背锥back cone tooth profile背锥齿廓backup 备用，辅助bakelite酚醛塑料，电木，绝缘胶木bar chart条图base circle 基圆base cone基锥base cylinder基圆柱base diameter基圆直径base helix 基圆柱螺旋线base helix angle 基圆柱螺旋角base pitch基圆齿距（基节）base radius基圆半径base tangent length 公法线长度base thickness基圆齿厚basic rack基本齿条basic tolerance基本公差bar steel型钢，条钢basic dynamic load rating基本额定动载荷basic static load rating基本额定静载荷bearing 轴承，支承bearing area支承，轴承bearing number轴承型号be found from the equation用下式计算beginning contact point开始啮入点beginning meshing point开始啮合点be inclined to倾向于be jacked up用千斤顶顶起belt sheave皮带轮bending strength抗弯强度bending stress弯曲应力bevel gear圆锥齿轮bevel-gear differential锥齿轮差动器bilateral tolerance双向公差blade刀身，刀片，刃口，叶片t blank毛坯，坯件blaster 喷丸，喷丸强化blend 混合，掺加blower鼓风机，吹风机，低压空气压缩机，增压机bore 钻，镗，孔，洞，膛，内径， 镗床，镗孔刀具bored hole钻孔，镗孔bottom clearance径向间隙bottom land 齿槽底面，齿根面boundary lubricant边界润滑boiling steel沸腾钢bottom view底视图Brinell hardness布氏硬度，压球硬度Brinell hardness of gear tooth大齿轮轮齿硬度Brinell hardness of pinion tooth小齿轮轮齿硬度brinelling 布氏硬度试验，测布氏硬度，轴承滚道上产生的压痕，静强度超过额定静载荷时brittle易损坏的brittle fracture脆性断裂broaching拉刀，铰刀broken-out section view局部视图bronze青铜building block标准元件burnishing抛光burr 毛口，毛头burr drill（牙）圆头锉，钻锥，磨石bushing套筒butadience丁二烯Ccantilever伸臂，悬臂梁cantilever beam悬臂梁carbon-nitriding碳氮共渗（法），气体氰化（法）carbon steels碳钢car dumper翻笼，翻车机，倾车机carrier臂架，系杆case容器，内部casting铸造，铸件，铸造法cast steel铸钢， 铸铁canoed锥体carburizing渗碳case hardening表面硬化cast irons铸铁cathoderay阴极射线，高速电子capped steel半镇静钢carbon steel碳钢，碳素钢carbon carburizing steel碳素渗碳钢ccw (counterclockwise)逆时针cease停止，结束carbon tool steel碳素工具钢carburizing steel渗碳钢case-hardened steel表面硬化钢cast steel铸钢cement水泥，结合剂，粘接，对进行渗碳处理cemented steel渗碳钢cementation steel渗碳钢center distance modification coefficient中心中变位系数centerline中心线central gear中心轮central plane中间平面centrifugal casting离心铸造ceramic陶器的，陶瓷的，金属陶瓷，烧结金属学chain sprocket链轮chamfer斜面，切角面，模，凹线，倒棱，倒角change gear变速挂轮characteristic function特征函数characteristics of support支承的性质chased screw helicoid延伸渐开螺旋面chord弦choral height弦齿高choral tooth thickness弦齿厚chrome steel铬钢churn搅拌器，剧烈搅拌，剧烈搅动chilled steel淬火钢，硬化钢chrome steel铬钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬钼钢chrome-nickel steel镍铬钢chrome-tungsten steel铬钨钢chrome-vanadium steel铬钒钢chromium steel铬钢circle at root of gorge喉底圆circular pitch周节circular圆形的，环形的circular helix圆柱螺旋线circular pitch周节，齿距circular thickness齿厚circumferential backlash周向侧隙circumference圆周线clash碰撞clearance顶隙，径向间隙clearance fit间隙配合close tolerance紧公差clockwise顺时针coarse pitch大周节code规则，准则，代号，代码coefficient系数coefficient of addendum齿顶高系数coefficient of axial addendum轴面齿顶高系数coefficient of axial clearance轴面顶隙系数coefficient of clearance径向间隙系数coefficient of dedendum齿根高系数coefficient of expansion膨胀系数coefficient of friction摩擦系数coefficient of geometric intensity of pressure几何压力系数coefficient of minimal offset最小移距系数coefficient of normal addendum法面齿顶高系数coefficient of normal clearance法面顶隙系数coefficient of offset移距系数coefficient of top clearance顶隙系数coefficient of transverse addendum端面齿顶高系数coefficient of transverse clearance端面顶隙系数cold-drawn冷拉（的）cold forming冷成形cold roll forming冷滚成形common apex分度锥顶点common factor公因子common normal公法线common tangent公切线compactness紧密compensate补偿，补偿器component组成元件compound epicyclic gear train混合轮系compound planetary gear train多级行星轮系compressive strength抗压强度compressor压缩机，压气机，压缩器computer-assisted simulation计算机辅助摹拟computer-generated plots计算机产生的曲线图concave凹的，凹面的，凹，凹面concentric同轴的，同一中心的concrete mixer混凝土搅拌器cone圆锥cone angle锥角cone distance锥距cone element圆锥母线coefficient of profile shift变位系数configuration结构，轮廓，配置conical圆锥的，圆锥形的conical helix圆锥螺旋线conjugate curves共轭曲线conjugate flanks共轭齿面conjugate profiles共轭齿廓conjugate surfaces共轭曲面conjugate teeth profiles共轭齿廓conjunction结合，联合consistent贯的，坚实的constant chord固定弦constant chord height固定弦齿高constant chord thickness固定弦齿厚constant clearance等顶隙constitute构成，组成，设立，制定，指定constrained被强迫的，约束的constrained motion约束运动construct作几何图contact of teeth flanks齿面接触contact ratio重迭系数，接触比，重合度contact stress接触应力contact surface接触表面contingent偶然的，有条件的continuous action连续传动contour齿廓contrate gear端面齿盘convention凡例，图例convenient合适的convex凸的，凸面的convexo-convex双凸面的convexo-concave凸凹形的convey输送机，输送设备coil圈copying cutter仿形刀具copying method仿形法cord细绳，粗线core核心， 芯子correction修形counterclockwise逆时针countershaft副轴，中间轴corresponding flanks同侧齿面cold-drawn steel冷拉钢cold-rolled steel冷轧钢材common straight carbon steel普通碳素钢corrosion-resistant steel耐蚀钢counterpart rack铲形齿条creeper带形输送器，无极链，定速运送器crest齿顶crest line脊线crest width齿顶厚critical临界的critical angle临界角critical part主要机件，要害要件crossed helical gear螺旋齿轮crosshatching交叉线，画阴影cross-sectional横断面，横截面crowing彭形修整crown gear冠轮cryogenic properties低温性质curtate epicycloid短幅外摆线culmination达到顶点，达到极点，顶点curate cycloid短幅摆线curtate hypocycloid短幅内摆线curvature弯曲，弯曲部分，曲率curve曲线，弯曲，弯曲部分curved teeth bevel gear弧齿圆锥齿轮cutaway剖面图，部分被切掉的，剖面的cutter用于切割的器械，如刀具，切草机，截煤机cutting切，割，削cutting accuracy切削精度cutting pressure angle切削啮合角cutter edge刀具侧缘cutting pitch circle切削节圆cutter interference刀具干涉cutter module刀具模数cw顺时针cyanided steel氰化钢cyaniding氰化，低碳钢在氰化钠或氰化钾中加热，其硬度高于渗碳cycloidal摆线的，圆表线的，摆线cycloidal gear摆线齿轮cycloidal tooth profile摆线齿廓cylinder element圆柱母线cylindrical lantern gear圆柱针轮cylindrical gear圆柱齿轮cylindrical lantern pinion an wheel圆柱针轮小齿轮及其配对的大齿轮cylindrical rack圆柱形齿条cylindrical worm圆柱蜗轮cylindroid圆柱形曲面Ddata pertinent to the design of a new machine有关新机器设计的资料datum line基准面datum plane基准平面decarburizing脱碳dedendum齿根高dedendum angle齿根角dedendum circle齿根圆dedendum flank下半齿面dedendum line 齿根条dedendum thickness齿根厚deform损坏的形状，使变形deformed形状损坏的，变了形的，畸形的demand负荷denominator标准department车间depth 齿高describing circle形成圆design codes设计准则design criteria设计准则design decision设计规程design life设计寿命，工作寿命design parameter设计参数design requirements设计要求deviate背离，偏离， 使背离，使偏离deviation背离，偏离devise设计dead-hard steel极硬钢dead-melted steel镇静钢deep-hardening steel深硬化钢diagonal对角线的，对顶的，斜的，斜纹的dial刻度盘，标度盘diameter at root of gorge喉底圆半径diameter of addendum 齿顶圆直径diameter pitch径节diametral直径的diametral pitch径节diametral quotient直径系数dictate支配die casting压铸法，硬模铸造differential差速器，分速器differential case差动齿轮箱differential coefficient微分系数differential gear差动齿轮differential gear train差动轮系differential housing差动齿轮箱dimension尺寸，量纲dirt污物discrepancy脱节disengage解开，使脱离，松开disk milling-cutter盘铣刀dispense自动售货机displacement pump往复式泵，活塞泵，柱塞泵dissipation消耗distortion失真，扭曲，变形distributor分配器disturb干扰，妨碍domestic家里的，国产的，自己制造的double enveloping worm gear pair双包络蜗轮副double helical gear人字齿轮double helical gears人字齿轮传动double-threaded worm双头蜗杆down time停工期drain plug放油塞，螺塞drawn拉制的drawing board图板，制图板drawing paper绘图纸drill钻床，播种机drill press钻床drive ratio传动比driven gear从动齿轮driving gear主动齿轮drum鼓轮，圆筒，滚筒ductile易拉长的，可延展的，可锻的ductile iron高强度铸铁，球墨铸铁dumper翻斗车，自卸货车，翻车机，倾斜车ductility塑性，可延展性，可锻性，可淬性durability耐用，持久duty cycle工作循环dynamic factor动载系数Eeccentricity偏心率，偏心距，偏心度，离心率edge边缘effective facewidth有效齿宽effective length of contact line实际啮合线段长度effective length of line of action实际啮合线段长度effort作用力elastomer弹性体，弹料，弹胶物element元素elastic coefficient弹性影响系数elastic limit弹性极限elasticity弹性，弹力elastic limit弹性极限elementary基本的，初级的，基础的eliminate排除，消除elongation延伸率elliptical gear椭圆齿轮elongation拉长，伸长，延长，延伸率empirical经验的，经验主义的，单凭经验的empirical formula经验公式，试验式enclose圈住，关闭住enclosure围绕，封入，围栏，附件，包入物end contact point终止啮合点end meshing point终止啮合点end milling-cutter端铣刀end relief 齿端倒角，端卸载engage啮合，使啮合engagement啮合，接合engagement factor重迭系数，接触比，重合度endurance limit疲劳极限，持久限envelope包络enveloping worm环面蜗杆enveloping worm wheel包络蜗轮epicycle周转的epicyclic gear行星齿轮epicyclic reduction gear unit行星齿轮减速器epicycle train周转轮系，行星轮系epicyclic gear train周转轮系，行星轮系epitrochoid长短幅内摆线epicycloid外摆线equal clearance 等顶隙equation of engagement with zero backlash无齿侧间隙啮合方程式，无侧隙啮合方程equilibrium平衡equivalent当量equivalent cylinder gear当量圆柱齿轮equivalent load当量载荷equivalent number of teeth当量齿数equivalent spur gear当量直齿轮extended center distance system of modified gearing正变位齿轮传动eutectic steel共晶钢eutectoid steel共析钢exact精确的expected life期望寿命external gear外齿轮external gear pair外啮合齿轮副external gears外啮合齿轮传动exert施加压力experience经验extend延伸extension附加部分，增设部分，扩大部分extensive外延的extent广度，宽度，长度，范围，程度，限度external外部的externally在外部，从外部，在外面extra-fine steel优质钢extra-high tensile steel特高强度钢extra-soft steel特软钢extreme gear终端齿轮extreme pressure极压extreme pressure additive极压添压剂extreme pressure lubricant极压润滑剂extrude挤压成形extrusion挤压Ffabricate制作，装配，组合face齿顶面，齿面face cone顶锥face angle齿顶圆锥角face gear冠轮face width齿宽facilitate推进factor系数factor of safety安全系数factoring approach因子分解法fatigue load疲劳载荷fatigue strength疲劳强度fatigue stress-concentration factor疲劳应力集中系数face-contact ratio 齿面接触比ferrite steel铁素体钢ferrous and nonferrous黑色及有色金属filler装填者，装填物，掺入物，填料fillet齿根过渡曲面，嵌条，（内）圆角fillet radius齿根圆角半径final contact point终止啮合点fine steel优质钢fine pitch小周节finger milling-cutter指状铣刀finish抛光finish-ground =ground finish磨光finishing精加工fit tolerance配合公差fitting安装fixture装置，工件夹具flame hardening火焰淬火flame or induction hardened火焰或感应淬火flange法兰，凸缘flank齿面， 齿根面flat-rolled steel扁钢flexibility挠性，柔性，机动性，灵活性flexural弯曲，挠曲fluctuate波动，起伏follower从动件， 随动件force fit强力配合forced fit强力配合forge锻造forged steel锻钢form cutters成形刀具，成形铣刀，样板铣刀form cutting成形切削formed steel型钢form factor齿形系数forming成形，成形法form milling-cutter仿形铣刀formula公式formulation公式，配方，配制fouling内齿轮传动中的齿廓重迭干涉fracture断裂，断口，裂纹free body孤立体，自由体from the geometry of the figure we see从图中的几何关系我们可以看出full annealing完全退火full-deoxidized steel全脱氧钢full depth正常全齿高full-film lubricant完全液体润滑full-hardened steel全（淬）硬钢function运行，作用fundamental基本的，基础的，根本的fundamental law of gearing齿廓啮合基本定律fundamental law of gear-tooth action齿廓啮合基本定律fundamental基本原则，基本原理，根本法则，根本规律 Ggage tolerance量规公差gash切口，裂缝gear齿轮，齿轮传动装置gear blank齿轮毛坯，齿坯gear box齿轮箱，（汽车的）变速箱gear case齿轮箱gear chamfering齿轮倒角gear cutting hob齿轮滚刀gear drive齿轮传动gear-form generating cutter齿轮形插刀gear grinding磨齿机gear outline齿轮外形gear pair齿轮副gear pair with intersecting axes相交轴齿轮副gear pair with modified center distance非标准中心距的变位齿轮副gear pair with nonparallel nonintersecting axes不平行不相交轴（交错轴）齿轮副gear ratio 齿数比gear pair with parallel axes平行轴齿轮副gear pair with skew axes交错轴齿轮副gear shaper插齿机，刨齿机gear-shaper cutter齿轮插刀gear shaped slotting tool齿轮插刀gear shaping插齿，刨齿gear shaving剃齿机gear shaving cutter剃齿刀gear teeth轮齿gear train齿轮系gear transmission齿轮传动gear wheel大齿轮gearing齿轮传动generant of the toroid圆环面的母圆generating action范成作用generating circle母圆，发生圆generating cone基锥generating cutters范成刀具generating cutting范成切削generating cutting tool范成刀具generating line发生线，母线generating method范成法generating plane发生面generation worm wheel包络蜗轮generator发电机，发生器，加速器geometric(al) factor几何因素geometry factor几何（形状）系数Gleason spiral bevel gear格里森制螺旋圆锥齿轮（弧齿圆锥齿轮）globoid worm球面蜗杆gorge蜗轮的喉面gorge radius喉面半径gouge凿，凿孔govern影响，支配grade等级 graph线图graphical=graphic图的，图解的，图示的graphical plot图表，图象graphitizable steel石墨化钢gray cast iron灰铸铁grinder磨碎机grinding研磨，磨削grit粗砂，金属锯屑， 磨料，硬渣ground研磨guard against防止，防死，警惕guidance制导guideline准则，指标gyroscope陀螺仪，回转仪Hhalf-hard steel中硬钢hardenability可硬化性，可硬化度，可淬性hardened steel淬火钢，渗碳钢hardening淬火handling运输，处理，装卸hard drawn冷拉（的）harmmered steel锻钢harmonic gear transmission谐波齿轮传动harmony调和，协调hardness硬度hard rolling滚压硬化harvester收割机hasten促进，加速heat(-resisting) steel耐热钢heat treatment热处理heavy韧性的helical rack斜齿条helicoid螺旋面，螺旋体，螺旋状的helix螺旋线heavy drive fit重推入配合helical gear斜齿轮helical gear with circular-arc tooth profile圆弧齿轮helical gear with double circular-arc tooth profile双圆弧齿轮helical bevel gear螺旋圆锥齿轮helix angle螺旋角helix angle of base cylinder基圆柱螺旋角helix angle of reference cylinder分度圆柱螺旋角herringbone人字形，人字形的herringbone gear人字齿轮hexagonal steel六角钢high-alloy steels高合金钢high-carbon steel高碳钢high-grade steel高级钢，优质钢high-performance高性能，高特性high-speed steel高速钢high-speed tool steel高速工具钢high steel高碳钢high-temper steel微硬化钢high-temperature steel耐热钢high-tensile steel高强度钢high-tensile structural steel高强度结构钢hindley-worm直线型环面蜗杆hob齿轮滚齿法，滚齿，滚刀hobbing滚齿hobbing machine滚齿机location tolerance位置公差，安装公差hoist起重机，升降机，卷扬机hole tolerance孔公差hollow steel空心钢honing珩磨机，珩磨hot die steel热锻模钢hot drawn热拉（的）hourglass沙漏，水漏，环形蜗杆housing套，壳体，支架，机架，垫圈，孔，槽，罩，屏蔽罩，塞孔h-section steel工字钢hydraulic水力的，液力的，水压的，液压的hyperboloid双曲面hypereutectoid steel过共析钢hypotrochoid长短幅外摆线hypocycloid内摆线hypo-eutectoid steel亚共析钢hypoid gear偏轴伞齿轮hypoid gear(s)准双曲面齿轮，偏轴伞齿轮hypoid gears用于不相交轴，且轮齿是弯曲的hypotenuse弦，斜边hypotenuse of a right angle直角三角形的斜边Iidentical统一的，完全相同的，恒等的identification识别，鉴定idler惰轮idler gear惰轮idler wheel惰轮illustrative用作说明的，解说性的，作为例证的impact strength冲击强度impact toughness冲击韧性implement工具，器具inaccuracy不精确，不精密，不精确性，不精密性in addition除此之外incline倾斜include包含inclusion包含，内含物incompatible不相容的inconsistent不一致，不协调incorporation掺合indentation凹痕，压痕，行首缩进，呈锯齿形indexing分度indicator指示器，示功器induction感应加热induction hardening感应淬火inertia惯性，惯量inertial惯性的，惯量的infinite无穷的，无限的infinite life无限寿命influence影响，有影响的，对有作用ingot steel锭钢inherent内在的，固有的inherently内在地，固有地initial contact point开始啮合点injection moulding喷射铸造法，压力铸造法in miniature小型地inner circle of the toroid圆环面的内圆inner spiral angle螺旋锥齿轮任意点的螺旋角input gear输入齿轮insensitive感觉