英语不规则动词过去式及其用法.doc

不规则动词过去式和过去分词 A. 原型，过去式， 和 过去分词 完全不同 drink-drank-drunk ring-rang-rung swim-swam-swum sing-sang-sung sink-sank-sunk blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown know-knew-known fly -flew-flown take-took-taken shake-shook-shaken drive-drove-driven write-wrote-written rise-rose-risen ride-rode-ridden speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen break-broke-broken wake-woke-woken freeze-froze-frozen forget-forgot-forgotten choose-chose-chosen draw-drew-drawn eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen give-gave-given hide-hid-hidden see-saw-seen do-did-done B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同 bright-brought-brought think-thought-thought fight-fought-fought buy-bought-bought catch-caught-caught sell-sold-sold tell-told-told say-said-said pay-paid-paid send-sent-sent lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent burn-burnt-burnt learn-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant feel-felt-felt smell-smelt-smelt sleep-slept-slept sweep-slept-slept leave-left-left build-built-built lose-lost-lost get-got-got meet-met-met sit-sat-sat shoot-shot-shot lead-led-led spit-spat-spat have-had-had hold-held-held make-made-made stand-stood-stood hear-heard-heard find-found-found dig-dug-dug shine-shone-shone understand-understood-understood win-won-won C.原型与过去分词相同 come-came-come run-ran-run become-became-become D.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同 cast-cast-cast cut-cut-cut put-put-put let-let-let set-set-set hit-hit-hit shut-shut-shut hang-hung-hung 吊，挂 lie-lied-lied 说谎 lie-lay-lain 躺下，位于，平放 hanged-hanged 处绞刑 lay-laid-laid 置放。动词 过去式be (am is) wasare werecome camego wentdo (does) did fly flewdraw drewmake madesing sanghave (has) hadeat atedrink drankput putlet letread readcan couldsee sawmeet metget gotforget forgottake tookcan couldmay mightshall shouldwill wouldknow knewbegin beganbend bentbuild builtspend spentmean meantlearn learnt learnedbuy boughtthink thoughtteach taughtcatch caughtsleep sleptsweep sweptkeep keptspeak spokeride rodefeel feltleave leftgive gaverun ranring rangsit satswim swamsay saidstand stoodtell toldthrow threwwin wonwrite wrote不规则动词的过去式的构成1把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如： beginbegan，drinkdrank，givegave，ringrang，singsang，sitsat，swimswam 2把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drivedrove，riderode，writewrote 3改动词原形中的aw ow为ew，变成过去式。如： drawdrew，growgrew，knowknew，throwthrew（动词show除外，showshowed） 4动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如： getgot，forgetforgot 5动词原形中的ee改为e，变成过去式。如： feedfed，meetmet 6动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如： keepkept，sleepslept，sweepswept 7动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如： breakbroke，speakspoke 8动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如： sellsold，telltold 9动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如： standstood，understandunderstood 10以ought和aught结尾，且读音是 :t的过去式。如： bringbrought，buy bought，thinkthought，catchcaught，teachtaught 11以ould结尾且读音为ud的情态动词过去式。如： cancould，shallshould，willwould 12把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。如： comecame，becomebecame 13在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如： hearhi heardh :d， sayseisaidsed，meanmi:nmeantment 14动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如： letlet，mustmust，putput，readreadred 15 不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如： am，iswas，arewere，buildbuilt，dodid，eatate，fallfell，feelfelt，findfound，flyflew，gowent，have has had，holdheld，leaveleft，makemade，maymight，runran，seesaw，taketook 不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法 动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点，而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点，但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。如： cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread 特殊：动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致，read-read-read，但发音分别是ri:d-red-red。二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如： come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如：1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如：lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent 2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如：sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held 3. 以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept。如：keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept 4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如：buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught 5. 有的以ay结尾的动词，在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如：say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid 6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如：have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt 四、有些动词原形中含有字母i，在过去式中变i为a，在过去分词中变i为u。如： 五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词，在变成过去式时，通常把元音字母变成e，在变成过去分词时，通常只在词尾加n。如：blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en，变成以en结尾的单词。如：rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten特殊： write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten雅思、托福、高考、SAT考试英语不规则动词强化速成 （一）原形、过去式、过去分词同形 (13个）。1. putputput，2. hithithit，3. letletlet，4. costcostcost，5. spreadspreadspread.6. broadcastbroadcastbroadcast7. shutshutshut8. upsetupsetupset9. cast cast cast10. readreadread11. cut cut cut12. hurt hurt hurt13. setsetsete.g. I have read this book twice before.这本书我已经读过两遍了。 The book hit me on the head.书打中了我的脑袋。 I put the apple in the corner.我把苹果放在墙角。（二）原形动词 + 同形的过去式、过去分词（61个）。如： 1. win won won，2. bind bound bound3. bleed bled bled4. bring brought brought5. buy bought bought6. catch caught caught7. deal dealt dealt8. dig dug dug，9. dream dreamt dreamt10. dreamed dreamed11. feed fed fed12. find found found，13. feel felt felt，14. get got got，15. hang hung hung( 悬挂），16. hanged hanged17. hold held held，18. leap leapt leapt，19. leaped leaped20. learn learnt learnt，21. learned learned22. lend lent lent，23. light lit lit，24. lighted lighted25. lose lost lost，26. lay laid laid，27. leave left left，28. keep kept kept29. getgotgot（ten），30. mean meant meant31. meet met met，32. overhear overheard overheard33. panic panicked panicked 使恐 慌；使惊慌34. pay paid paid35. rewind rewound rewound36. sit sat sat，37. stand stood stood，38. say said said，39. tell told told，40. make made made，41. hear heard heard，42. sell sold sold.43. shine shone shined shined shone44. sleep slept slept.45. smell smelt smelt.46. smelled smelled47. spellbind spellbound spellbound .48. spend spent spent49. spill spilt spilt 使溢出, 使散落, 洒, 使流出, 使摔下, 倒出50. spit spat spat 吐出, 发射, 发出, 喷吐51. spoil spoilt spoilt 损坏, 搞糟, 宠坏, 溺爱;扰乱52. stick stuck stuck 53. sweep swept swept 54. teach taught taught 55. tell told told56. think thought thought57. understand understood understood58. wake woke woke59. waked waked60. woken 61. win won won I stood up and turned.我站起来，转过身。 It was aware of having been found， then it ran away.它觉察到自己被发现了，于是逃跑了。 I sat quietly staring at the apple.我静静地坐在那里盯着苹果。 I felt happy at being praised by parents.被父母夸奖我感到很高兴。（三）原形与过去分词同形（4个）。如 comecamecome，become becamebecome， runranrun. It was aware of having been found， then it ran away.它觉察到自己被发现了，于是逃跑了。（四）原形、过去式、过去分词三种各不同形。（50个） 1. arise arose arisen arising2. be (is,am，are）was（was， were）been，3. bear bore born bearing4. arise arose arisen arising5. beginbeganbegun6. bid bad bidden7. bid bid8. blowblewblown9. breakbrokebroken10. choosechosechosen11. dodiddone，12. drawdrewdrawn13. drinkdrankdrunk14. drive drovedriven15. eatateeaten16. fallfellfallen17. fly flewflown18. forbid forbade forbidden19. forbadforbidden20. forgetforgotforgot（ten）21. foresee foresaw foreseen22. freezefroze frozen23. givegavegiven24. gowentgone25. growgrewgrown26. hidehidhiddn27. knowknewknown28. lielaylain29. knowknewknown30. mistakemistookmistaken31. rideroderidden32. ringrangrung，33. riseroserisen34. seesawseen，35. sewsewedsewn/sewed36. shakeshookshaken，37. show showed shown/showed38. shrink shrank/shrunk shrunk39. singsangsung，40. sink sank/sunk sunk/sunken41. sow sowed sown/sowed42. speakspokespoken43. swellswelledswollen44. swimswamswum45. taketooktaken46. tear toretorn47. throw threw thrown，48. undertakeundertookundertaken49. wearworeworn，50. writewrotewritten， I was reading a book and eating an apple.我正在吃着苹果读书。 A book fell off the bookshelf.一本书从书架上掉了下来。 I saw a little rat on the top of the shelf.我看见书架顶上有一只小老鼠。 I took a bottle of liquid medicine to kill the rat.我拿了一瓶灭鼠药水。 The rat died before it ate up the apple.老鼠还没吃完苹果就死掉了。 I got angry with this rat.我生了这只老鼠的气。（五）原形与过去式同形、过去分词不同形。（1个） beatbeatbeaten beating (六)动词后写最后一个字母双写再加ing （50个） 以重读闭音节结尾的单词需要双写最后一个字母,再加ing 重读闭音节三要素: 1. 必须是重读音节; 2. 最后只有一个辅音字母; .如果一个动词以“重读闭音节”结尾,则其现在分词/动名词的构成通常是“双写词尾的那个辅音字母,然后加 ing” 重读闭音节。. 1. letletting让2. hithitting打、撞3. cutcutting切、割4. getgetting取、得到5. sitsitting坐6. chat-chatting7. tap-tapping8. mop-mopping9. nod-nodding10. rid 过去式: rid, ridded11. 过去分词: rid, ridded12. 现在分词: ridding13. shut-shutting14. forgetforgetting忘记15. putputting放16. setsetting设置17. babysitbabysitting 临时受雇照顾婴18. shopshopping购物19. triptripping绊20. stopstopping停止21. dropdropping放弃22. traveltravel(l)ing旅游23. swimswimming游泳24. runrunning跑步25. digdigging挖、掘26. beginbeginning开始27. permit-permitting28. preferpreferring 宁愿29. planplanning 计划30. transfer-transferring31. hit-hitting32. ship-shipping33. beg-begging34. win