英语写作亮点词汇.doc

如何制造亮点词语词语的选择直接关系到句子的优劣，也势必关系到整篇文章的质量，因此，在写作中对于词汇的要求不仅仅是了解其基本含义，还要能够把恰当的词语用到恰当的地方，应该做到“名词使用得准确，形容词使用得简洁，动词使用得生动；连接词使用得恰当”。一、选用具体的词和一般含义的词汇相比，具体词汇能够使语言表达更加准确、形象和生动。比如，good food 和 tasty, delicious, fresh food 相比，显然，后面的具体词汇更富有表现力。但是，很多考生受汉语表达习惯的影响，很少使用具体的词汇表达复杂的概念，这就更容易暴露出考生对语言驾驭能力不够。因此，考生在进行写作训练时，要有意识的选用比较具体的词汇，增强语言的表现力，为文章增加亮点。如：原句：No one saw the bank being broken into.优化：No one witnessed the bank being broken into.二、恰当的使用限定词限定词的使用能使论述更加客观、适度，避免观点的绝对化，提高说服力和可信度。写作中常见的限定词有：may, maybe, perhaps, probably, mainly, generally, commonly, personally, comparatively typically, usually, sometimes, often, most, mostly, nearly, almost, not necessarily, in general, at least, at most, may as well, if possible, had better, to some extent, to some degree, more often than not, for the most part. 如：原句：I dont agree with the first argument.优化：I dont agree with the first argument to some extent.原句：The first appearance will determine the applicants fate.优化：The first appearance more often than not will determine the applicants fate.三、注意区分近义词由于英语此意范围非常广泛，即便是近义词或同义词也只是某种程度上的近似，不可能在意义上完全对等，这就需要考生在选词时斟酌其含义的微妙差别，辨析同义词在语境中的不同用法。如：原句： So there arises the problem: Will electronic books replace traditional books? (指“实际存在的问题”或“需要解决得现实问题”，不符合此处语境) 优化：So there arises the question: Will electronic books replace traditional books?原句：After a good dinner together, all the guests relaxed and became quite careless. (指“漫不经心的,粗心的”)优化：After a good dinner together, all the guests relaxed and became quite familiar. (指“随便的,熟悉的”)四、学会使用动态动词动态动词往往比be, there be, make need等静态动词更有活力，可以达到更好的写作效果。如：原句：Please try our best to help this girl, help her to pass the most difficult period in life, and make her financial burden less and less. 优化：Please try our best to help this girl, help her to pass the most difficult period in life, and relieve her financial burden. 原句：Each day, we can see there are a lot of foods in the garbage cans. 优化：Each day, we can see many students dump foods in the garbage cans. 五、学会使用不同的词性很多考生受汉语思维的影响，经常完全依据汉语的词性对译英文，导致造出来的句子十分生硬死板。因此，考生在平时训练时一定要注意摆脱汉语思维的束缚，学会根据具体的语境活用不同的词类，这样才能写出地道生动的句子。如：原句：After we have observed them carefully and analyzed them critically, we may identify the conceptions that will actually contribute to social development. 优化：Through careful observation and critical analysis, we may identify the conceptions that will actually contribute to social development. 原句：Environmental pollution will make it impossible for human beings to survive on the earth. 优化：Environmental pollution will deprive human beings of the possibilities to survive on the earth.六.学会使用介词短语英语中有很多介词短语都具有动词的特征，适合表达抽象的含义。学会使用这些介词短语不但可以丰富文章的用词，而且能够增强文章的表现力。另外，我们经常可以用介词短语代替从句，从而使文章表达更加简洁有力。如：原句：His family obviously cannot afford the big sum of money for such an operation. 优化：The big sum of money for such an operation is obviously beyond what his family can afford. 原句：Pirated products often cost much less than the original ones, so they enjoy unbeatable advantage in price though their quality is relatively poor. 优化：Pirated products often cost much less than the original ones, so they enjoy unbeatable advantage in price despite their relatively poor quality.七、亮点词语改写练习1. Id like to make every effort to let more people know the idea that waste is disgraceful, and call on all my schoolmates to fight against waste.(用更动态的动词改写)2. Im sure you will find a good candidate for the position in that a few people are more suitable than I.(用更具体的词替换)3. People who are good at dealing with social relations admit their mistakes, and take their share of blame. (用介词短语改写)4. That capital punishment is abolished will benefit the harmony of the society. (用不同的词性改写)5. If students develop the habit of waste, it will undoubtedly become a heavy burden on their parents.( 用更动态的动词改写)6. Above all, it teaches us that we shouldnt have a strong wish to get quick results. (用更具体的词语替换)7. Eating Dumping on the Eve of Lunar New Year is a national habit in China. (用恰当的近义词替换)8. It is reported that teenage smoking increases. (用更动态的动词替换)9. If we combine all peoples knowledge, we can bring out a better solution as soon as possible. (用介词短语改写)10. However, though celebrities are glamorous, they lead very stressful lives. (加上限定词，使表达更加客观)11. Nuclear proliferation is always the top problems the participants have to discuss at this kind of meeting. (用恰当的近义词替换)12. For one thing， celebrities dont have the privacy like an ordinary person. (用更具体的词代替)13. College students cannot strike a balance between study and their part-time jobs. (加上限定词，使表达更加客观)14. The term can be helpful to my questions and problems, thus making my work efficiency become higher. (用更动态的动词改写)15. The linguists spend a great deal of time in looking how people talk in their daily communication. (用更具体的词替换)16. Instead of blindly following them, we should observe them carefully and analyzed them critically. After we have observed them carefully and analyzed them critically, we may identify the conceptions that will contribute to the social development. (用不同的词性改写)17. We shall only follow those conceptions that will contribute to the social development. (用不同的词性改写)18. We should take the responsibility for protecting our environment. (用更动态的词替换)19. Opponents say capital punishment does not affect murder rates, but only raises unhealthy interest in executions. (用恰当的近义词替换)20. The boy looked at the strangers in an angry way. (用更动态的词替换) 1. Id like to make every effort to let more people know the idea that waste is disgraceful, and call on all my schoolmates to fight against waste.(用更动态的动词改写)Id like to make every effort to publicize the idea that waste is disgraceful, and call on all my schoolmates to fight against waste.2. Im sure you will find a good candidate for the position in that a few people are more suitable than I.(用更具体的词替换)Im sure you will find a well-qualified candidate for the position in that a few people are more suitable than I.3. People who are good at dealing with social relations admit their mistakes, and take their share of blame. (用介词短语改写)People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes, and take their share of blame.4. That capital punishment is abolished will benefit the harmony of the society. (用不同的词性改写)The abolition of capital punishment will benefit the harmony of the society.5. If students develop the habit of waste, it will undoubtedly become a heavy burden on their parents.( 用更动态的动词改写)If students develop the habit of waste, it will undoubtedly burden their parents heavily.6. Above all, it teaches us that we shouldnt have a strong wish to get quick results. (用更具体的词语替换)Above all, it teaches us that we shouldnt be overanxious for quick results.7. Eating Dumpling on the Eve of Lunar New Year is a national habit in China. (用恰当的近义词替换)Eating Dumpling on the Eve of Lunar New Year is a national custom in China.8. It is reported that teenage smoking increases. (用更动态的动词替换)It is reported that teenage smoking soars. 9. If we combine all peoples knowledge, we can bring out a better solution as soon as possible. (用介词短语改写)With the combination of all peoples knowledge, we can bring out a better solution as soon as possible.10. However, though celebrities are glamorous, they lead very stressful lives. (加上限定词，使表达更加客观)However, though to some extent celebrities are glamorous, most of them lead very stressful lives.11. Nuclear proliferation is always the top problems the participants have to discuss at this kind of meeting. (用恰当的近义词替换)Nuclear proliferation is always the top issue the participants have to discuss at this kind of meeting.12. For one thing， celebrities dont have the privacy like an ordinary person. (用更具体的词代替)For one thing， celebrities dont own the privacy like an ordinary person.13. College students cannot strike a balance between study and their part-time jobs. (加上限定词，使表达更加客观)College students, for the most part, cannot strike a balance between study and their part-time jobs.14. The term can be helpful to my questions and problems, thus making my work efficiency become higher. (用更动态的动词改写)The term can be helpful to my questions and problems, thus increasing my work efficiency.15. The linguists spend a great deal of time in looking how people talk in their daily communication. (用更具体的词替换)The linguists spend a great deal of time in observing how people talk in their daily communication.16. Instead of blindly following them, we should observe them carefully and analyzed them critically. After we have observed them carefully and analyzed them critically, we may identify the conceptions that will contribute to the social development. (用不同的词性改写)Instead of blindly following them, we should observe them carefully and analyzed them critically. Through the careful observation and critical analysis, we may identify the conceptions that will contribute to the social development.17. We shall only follow those conceptions that will contribute to the social development. (用不同的词性改写)We shall only follow those contributive conceptions to the social development.18. We should take the responsibility for protecting our environment. (用更动态的词替换)We should shoulder the responsibility for protecting our environment.19. Opponents say capital punishment does not affect murder rates, but only raises unhealthy interest in executions. (用恰当的近义词替换)Opponents say capital punishment does not affect murder rates, but only arouses unhealthy interest in executions.20. The boy looked at the strangers in an angry way. (用更动态的词替换)The boy angrily stared at the strangers. 在日常生活中注意省钱的好处最近，关于人们（包括学生）是否应该在日常生活中省钱的问题引起了人们热烈的辩论。一些人认为这样做不好，因为这样人们就成不了聪明的消费者了。但是，在我看来，在日常生活中省钱利大于弊。首先，省钱是一种美德，这种美德会使我们终生受益。省钱的好处很多，尤其是在整个世界的经济状况都不是特别好的状况下，挣钱比从前要难了。节约花钱这种良好习惯会帮助人们度过眼前这个困难时期或他们生活中的其它资金困难时期。有这种意识的人们在决定买东西之前会三思。这种意识对于学生的帮助也很大，因为他们主要依靠父母的经济支援。当他们脑海中有这种意识，他们一定会避免乱花钱的。其次，省钱其实也是一种实习理财的好办法。当今社会，学点金融知识是必要的。但是，理论总是很难学习。相反，大多数人能够通过实践很快学会。节约用钱意味着有效用钱，实质上就是理财工作的一部分。节约用钱能够教会人们如何把钱花在刀刃儿上。在日常生活中注意省钱的好处The advantages of being careful with money in daily life最近，关于人们（包括学生）是否应该在日常生活中省钱的问题引起了人们热烈的辩论。一些人认为省钱不好，因为省钱不利于人们成为明智的消费者。但是，在我看来，在日常生活中省钱利大于弊。Nowadays, there is a hot debate on whether people, including students should be careful with their money in their daily life. Some people think it is not good to do so because this may not make people smart consumers. But in my eyes, the advantages of being careful with money in daily life outweigh the disadvantages. 首先，省钱是一种美德，这种美德会使我们终生受益。省钱的好处很多，尤其是在整个世界的经济状况都不是特别好的状况下，挣钱比从前要难了。节约花钱这种良好习惯会帮助人们度过眼前这个困难时期或他们生活中的其它资金困难时期。有这种意识的人们在决定买东西之前会三思。这种意识对于学生的帮助也很大，因为他们主要依靠父母的经济支援。当他们脑海中有这种意识，他们一定会避免乱花钱的。First, being careful with money is a virtue that can always benefit people. Being thrifty is of great help, especially when the economic status around the world is not very good and it becomes harder to earn money than before. A good habit of being careful with money will help many people go through this difficult period or any other difficult financial situation in their life. People with this awareness will think carefully before deciding to buy anything. For students, this awareness is also of great help since they mainly depend on their parents for financial supports. When they keep this awareness in their mind, they will definitely avoid wasting money.其次，省钱其实也是一种实习理财的好办法。当今社会，学点金融知识是必要的。但是，理论总是很难学习。相反，大多数人能够通过实践很快学会。节约用钱意味着有效用钱，实质上就是理财工作的一部分。节约用钱能够教会人们如何把钱花在刀刃儿上。Secondly, being careful with money is, in fact, a good way of practicing how to manage ones money. In current society, it is necessary to learn something about finance. But theories are usually hard to learn. In contrast, most people can learn quickly by practicing. Being careful with money means an efficient use of money, which, in essence, equals to part of the job of a financial planner. Being careful with money can teach people to make best use of their money.诚然过于省钱可能有许多坏处；比如，会导致人们忽视商品的其它方面。但是整体上来说这种行为是好的，也有其事实依据。市场经济需要金钱意识。It is true that being too careful with money may have some disadvantages; for example, it may cause people to ignore other aspects of commodities. But overall this behavior is good and has its reality basis. Money-consciousness is always needed in the market-oriented economy.Should college students undertake a period of unpaid work helping people in the community? The following are the supporters and opponents opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. YESNOThrough voluntary work in the community, college students can gain working experience and practice their skills, which are helpful to their future career life. For example, college students can improve their abilities of problem solving, communication and teamwork via interaction with people in the community. As college students are easy to get lost in term of what they want for their personal life, they will get a sense of belonging to the community through their work, which are beneficial for their personal development. The unpaid work of college students can reduce the financial burden of the community, which enables the local governments to improve the residential environment or support the old and the handicapped. Unpaid social work might occupy college students learning time, which will lead to an decrease in their learning efficiency in school. The communities have to spend much energy ensuring college students safety and avoiding potential conflicts between them because they come from different social backgrounds.With so many voluntary college students possessing different specialties and characters, the communities have to do a lot of work to investigate them in order to make sure whether he or she is suitable for the job, so its difficult for the communities to organize them to work systematically and efficiently. Nowadays, it is a common phenomenon that college students are willing to work in the community for free. Some people hold the view that young students should make time for the unpaid social work. They believe what students learn form the social work will lay a solid foundation for their future career. Whats more, they think young people can get guidance for their development in the community. The final point they insist is that its a huge financial expenditure for the local governments to employ adult to do the same work. Nevertheless, those with opposite opinions believe unpaid social work can influence students learning because they need to take time off from study to undertake the job. They also think the irritability of young people make it difficult for the communities to avoid and reconcile disputes among them. Moreover the disparity among those volunteers increase the work load of the local governments to assign them the appropriate task. In my view, despite those drawbacks of voluntary social work, college students should still be encouraged to do unpaid work in the community. Since young people may always get lost under the control of utilitarian idea, its better for them to think less about themselves and do more for the community. Should English Majors Study Ma