专八经典翻译---汉译英篇.doc

精品文档1）在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道。译文：Before I fell ill,I had been the bully under roofs owing to my doting parents.(PS:“横行霸道”在此并无“任意欺凌他人”之意，而是“想干什么就干什么，为所欲为”，可用get everything my all own way或be the bully表达）（2）这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才 译文：The national key universityhas prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society（PS:“输送”在句中是一个模糊笼统的词，具体说来是指“培养出”。“人才”也比较笼统，这里译为qualified graduates是比较确切的。）（3）他是个“墙头草”，谁硬就跟谁。 译文：He always sits on the fence and falls on the side of the stronger. (PS: 墙头草”是个比喻，与英语中的sit on the fence含义一样。为了译出其内在含义，译文选择了舍弃其表面意义。）（4)这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。译文：Thus,every place,with its own legends and tales,has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.(PS: 汉译英时，汉语中有些动词都可以用介词短语来表达，这样更形象。）（5）面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得以充分休息。译文：When facing a pool of green water,you forget all your worries and annoyance and enjoy a good rest,both mentally and physically.(PS: 英语代词比汉语代词种类多，用法更别多，汉译英时，注意增译出其隐含在句中的代词。）（6）在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。 译文：During the three and a half years I stayed at the lab,a total of 14 students were recruited to his lab,but only 5 of them got their doctors degrees at last.(PS: 汉语句子结构一般都是按照时间顺序和逻辑关系排列，语序固定、关系明确，不需要太多连词来表示相互间的关系，但在英译文中需要补充省略的连词，以保持句子结构完整。）（7）农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。 译文：People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society,thus their desires are far less either. (PS;英语中用得最多的介词有at,by,for,from,in,of,on,to,和with九个。这些介词是组成英语句子的重要纽带，在英语中起着极其重要的重要。汉译英时，要根据上下文灵活选择介词。）（8）其中近一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，这使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。 译文：Half of the them have come to Vancouver area over the past years only,making it the largest Chinese settlement outside Asia. (PS:原文中“这使.聚居地”是华人移民的结果，故而译为现在分词短语。） (9)世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。译文：The third-generation museums in the world are run on entirely new concepts.(PS:“充满全新理念”的含义是说博物馆的创建、运营理念与众不同，如果按字面意思译为full of new ideas/concepts,就会造成“博物馆里到处都是新理念”的误解。）（10）这个车间既做来料加工，也做来样加工。译文：This workshop processes ray materials on clientss demand and processes according to investors samples as well. (PS: 汉语中许多词语重意合，其外形不完整，其含义靠人们的语言习惯习得去领悟。“来料加工”、“来样加工”都是浓缩的意合词，应译出其完整意义。)（11）黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。 译文：The weasel goes to pay his respects to the hen-not with the best intentions.(12)三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮。 译文：The wit of three cobblers combined surpasses that of Zhuge Liang,the master of mind.(PS: 在翻译过程中需要使用增词译法，把相关文化背景知识翻译出来。）（13) 于是赚喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转肯首为摇头。译文:Then happiness turns to anger,praise to scolding and nit-picking,and head-dodding to head-shaking. (PS: 减省重复的动词谓语） (14)有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。 译文：A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting,which in return keeps people in good mind.(PS: 用关系代词which代替） （15）自周秦以来，中国是一个封建社会，其政治是封建的政治，其经济是封建的经济。 译文:From the Zhou and Qin Dynasties onwards,Chinese society was feudal,as were its politics and economy. （PS: 用as be+主语替代句型代替重复出现的动词，高度凝练，言简意赅）（16）当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。 译文：As long as they are living,they always work and study as hard as possible,unwilling to dream their life away,let alone waste even a single momentof their lives.(PS: 汉语谓语动词时态、情态是隐性的，在英语译文中要变为显性的。）(17)一霎时，一阵被人摈弃，为世所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。 译文：In no time,I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.(PS:汉语原文中，把感情色彩较重的词“摈弃”放在前，而感情色彩较轻的词“遗忘”放在后，但在英语译文中，则应根据英语习惯forgotten放在前面，而abandoned放在后面。）（18）救死扶伤，实行革命的人道主义。 译文：Heal the wounded,rescue the dying,practice revolutionary humanitarianism.（PS：根据英语头重脚轻的原则，译文中先译“扶伤”，再译“救死”。） (19)跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。译文：What kind of attitude the cross-century young generation will have to meet the new century that promises so much hope is the question we must answer. (PS:“跨世纪”如果处理为状语。可以译为介词词组at the turn of the century,如果处理为定语，可用cross-century，更显简洁。） （20）.一旦隔离，拘禁在花园的山坡上一幢小房子里，顿感被打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。译文：Once segregated and confined in a small house on the hillside of the garden,I fell like being deposed into a cold palace,and I began to taste the bitterness of depression and frustration immediately. (PS:汉语中表示“时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、方法、手段、状态、说明、解释、非本质、修饰、否定”的部分，在英语中则以从句或非谓语动词出现。）（21）我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片喧闹。 译文：Without being noticed,I lifted the curtain in my small room,only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.（22）最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信，他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。 译文：We are very familiar with scene whena person suddenly stops his/her steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at the phone,not caring about his/her stopping in the road center or beside the restroom. (PS：这句话中，一个人停下来是为了“编辑短信”，而眼睛盯着手机屏幕则是用来形容编辑短信时的状态，故可用with短语译出，接着后面部分是指一个人突然停下来的伴随行为，所以可以翻译成动词的ing-短语来简化句子结构，不必单译成句。）（23）中华民族自古以来从不把人看做高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而绝非统治万物的主宰。 译文：Chinese people has never regarded human beings at the highest creature among everything else since ancient times,whose behaviour in both philosophy and arts takes a rather appropriate proportion with all others in the natural world,but not as an absolute dominant ruler(PS:这句话结构比较复杂，第一句为主句，后面的小句是对第一句话的补充说明，省略了主语“中华民族”，可以用whose引导的定语从句来处理，简化句子结构。） （24）求学是一件艰苦的事情，许多人不能忍受那必经的艰苦，所以不能成功。 译文：To learn,actually,is to experience the indispensable pain and those who can not get it over with ca not become learned. (PS:原文中“求学.事情”与“许多人.成功”在语义上和逻辑上较为紧凑，可将该句译为一个并列句。）（25）一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，霎时宾客云集，笑语四溢。 译文：One spring evening,my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom.Instantly,a crowd of guests gathered together and their laughter was heard all over there. (PS:在英语中，“一天晚上”、“一天早晨”等表示特定的时间要用one,而不能用泛指的a/an.) (26)大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等，所以人们对于自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。 译文：People,poor or rich,are equally favoured by Nature.Therefore human beings,with no exception,have been deeply dependent on it.This is particularly true in the countryside where people have been living in the same styles for thousnds of years. （27）加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3,000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。 译文：Canada,sparsely populated,has a territory larger than that of China,but its population is only less than 30 million.Therefore,to take in immigrants has become a national policy long practiced by Canada.(28)我们的长江，黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神，扬子江及黄河遇见沙漠、遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡地往前流去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻千里的魄势。 译文：The Yangtse River and the Yellow River are both symbolic of our national spirit.The two mighty rivers negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force. (PS:在此译文中，negotiate,turbid torrents和surge forward with irresistible force都很精准地传达了几个词的意韵。而且，在rivers前还增加了mighty一词，也传达了隐含的意思。） （29）在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。 译文：At the turn of the century,our motherland becoming more and more prosperous and powerful,people across the Straits will strenghten their exchanges,and work together to realize the cause of reunification of their motherland. (30)台湾当局局势复杂、严峻，李