动介__动副短语.doc

精品文档英语中存在着大量由两个词构成的动词短语。让许多同学感到困惑的是,为什么有的是动副短语,有的却是动介短语?区分它们到底有什么规律可循?下面就如何区分动介短语和动副短语,以及在使用上有哪些要求做一总结。一，动介短语从构成短语的动词的角度来考虑。实意动词分为及物动词和不及物动词,其中不及物动词是不可以直接跟宾语的,如果必须跟宾语时,就需要在这个动词后加一介词,构成动介短语,此时,该短语相当于一个及物动词,后面必须加宾语(由名词、代词或动名词充当),且该宾语不能放在动介短语的中间。例如,May I come into this room?我可以进到这间屋子里来吗?come into是动介短语,宾语this room不能省略。Look at my eyes,tell me who you are waiting for?看着我的眼睛,告诉我你在等着谁?初中阶段的动介短语有:1. agree on, 同意双方制定的协议条款,合同.I cantagreeonyour planThey have agreed on the terms of surrender。I agree on what you have saidThey agreed on the contract and signed their names.2. .agree with sb.同意某人的观点I agree with you on this pointI dont agree with you on many thingsDo you agree with me3. .agree to sb. 同意对方开出的条件He didnt get the job because he didnt agree to the working conditions here.We all agreed to their arrangement.He agreed to help the people who are in need of helpI agree you to go out for supper4. .believe in相信有;信奉We believe in him, who is always true to his wordI dont believe in ghosts, do you?I dont believe in future life.我不相信有来生5. belong to属于It has belonged to our family for a long timeIt must belong to CarlaThe toy car belongs to Janes little brother6. fall off跌落One slip and you could fall off the building脚下一滑就可能从建筑物上跌下去When you are learning to ride a bicycle, you often fall off. Leaves fall off the trees in the autumn.7. .feed on以为食Birds feed on nuts and berries in the winter.All animals including men feed on plants or other animals.Birds feed on worms and grains.8. .get to=reach到达Im going to be surfing bigger waves when I get to Australia!Well give him a call when we get to Hongqing Street.I like to get to airports in good time9. .go by走过Oh, we will watch the clouds go by.As time goes by, we become better and better.10. .go on继续I dont want to leave, but I cant go on.Unemployment will go on rising for some time yetIm all right here. Go on with your work11. .hear of听说I didnt hear of the news.I heard of his death last week.We dont know the singer, but we have heard of her.12. .hear from接到某人的来信、电话等Drop us a line, its always great to hear from you.I hear from my mother every month.Im so glad to hear from you.13. .hold up举起Women hold up half of heavenHold up your right handDont worry. The house will hold up14. .look up查找Many people have to look up the meaning of this word in the dictionary.to look up a number in the telephone directoryLook up the trains to Beijing in the timetable.15. .look for寻找The child knelt down to look for a coin he had droppedThey look for foods that are low in caloriesJane craned her neck to look for her mother in the crowd16. .look after照看Males make the nest and look after the eggsShe is too busy to look after her child.You neednt bother about coming up, Ill look after him.17. .look like看上去像What did she look like?You look like a nice upstanding young man.How can I love myself when I look like this?18. .laugh at嘲笑 Please dont laugh at me if I cant do it well.Try to laugh at it instead of getting uptightThe daring climbers laugh at danger.19. .talk to对说You neednt talk to anyone if you dont want toEither you can talk to him, or I will.She would like to talk to people one to one.20. talk with和交谈Ill need to talk with you, but theres no hurry.I want to have a serious talk with youWhen she came in, Bob broke off his talk with Jane21. .think of想起I cant think of a worse way to spend my time.It makes me think of my lost mother.The police, or whoever, would not think of looking for him here.22. .think about,考虑Give me a few hours to think about it.I do think about having children, maybe when Im 40.There were always things to think about when she went walking二，动副短语中的动词有的是及物动词,因此,后接宾语时不需要加介词,加上副词后,该副词可以进一步说明动作的结果,从而,使得句意表达得更加准确。这些动副短语必须接宾语,但对其位置有一定的限制,如果宾语是名词,既可以放在短语的中间,又可以放在短语的后面;如果宾语是代词,就只能放在两词的中间了。例如，Youd better pick the students up before7:00.你最好在7点前把这些学生接上车。Can you pick me up at 7:00?你能在7点时接我吗?人称代词me做宾语要放在pick和up中间。如果动副短语中的动词是不及物动词时,则该短语不可以加宾语。例如,May I come in?我可以进来吗?come是不及物动词,所以,come in后无宾语。初中阶段的动副短语主要有:1.bring out取出Please bring out your bookHe has the ability to bring out the best in others.Its warm enough to bring out the garden chairs2.cut down砍倒A vandal with a chainsaw cut down a tree.The remaining block of woodland is cut down to ground level.He cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood3.clean up清扫,收拾干净And while Im out you might clean up the kitchen.Mama made him clean up the plate.The students took turns to clean up their classroom.4.climb down/up爬下/上He said he would climb down and help them.The climb down was even harder than the climb upClimb down the tree at onceYou have to shift down when you climb up steep hillsIf I climb up a tree, I can see e back/go back回来/回去Come back! he called after meThe lady pleaded with her daughter to come back homeLets all go back to my place!They would go back to their tribal e round(走)过来Come round to my place this eveningShe will eventually come round.Please come round again when you have free e out(花)开,出来The truth is beginning to come out about what happened.They would always come out and warm up the e over顺便来访I already told you not to come over.Why dont you come over here tomorrow evening9.eat up吃光Eat up your lunchEat up your broccoli. Its good for you.Eat up the dinner while it is still warm.10.fall asleep睡着After changing the bed, I would fall asleep quicklyPoor sleepers take longer to fall asleep than good sleepersTo be able to fall asleep is a blessing11.fall behind落后And those who fall behind get beaten. 落后的人就会被打败Never fall behind, keep up! 不要落后, 要跟上!Dont fall behind with your gas bill.12.fall down跌倒Babies often fall down when they are learning to walkI heard someone fall down the stairway.You must watch your step so as not to fall down13.give back退还When can you give back the money that you oweI must give back the two books to the library before FridayJoshua forgot to give back the things he borrowed.14.get backI think I ought to get back to work.Come on, George, wed better get back now.15.go out外出Lets go out to eatIm very much a loner I never go out.Take a well-earned rest and go out and enjoy yourself.16.grow up长大All plants like to grow up toward the sunlightThat boy needs a firm hand to help him grow upKate was in a hurry to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience.17.hurry up赶紧Hurry up and get dressedHurry up with that coffee, will youHurry up. Tie up your shoelaces; we are late.18.knock down击倒She does not want to knock down his self esteemHe was in r