间歇式防断裂旋转油井管.doc

间歇式防断裂旋转油井管根据各井井斜情况、拐点位置等对油井管串参数进行优化，并引用了自动间歇式旋转抽油杆悬绳器、防止油管偏磨的旋转式采油井口，液压油管锚锚定器等措施，取得了一定的效果。根据井况在部分油水井分别试用cmb-114超越式油管锚锚定器、自动间歇式旋转抽油杆悬绳器，形成了由自动间歇式旋转悬绳器+旋转井口+油管旋转锚定器+抽油杆扶正器四部分组成的综合防治体系。从现场情况统计，油管丝扣的损坏普遍存在，油管断裂、漏失主要是从丝扣部分发生的。According to the location of the well deviation, a turning point in the well pipe string parameters were optimized, and refer to the automatic intermittent rotary sucker rod beam hanger and rotary oil extraction wellhead to prevent the eccentric wear of tubing, hydraulic tubing anchor anchoring, obtained the certain effect. According to well conditions in some parts of the oil and water Wells, respectively, the trial beyond the CMB - 114 type tubing anchor anchoring device, automatic intermittent rotary sucker rod beam hanger, formed by the automatic intermittent rotating beam hanger + rotary wellhead + + rotary tubing anchor device sucker rod centralizer comprehensive prevention and control system composed of four parts. Statistics from the spot, tubing thread damage exists generally, tubing rupture, leakage, mainly from the threaded part. （1）斜扣硬上致使油管丝扣损伤;（2）由于击打、碰撞、咬伤使油管损伤;（3）油管断裂损伤;（4）滑道滑滑油管;（5）火烧油管。Button (1) the oblique hard led tubing thread damage; (2) because of the strike, collision, bite injury of tubing; (3) tubing fracture damage; (4) slip slippery tubing; (5) fire to tubing. 从理论上讲，注水的最佳 ph值应为 7。一般情况下，当 ph 值在 4 -10时，腐蚀过程主要受氧扩散过程控制，腐蚀速率不受ph值影响。在ph值不大于4 的酸性范围内，碳钢表面的氧化物覆盖膜将完全溶解，致使钢铁表面和酸性介质直接接触。因此，提高注水ph值，可以解决酸蚀问题，但不一定能解决其它腐蚀类型。当 ph 值在 10-13 的碱性范围内时，随碳钢表面的ph值升高， fe2o3覆盖膜逐渐转化为具有钝化性能的 r - fe2o3 保护膜，腐蚀速率会有所下降。但是当 ph值过高时，腐蚀速率又会上升，其原因是碳钢表面的钝化膜溶解成可溶性的铁酸钠 (nafeo2 )。Theoretically, the best ph water injection should be 7. Usually, when the ph value in the 4-10, the corrosion process is mainly controlled by oxygen diffusion process, the corrosion rate is not affected by ph. In acidic ph value is not greater than 4 within the scope of carbon steel covered on the surface of the oxide film dissolve completely, making direct contact with the steel surface and acidic medium. Therefore, improve the water ph value, can solve the problem of acid corrosion, but not necessarily can solve other corrosion types. When 10 to 13, alkaline ph in the range, increased with ph value on the surface of the carbon steel, fe2o3 covering membrane gradually into r - fe2o3 protective film with passivation performance, corrosion rate will fall. But when ph value is too high, the corrosion rate will rise again, the reason is that the carbon steel surface passivation membrane dissolved into soluble iron acid sodium (nafeo2). 2.2.2 做好井筒防腐加药工作，减缓管柱腐蚀2.2.2 to do a good job of wellbore corrosion dosing, slow corrosion string. 加与地层水相配伍的缓蚀杀菌剂是解决油井井下管串腐蚀的一种常用而有效的方法。其原因是通过缓蚀剂加入到产出介质中，与金属体形成一种致密的保护膜，使金属本体与腐蚀介质隔离开，并起到润滑的作用，以达到保护金属，防止腐蚀而加剧偏磨的目的。Add along with formation water corrosion fungicide is one of the in-well pipe string corrosion commonly used and effective method. The reason is that through corrosion inhibitor added to the output medium, and the metal body form a compact protective film, the metal body isolated from corrosive medium, and play the role of lubrication, to protect the metal, to prevent corrosion and intensifies the purpose of eccentric wear. 2.2.3 优化油井工作参数2.2.3 parameters optimization of oil well work （1）在保持产液量不变的情况下，采用长冲程、慢冲次的工作制度，增加偏磨面积，减少偏磨次数。(1) in the case of the produced fluid volume unchanged, with long stroke, slow speed of working system, increase the partial grinding area, reduce the number of eccentric wear. （2）油管弯曲造成的偏磨主要局限于泵上部附近，即中性点以下到泵位置。矿用网片中性点位置又与泵以下尾管的长度有关。因此、合理设计泵下尾管长度，加大泵下油管的重量，抵消弯曲应力，减少油管弯曲。(2) caused the eccentric wear of tubing bending is mainly confined to the upper pump near, or below the neutral point position to the pump. And pump under the neutral point position and the length of the tail pipe. Therefore, reasonable design under the pump liner length, increase the weight of the pump tubing, and offset the bending stress, reduce the tubing bending. （3）对于弯曲井眼或受压弯曲而被抽油杆磨损的井段，可在抽油杆柱相应部位PE给水管正器或导向轮。在抽油杆底部下加重杆，使抽油杆柱的中性点下移，减少抽油杆的弯曲。(3) in crooked hole or compression bending the rod wear well, can be in sucker rod centralizer or corresponding parts the guide wheel. In the bar at the bottom of the sucker rod, the neutral point of rod string down, reduce the bending rod. （4）因油管转动或伸缩而与套管壁的磨损，可采用自动间歇式旋转抽油杆悬绳器、旋转式油管扶正器或防止油管偏磨的旋转式采油井口，也可用液压油管锚锚定油管。(4) with pipe rotation or scaling and wear casing wall, can adopt automatic intermittent rotary sucker rod beam hanger, rotary tubing centralizer or rotary oil extraction wellhead to prevent the eccentric wear of tubing, hydraulic tubing anchor anchor pipe is also available. 2.2.4 加强清防蜡技术应用，减小井下管杆负荷2.2.4 strengthen paraffin technology applications, reducing underground pipe rod load. 主要是利用机械、热洗、化学清等清防蜡技术手段，防止油井管杆负荷增大及蜡堵，而造成的管杆断、脱，保证油井正常生产。 Mainly is to use mechanical, thermal washing and paraffin technology such as chemical cleaning methods, to prevent the pipe rod load increases and paraffin plugging, caused by the pipe rod break, take off, to ensure normal production of oil Wells. 2.2.5 合理调整油管杆位置，有效防止油管杆断脱2.2.5 reasonably adjust tubing stem position, effectively prevent the oil pipe rod break off. 抽油机井油管杆断裂多属疲劳断裂，油管断裂主要集中在300m以上的油管螺纹根部，而抽油杆断裂，大多发生在中和点及以下位置。因而，作业时应把新油管杆下在受力最大的上部，这样经过几次作业后全井油管被逐步更新，并且始终保持新管在上，有效降低油管由于疲劳在上部断裂的现象。在不需要更换新管杆的情况下可将原井管杆上下根序进行调整，改变其受力状态，有效降低管杆疲劳。Pumping unit Wells rod breaking more in the tubing are fatigue fracture and fracture mainly concentrated in the 300 m tubing above tubing thread root, and sucker rod breaking, occurs mostly in neutral point and the following locations. Therefore, homework should be put under the new tubing stem at the head of the largest stress, so that after a few homework well tubing was gradually updated completely, and always maintain the new tube on, effectively reduce the tubing in upper fracture due to fatigue phenomenon. In the case of dont need to replace the new tube rod can be the original well tube rod up and down root sequence adjustment, change the stress state, effectively reduce the pipe rod fatigue. 2.2.6 合理使用井下磁性工具2.2.6 the rational use of borehole magnetic tool. 尽量减少磁防蜡器等磁性井下工具的使用，并对已磁化的油管及时更换，避免磁化导致的无功作业。As far as possible to reduce the use of magnetic downhole tools such as magnetic paraffin, and the magnetized tubing change in time, avoid the magnetization caused by reactive power operation. 2.3 其他防治措施2.3 other measures for the prevention and control （1）优化管、杆组合，根据油田泵挂深、腐蚀严重的特点，尽量使用高强度杆和防腐抽油杆。(1) optimization of tube, rod combination, according to the characteristics of the oil field pump setting depth, severe corrosion, try to use high strength and anti-corrosion sucker rod. （2）建立一套完善的油管杆鉴定及管理体系，确保质量和合理使用。(2) establish a perfect tubin