英语音标发音规则2009.doc

英语音标发音规则2009-12-30 19:421. 元音:1) i: 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek(ee)eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please(ea)he she me(e)piece receive ceiling (ie,ei)2) i 发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) e 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any5) : 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious graciouspleasure familiarcollar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account agoelephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listenfamulus Saturday7) a: 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) 发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) 字母组合 al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw10) 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash11) u: 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full12) u 字母组合 oo ou ulook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf13) ei 字母组合 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) ai 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) au 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town16) u 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) i 字母组合 oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) i 字母组合 eerbeer deer ear idea near here fierce19) 字母组合 ear airpear bear chair air fair care there where20) u hour tour poor flower showerei ai aU EU Ri i Z UE2.容易混淆的元音 ebad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad saidi： eireal rail greet great mean main read raide aibet bite red write said side head hideau rhouse horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count cornau found fond down done gown gone town ton3.子音1) p pen pear play pig pour pull push2) b book big boot bike bread break3) t tree two ten ton town twenty city4) d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) k king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母 k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母 c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母 x)school schedule schema (字母组合 ch)6) g girl good goal goat grade long language7) m man make moon morning move come comb8) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) N uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) l long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) r read red right run room write12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife （字母 f）cough laugh rough（字母 gh）physic photo phone (ph)13) v very evening even every voice vest(字母 v)of (字母f)14) s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母 s)license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母 c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) z zoo zebra zero zap (z)close nose hose suppose pause those whose (se)16) think thank three thirty tooth mouth17) that this those these though18) sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash (sh)nation attention stationsocial specialsure19) pleasure20) h hot hop home house horse how who21) w when what where window wind wood22) j yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) t child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch）catch watch match （字母组合tch)24) d age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk25) tr tree country try treat track trunk26) dr dry dream drop drive drink27) ts students boots boats goats nuts28) dz goods woods moods hoods4.容易混淆的辅音v wvest west vet wet vine wine very wells sink think mass math miss myth sort soughtz close cloth breeze breathen thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing 英语音标表发音 原文地址 英语音标表发音规律记忆口诀u 英语音标表、字母表- 字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀一、尝试用“胸腔辅助送力-口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母，感觉学习标准发音，直到感觉音准，流利，升降调式自如为止。印刷体：大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 手写体倾斜：（注意四线格占格要求）大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ei / bi: /si: /di: / i: /ef /dVi: / eitF / ai / dVei / kei / el /em /en /Eu /pi:/kju: /B: /es /ti: /ju: / vi: /dQblju: /eks /wai /zi: u 先观察以上字母的读音，然后，把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类：(1) ei _ _ _ _ (2) i: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (3) ai _ _ (4) Eu _ (5) u: _ _ _ (6) e _ _ _ _ _ _ (7) B: _ 二、 英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表英 语 音 标（采用口腔后部发声法发音） 发音特征 元音*母音 单元音 声带振动 前元音：i:/ I: e A 发音清晰响亮 气流通畅 中元音：Q E E: / : 后元音：B: C: C u: 双元音 振动 ai ei Ci iE ZE/ eE uE au Eu 辅音*子音 哑辅音 不振动 ptk fsWF h tFtrts 发音含糊晦涩 气流受阻 浊辅音 振动 dg vzTV r dVdrdzmnN l/l wj 辅音连缀 prplblkrklgrglfrflsnslskspswdwhwkwtw Wr pju:bju:tju:dju:kju:gju:fju:vju:lju:mju:nju:hju:zju 三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：(也就是单词的音标怎么读。/与我们汉语拼音很相似) （拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。）拼读口诀：元音为中心，划分音节、按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音，轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音，轻/闭音节读短音。例子：hehi:, name neim, tableteibl, bicyclebaisikl, teacherti:tFE, red, cap, and, thank, basket, yellow, umbrella, *详细内容见后面第五节(本材料第8页)：五、音节划分。 u 小测试：音标拼读练习。ai + E aiE au+ E auE h+ iE hiE p+ ZE pZE t+Ci tCiei+ tF eitF tF +eitFei g+EugEu k+aukau sn+EusnEupr+auprau pl+eiplei gr+i:gri: gl+u:glu: kl+B:klB:kl+B:+sklB:s t+u:+Wtu:W +au+nbraun r+Q+ErQbE+B:+s+k+tbB:skit t+i:+tF+Eti:tFE Q+m+e+l+EQmbrelE bai+si+klbaisikl brQ+TEbrQTE四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则（或一般规律）：1. 为什么要掌握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律？目的只有一个，让我们能够做到-见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要反过来，学会语音认字（类似我们的拼音认字），通过多加练习，逐步达到听音写字、音义结合的水平。第三步是形义结合，练习英语汉语意义对应翻译。例1：假如你知道字母组合ee一般发音是i: (规律), 那么，meet这个单词就脱口而出了。单词(词形)： meet 词义：遇见；初次见面/认识；满足迎合；迎接/出迎。 _-_-_ 读音/音标 例 2：单词(词形)：which 词义：哪个，哪些 _-_-_ 读音/音标 例 3：单词(词形)：whose 词义：谁的？ _-_-_ 读音/音标 例 4：单词(词形)：pl ea se 词义：请，求你了, _-_-_ 读音/音标 2. 英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：（要求熟记于心，脱口而出）?总口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连，元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。?辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。b发, c发k, ci(y) ce多发s; 例词：blue, table, Crisp, class, picture, actor, pencil, bicycle, nice,d发d, f f, g发g dV, V少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee, green, egg, orange, garageh h, j发dV, k / l k l可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan, book, look, blue, Klan classm m, n nN, p p q k r 发r; meet, am, no, green, thank, English, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,s 最多s和z, 趋唇F V也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please, sureF, usuallyV, pleasurex 发音剪头端，ks多于gz面； six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam, (后接重读元音)t 发t, v 发v, w 辅音w来念； teacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim, wash, which, white最后一个字母z，发好z音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle, ?辅音字母一见发音表： b c d f g h j k l m n kcap d f gegg h dV k l m n scity dV -l Ng/k table rice bed coffee orange high jeep book blue meet nose blue bicycle dog fly garbage hello Japan keep ball room pen Vgarage table thank p q r s t v w x (y) z p k r sdesk t v w ks jyes z -r zeasy gz aimy pencil quick rose Vusually sit voice wash box busy zoo open quarter sorry pleasure teacher invite swim exam very zero teacher Fsure little quickly freeze ?常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。wh发音 h 和 w, th 常发 W 和 T；ch/tch多发 tF, 有时发音 F 或 k；sh F, ph f, gh 不发或发 f(词尾)；gedge 多发 dV, ck 发 k, kn n; ng 易发 N Ng, qu发音 kw 和k。wr 发卷趋 r, 双写分节不分音。 动词或复数词尾s /es, 多发sz/ 和iz; ts ts dsdz例词：wh发音 h 和 w, wh - which, white, what, where, when, why whose, who, whole *whew hw-th 常发 W 和 T；th - this, that, the, they, with thank, three, tooth, forth, eleventhch/tch多发 tF, 有时发音 F 或 k；(t)ch - chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch chase(追赶，追击，追求), ache, headache, chemist machinemEFEn, chaise Feiz (带篷二轮马车)sh F, ph f, gh 不发或发 f(词尾)； sh - shoe, ship, sheep, fish, wash, ash ph - photo, telephone, phrase gh - right, light, daughter laugh, cough gedge 多发 dV, ck 发 k, kn n; (d)ge - orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥，稀饭) ck - black, kick, lock, backkn - knife, know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下), knit (编织), knob(球形把手, 旋钮), knack (诀窍), knight(骑士,武士; *金山游侠，金山公司出品的游戏修改软件),ng 易发 N Ng, qu发音 kw 和k。ng - sing, song, long, wing English, hungryqu - quick, quite(相当，十分), quiet (安静的，平静的), quarter, require, cheque(支票), unique(唯一，独有独特的), technique(技巧), wr 发卷趋 r,wr - wrong, write, wrap(包，裹), wrist(手腕), wrest(拧，扭), wrestle(摔跤), wring(绞，扭)双写分节不分音：miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella 双写元音字母：see, zoo, bookts/tes - its tail(它的尾巴), two baskets /boats(两个篮子/小船), my coats /shirts (我的上衣/衬衫), three hats(三顶帽子), five cats(五只猫), many streets(许多街道), two packets(两个包裹/两包.), some presents/ sweets(一些礼物/糖果), two biscuits (两块饼干), a box of chocolates (一包巧克力糖), ten minutes (十分钟), two gates (两扇大门), in my pockets (在我的口袋里), two lights /kites (两个灯 /风筝), two nests (两个鸟巢/窝), two tea-pots (两个茶壶), some carrots (一些胡萝卜), Whats this? Its a pen. sits, ds/des- two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, their heads, two blackboards, goods(商品/货物), 辅音连缀：pr - practice, praise, pray, press, price, proud, pl- please, play, plane, plan, place, plain, plenty (丰富, 大量), pliers (钳子(如老虎钳,手钳,扁嘴钳等),镊子), plod(沉重地走, 辛勤工作), plop (扑通落下), plum(李子), plug(插头,插上),br- brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), brain, break, bread, breed (使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养), brown, bride(新娘), bribe(贿赂, 向行贿), brush bl- black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue, cr-/kr- crab(螃蟹), cradle(摇篮), cream, crop, cricket(昆蟋蟀, 运动板球) criticize(批评, 责备), cry,cruel(残忍的), kraut(泡菜), Kremlin (克里姆林宫), cl-/kl- class, claim(根据权利)要求得到, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要) clean, clear, clock, close, click(发出滴答 声,单击n.滴答声) , club(俱乐部, 夜总会,), klaxon (高音喇叭/气笛, 电喇叭), Klan (=Ku Klux Klan)三K党) gr- grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green, great, grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), grin(露齿笑, 裂口笑), groan(呻吟(着说), gruffly (说话或态度粗暴地, 粗声地, 生硬地)gl- glass, glad, gleam (发微光, 使闪烁), glide(滑行,滑翔), globe(地球仪), glove(手套), glue(胶水/胶合) fr- France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的, 无经验的), frequent (频繁的), friend (朋友), fried, fry, frog (青蛙), from(自，从)，front (前面,前线,阵线), fruit (水果, 果实, 果类, 成果), frustrated (感到灰心/失败的) fl- flat, flag, flame(火焰,热情), flap (拍打, 鼓翼而飞, 飘动), flares (喇叭裤), flash (闪光, 闪现, 一瞬间), flea (跳蚤), flee (逃跑, 逃走), fleer (狞笑, 讥笑), flesh (肉,果肉), flinch (畏缩, 退缩, 畏首畏尾), floor (地板，楼层),float (漂浮,浮舟,彩车), flood (洪水, 水灾, 淹没, 涌进,涌出) flour (面粉), flow (流动, (河水)泛滥, 洋溢), flower(花) , flu (流感), fly (飞翔，飞行)，flub (做得不好, 弄糟), fluent (流利的, 流畅的), sl- slave (奴隶), slander (诽谤), slaughter (屠宰, 残杀, 屠杀), sleep (睡眠, 睡觉), sleet (下/雨加雪, 下冰雹), sleeve (袖子), slice (薄片, 切片), slim (苗条的, 纤细的), slip (滑倒, 失足), slogan (口号, 标语), slow(ly) (慢的/地), sly/ slily slaili(狡猾的/地), sm- small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦地), smarty (=wise guy自作聪明的人), smell(气味, 臭味, /嗅, 闻到, 散发(.的)气味, 有(.的)气味), smile ( at) 微笑), smog (烟雾), smoke (n.烟, 烟尘, 烟幕/v.抽烟, 吸烟vi.冒烟), smuggle (n.走私, 偷带v.走私), sn- snow, snake, snack (吃)快餐/小吃), snail (蜗牛), snap (猛咬), sneer (冷笑,轻蔑的笑), sneeze (打/ 喷嚏),snob /snobling (势利的年轻人, 势利小人), sk- skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑过, 浏览), skin (皮肤, 兽皮, 皮毛), skint (身无分文的, 穷光蛋的), skip (跳, 蹦,跳读), sky-blue (天蓝色的, 淡蓝色, 蔚蓝色) sp- space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹), Spain (西班牙), spare (多余的, 剩下的/分让给),spell, speak (说话, 谈话, 发言, 演讲, 说明事实, 表示意见,操(某种语言), spear (spiE矛, 枪), specific (spisifik特效药, 详细而精确的, 明确的), spice (香料, 调味品,情趣), spider (蜘蛛), sport(运动,运动会), spume spju:m(n.泡沫v.(使)起泡沫), spumous (adj.起泡沫的, 泡沫状的), spurspE:(n.踢马剌, 剌激物v.鞭策), sputter spQtE(n.vi.vt.说话急快/唾沫飞溅/飞溅出/喷溅声), sputum spju:tEm(唾液, 痰), spy (特工, 间谍, 侦探,/秘密侦察),st- stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足), stage (舞台,戏剧,举行), star (星, 恒星, 明星, 名角), start (动身,开始,着手惊动,惊起,起动,发动), staff (棒, 杖, 杆, 支柱, 全体职员), stadium (露天运动场/体育场), step, steep(陡峭的), stick (棍, 棒, 手杖/粘住, 粘贴), stop, student, stupid (愚蠢的, 麻木的), stupidity (蠢事,糊涂事), stutter (口吃, 结结巴巴的说), style (风格, 时尚, 文体), sw- swab (swCbn.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水潭,垂花饰), swear(宣誓, 发誓), sweat(n/v.(使)出汗),sweater(厚运动衫, 毛线衫), sweep(扫, 打扫, 清扫, 席卷, 冲光), sweepup(n.大扫除), sweet(甜的, 可受的, 美好的, 芳香的/n. 糖果),swim (swam,swum), swing (swang, swung,秋千, 摇摆, 摆动), swicky(美威士忌酒), swig(n/v.痛饮, 大喝特喝(尤指从瓶口喝的), swiftly(迅速地, 敏捷地), swindle (sb of骗走某人的), swob(拖把, 海棉), swobble(大口地吃), swoon(vi.昏晕, 昏厥惊讶, 酣睡n.狂喜, 陶醉), swoop(n.突然下降, 猛扑vt攫取vi.飞扑, 突然袭击), sword(剑), swot(at./ for./up; vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人, 辛苦的工作), dw- dwarf (dwC:fn.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小), dwell(at./in.居住 停留于;on./upon.细想, 详述),tw- twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain (tweinn.两, 双, 二, 一对), twin(s), twig (twign.嫩枝, 小枝, 末梢), twice(twaisadv.两次, 两倍), twiddle (withv.玩弄, 旋弄,捻), twill (twiln.斜纹织物vt.把.织成斜纹adj.斜纹织物的), twine (twainn.合股线, 细绳, 麻线, 搓v.搓, 织, 编饰, (使)缠绕), twinge(twindVn.一阵一阵痛, 如刺一样痛, 剧痛vt.使一阵一阵痛, 刺痛), twinkle (5twiNklv.闪烁, 闪耀, (使)闪光n.闪烁, 发光, 牛眼), twist(twistn.一扭, 扭曲,手法, 螺旋状vt.拧, 扭曲, 绞, 搓, 捻, 使苦恼, 使转动, vi.扭弯, 扭曲, 缠绕, 扭动, 呈螺旋形),two,thr- three, thread(线，细丝, 线索, 思路, 螺纹), threaten(恐吓, 威胁), threnode (哀歌), thrive(兴旺, 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 旺盛), throw(扔，抛，投，摔，掷，丢), through (通过，穿过，透过/时间从的开始到末了，从头到尾；场所到处，全面), throat (咽喉, 喉咙, 嗓音, 窄路), throne (王座, 君主), throstle (=wood thrush画眉鸟), thruput(吞吐量), thrust(力推, 冲, 插入, 挤进, 刺, 戳), thrypsis(5Wripsis粉碎性骨折),* u 提前练一练，看看有何难。小测试： 1). 见字读音: 写出下列单词的音标。class this your you here Sandy Crisp 2). 音义结合：写出下列读音所对应的汉语意义。klB:s _; hiE _; blu: _; sku:lbAg _; kQm _;3). 听音写字：根据音标写单词。klB:s _; hiE _; blu: _; sku:lbAg _; kQm _;hu:z _ it _ pli:z _ daun _ ru:lE _ kQm _4). 形义结合：英汉互译（即，写出对应的英语或汉语意思）。her -_; thank-_; 定冠词/ 这个或那个-_; 书-_; rubber -_; 小姐 -_; 帽子 -_; Sit down please. _; Thank you. _; Here you are. _; Yes, it is. _; Come here, please. _; ?字母L的两种读音口诀：音节开头发清音l -, 音节末尾模糊音- l,l - lazy, like, look, long, lubber (lQbE adj.粗笨的, 笨拙的n.傻大个), black, please, clock, color, toilet, holiday, English, Italian, nationality, lollipop, - l girlE:l, ball C:l, small, schoolu:l, wellel, smell, level(E)l, smileail, hillil, oldEul, cold, childail, children il, full ul, beautiful ul, apple pl, people, pupil, table bl, impossible, label (贴)标签), little tl, bottle, title, middle dl, cradle(摇篮),bicycle kl, eagle gl, pencil sl, puzzle -zl, dazzle5dAzl(眩目，晃眼，耀眼), 常见音节尾音总结：i:l / il / el/ Al / Ql / El / E:l / C:l / Cl / u:l / ul / ail / eil / Cil / iEl / uEl / aul / Eul / -pl / -bl / -tl / -dl / -kl / -gl / -fl / -vl / -sl / -zl / -pEl / -bEl / -tEl / -dEl / -kEl / -gEl / -fEl / -vEl / -sEl / -zEl ?元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。重开音节多长音，eii:aiEuju:/u:来拼；重闭音节/轻音短，AeCQEa接r /ss常发B:/A, 还有eiA C/C: E。e的发音首数e，空尾/重i:轻E。重开音节i发ai，重闭/轻音短E。o发长音EuC:u:，短音QCE one殊。u字多发 ju:和Q，忙碌busy(i)加u:。y头发j重读ai，轻音/结尾变来。ay ,ey, o/uy，多发ei,Ciai。r前元音常卷舌，S后弱音须强化。相近发音不规则，省力顺口是关键。相近/强化加弱化，使得元音多变化。例词：a- / ei / B:/ A/ C:/ C/