主谓一致讲解82977.ppt

Subject VerbAgreement 主谓一致 语法一致 就近原则 意义一致 就远原则 主语 附属结构 作主语 谓语与主语一致 即主语是单数形式 谓语动词用单数形式 主语是复数形式 谓语也用复数形式 即主语形式上为单数 但意义为复数 因此谓语动词用复数形式 或主语形式上为复数 但表示单数意义 这时谓语动词用单数形式 即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式 取决于最靠近他的主语 语法一致 1 当主语由and连结时 如果表示同一人或同一物时 谓语动词用单数 此时and后面的名词无冠词 如表示不同的人或物时 谓语动词用复数 此时and后面的名词有冠词 Theworkerandwriter be fromWuhan 那个工人兼作家Theworkerandthewriter be fromBeijing 那位工人和那位作家 is are TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting A isB wasC areD were 答案B 注 先从时态上考虑 这是过去发生的事情应用过去时 先排除A C 本题易误选D 因为TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor好象是两个人 但仔细辨别 monitor前没有the 在英语中 当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词 后面的职务用and相连 这样本题主语为一个人 所以应选B Thegiftisusedtohavewesternmeals Whatisit aknifeandfork Aknifeandfork usedtohavemeals is asingeranddancer Thesingeranddancer onthestage is Goingoutforawalkaftersupperisagoodhabit 晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯 Toseeistobelieve 眼见为实 Whetherwe llgodependsontheweather 我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏 2 动词不定式 短语 动名词 短语 或从句作主语时 谓语动词常用单数 例如 Something has have gonewrongwithmywatch Anybodywho break breaks therulewillbepunished 3 不定代词somebody someone something anybody anything everybody everyone everything nobody noone nothing等作主语 谓语动词用单数形式 has breaks Twopictures onthewall whichattractmanypeople Onthewall twopictures whichattractmanypeople Theirteacher amongthestudents whoisinherthirties Amongthestudents theirteacher whoisinherthirties 4 倒装句中的语法一致 are are stands stands 5 由分数或百分数 名词作主语时 谓语动词的形式与of后面的名词的数一致即分数或百分数 of 不可数名词或单数名词 谓语动词用单数分数或百分数 of 复数名词 谓语动词用复数 Tenpercentofthepupils absenttoday Three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth sea are is 1 由集体名词 如group family class government team public enemy crowd audience club party crew等作主语时 如果看成一个整体 谓语动词用单数形式 如果看成其中各成员 则用复数形式 Hisfamilyisverylarge 他家是一个大家庭 Hisfamilyaremusiclovers 他的家人都是音乐爱好者 意义一致 Thegroup madeupofninestudents Thegroup dancinghappily is are Theteam somegoodplayers have Theteam handsome be has are Choosethecorrectverbformtocompletethefollowingsentences 1 Theresearchgroup is are madeupoffivepeople 2 What do does thegroupwantfortheirlunch 3 Ourfamily is are notpooranymore 4 Hehastoworry Hisfamily is are waitingforhim 5 Theclass is are morethanfortyinnumber is do is are is 6 Theclass have has disagreedamongthemselvesaboutwheretheyshouldgoandhaveapicnic 7 Thegovernment has have spentmorethantwomillionyuaninplantingtrees 8 Thecitygovernment has have differentopinionsaboutnextyear splan have has have 注意 但集体名词为people police cattle等在任何情况下谓语动词都用复数形式 9 Thepolice is are searchingforthethief are Neitherdog big A isB are Neitherofthem big A isB are A Neitheroftherabbits handsome A isB are A B Neitherrabbit handsome A isB are A A B 2 代词作主语 neitherofnoneof 不可数名词 可数名词 neither 单数名词 谓语动词用单数或复数 Howtousenoneandneither 谓语动词用单数 谓语动词用单数 3 Neitherofus was were readywhenthepartybegan 4 Noneofthem has have watchedthetalkshow have has was were 1 Noneofthesepeople doctors A hasB haveC areD was2 Neitherofthem agoodsinger A wasB isC wereD isusedtobe C B 3 表示时间 距离 金钱等复数名词作主语 表达一个整体概念时 谓语动词则用单数形式 Twoyears passedsinceIleftNingbo Onemilliondollars agreatsumofmoney Everymeans beentriedsincethen hasB haveC areD is2 Nonews goodnews is are 3 Maths physics thesubjectthatIlikemost is are 4 以 s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义 谓语通常用单数形式 如news maths physics theUnitedStates works等作主语 谓语动词用单数形式 has is is is has 5 the adj 作主语 the adj 表示一类人 谓语动词用复数 如theold theyoung therich thepoor等the adj 表示某个人或一类抽象的事物 谓语动词用单数 如thebeautiful thegood等Theold takengoodcareofinoursociety Therich forthedecisionbutthepoorareagainstit Thewounded ayoungboy Thebeautiful notalwaysthesameasthegood are are was is e g Tomisoneofthestudentswho goodatplayingfootball Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho goodatplayingfootball are is 注意 在 oneof 复数名词 关系代词 的结构中 定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式 但是若前有theonly 将其限定为只有一个时 谓语动词用单数形式 AorBNotAbutBEitherAorBNeitherAnorBNotonlyAbutalsoB Verb 就近原则 1 我们教室里有一台电视机和56张桌子 Thereare56desksandonetelevisioninourclassroom Thereisonetelevisionand56desksinourclassroom 存在句 Therebe 结构 HereThere Verb AandB A BandC Notonlyyoubutalsohe wrong is are Neitheryounorhe right is are There twoshopsandacinemabesidetherailwaystation is are Here amapandahandbookforyou is are is is are is 1 Oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity A isB areC amD be 2 Nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm A isB areC amD be 3 NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother A isB areC amD be 4 NeithermywifenorImyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind A isB areC amD be 5 Eithersheoryou goingtovisitBeijing A isB areC amD be 6 Manyaman thestory A believesB believe7 Morethanoneman diedintheaccident A hasB have8 Morethanfivemen diedintheaccident A hasB have A A B 当主语后面跟有aswellas asmuchas nolessthan alongwith with like ratherthan togetherwith but except besides including等引导的词组时 其谓语动词的单 复数由主语的单 复数而定 1 Theteacherwithtwostudents atthemeeting was were 2 E mail aswellasthetelephones animportantpartindailycommunication A isplayingB haveplayedC areplayingD play was A 就远原则 A谓语动词与第一个主语A保持一致Allbutone be herejustnow Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks be offeredtothenationasagift Apeasanttogetherwithsomesoldiers be abouttohelpus withalongwithtogetherwithbesidesbutexceptincludingaswellasratherthan B were is is 1 NobodybutBettyandMary lateforclassyesterday A wasB wereC hasbeenD havebeen2 Awomanwithsomechildren soon A iscomingB arecomingC hascomeD havecome3 Everything includingtheclothes stolenthatevening A isB wasC areD were 7 Nooneexceptmyparents anythingaboutthis A knowB knowsC isknownD areknown8 Theteacheraswellasthestudents thebookalready A hasreadB havereadC arereadingD isreading9 Allbutone intheaccident A waskilledB werekilledC willbekilledD arekilled ThenecklaceThestoryhappenedinParis Oneday Petertogetherwithhiswife invitedtoaballatthepalace Bothofthem verygladtoaccepttheinvitation Notonlyanewdressbutalsosomejewellery needed But