非谓语动词语法讲解讲解PPT课件.ppt

非谓语动词语法讲解 1 非谓语动词分类不定式 todo 动词ing ed形式 2 非谓语动词可以担当的成分 3 1 Toseeyouisglad It sgladtoseeyou 2 Iwanttoseeyou 3 Myhopeistoseeyou 4 Iwanthimtoseeyou 5 Heisthemantoseeyou 6 I mgladtoseeyou 7 Iwenttoseeyou 8 Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou 作主语 作宾语 作宾补 作表语 作定语 作原因状语 作目的状语 作结果状语 4 1 Thiscupisbroken 2 Thisisabrokencup 3 Ifoundthecupbroken 4 BrokenbyTom thecupcan tbeused 过去分词一般不作主语 宾语 作表语 作定语 作宾语补足语 作状语 5 1 Swimmingishisfavoritesport 2 Heenjoysswimming 3 Hisfavoritesportisswimming 4 Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver 5 Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow 6 SwimminginSummer wecangetcool 作主语 作宾语 作宾补 作表语 作定语 作状语 6 非谓语动词的用法区别 7 不定式和动名词作宾语 8 下列动词常用不定式作宾语 aim ask dare appear arrange demand help hesitate pay plan wait fail seek prepare happen mean prove expect wish hope decide refuse offer learn agree choose promise pretend manage care determine afford等 如 Heofferedtohelpus Ididn texpecttofindyouhere Theyrefusedtoaccepthisinvitation Thelittleboypretendedtobeasleepwhenhismothercamein 9 2 下列动词通常用 ing形式作宾语 admit report appreciate deny explain mention resist stand stop imagine recall suggest mind finish enjoy keep practise miss avoid delay excuse escape consider advise等 如 Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere Thegirlwastoldtopractiseplayingthepianoforthreehourseveryday Goodnewskeepscoming Tinasuggestedspendingtheweekendonherfarm Haveyoufinishedcorrectingthestudents papers 10 3 下列动词接不定式与接 ing形式意义相近 like love hate dislike begin start prefer continue intend attempt等 如 Iprefermaking tomake anoutlinebeforeIdomyoralcomposition Wealllikeplaying toplay tabletennis Thentheybeganmaking tomake plansforthework 11 但是它们之间也有细微区别 Todo指具体某次的行为常用不定式 指惯常的行为常用 ing形式 如 Ilikereadingbooksofthiskind 惯常行为 Ihatetosayso butreallyIcan tgowithyou 具体某次行为 Iprefertostayathometoday 具体某次行为 Hepreferswalkingtocycling 惯常行为 12 4 下列动词接不定式与接 ing形式时意义不同 stoptodo停下 正在做的事 去做另一件事stopdoing停下正在做的事 forgettodo忘记做某事 此事未做 forgetdoing忘记曾做过某事 此事已做 如 Heforgottoposttheletterwhenhewalkedpastthepostoffice I llneverforgetseeinghimforthefirsttime remembertodo记得要做某事 此事未做 rememberdoing记得某事已做过 此事已做 如 Irememberseeingheroncesomewhere Youmustremembertotakeyourumbrellawhenyouleavehome 13 goontodo继续做另一件事goondoing接着做同一件事如 Shestoodupandshookhandswithme andthenshewentonwritingsomething AfterIfinishedmyhomework 1wentontoreadthenovel trytodo企图 想做某事trydoing试着做某事 看看有什么后果发生 如 Wetriedtopersuadehimtogowithus buthewouldn tlisten Let strydoingtheworksomeotherway 14 meantodo 意思是 想做某事meandoing意味着做某事如 Revolutionmeanslibratingtheproductiveforce Sorry Ididn tmeantohurtyou regrettodo遗憾地做某事 通常后接say tell等动词 regretdoing后悔做了某事如 Iregrettotellthatyoudidn tpasstheexamagain Heregrettedhavingtoldherthebadnews 15 5 注意有些动词如 advise permit allow admit forbid imagine consider接不定式与接 ing形式的不同结构 这些动词后面跟复合宾语时 用不定式作宾补 advise permit allow admit forbid imagine consider sb todosth 这些动词后面直接跟非谓语动词时 用动名词 doing advise permit allow admit forbid imagine consider doingsth 16 2020 3 22 17 5 WeallconsiderJohn be anhonestboy 6 Ourbossforbids chat duringofficehours 7 Therulesdonotpermitplayers step outofbounds 8 Theboybeggedtopermithim explain 9 Theyoungmanimagined live onalonelyisland 10 Itwasuselesstoforbidchildren play here toplay living toexplain tostep chatting tobe 18 不定式 分词和动名词作定语 19 位置 1 动词不定式作定语通常放在被修饰的名词后面 如 Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou Thepoorchildrenhadlittletoeat 它和被修饰的名词有时有动宾关系 如 Thereissomebooksforyoutoread 可看成 toreadsomebooks I dliketogetsomethingtodrink 可看成 todrinksomething 20 如果这个作定语的不定式是一个不及物动词 注意不可忽略不定式短语中的副词或介词 如 Ineedapentowritewith 可看成 towritewiththepen Shenowhasnothingtoworryabout 可看成 toworryaboutnothing 21 意义 不定式作定语表示将来的动作 如 Thebridgetobebuiltnextmonthisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver 现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作 如 Thebridgebeingbuiltnowisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver 过去分词作定语表示已完成的动作 如 Thebridgebuiltlastyearisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver 22 即时巩固练习 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1 Theman question inthepolicestationnowisaspy 2 Aman respect otherswillberespected 3 shecanfindnoone make friendswith 4 Isthereanybody answer thequestion 5 Halfoftheguests invite totheconferencewereforeigners beingquestioned respecting tomake toanswer invited 23 6 Shewouldbethebest agree theopinion 7 Thematter discuss isveryimportant 8 Thatistheway operate themachine 9 Shewasthenaprofessor love byallherstudents 10 Withmuchmoney spend theboyformedabadhabit toagree beingdiscussed tooperate loved tospend 24 不定式 现在分词 过去分词作宾补 25 现在分词作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有主动关系 强调动作在进行 如 Isawhimfallingoffhisbikejustatthatmoment 看到他时他正从自行车上掉下来 不定式作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有主动关系 强调动作的过程 Isawhimfalloffhisbikeandhurthisleftleg Theyweremadetoworkdayandnight 他们被迫日夜干活 天天如此 不是某个时刻正在干活 IsawabirdcaughtbyTom Isawtheboybeingbeatenby 26 即时巩固练习 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1 Imeanttobuyaneveningpaper butIdidn tseeanyone sell them 2 Iknowthat be afact 3 Pauldoesn thavetobemade learn Healwaysworkhard 4 Thepatientwaswarned noteat aftertheexamine 5 JustnowIsawaman walk inthestreet withalittlegirl seat onhisshoulder selling tobe tolearn nottoeat walking seated 27 6 Theladylovedtohaveherluggage weigh 7 Whodidtheteacherhave clean theblackboardjustnow 8 Businessesarebeginning develop newmethodsofreachingcustomers 9 Thethiefwascaught steal goodsinthesupermarketagain 10 WhathappenedtoMr Whiteearlythismorning Oh hewasseen knock downandthedriver drive away weighed clean todevelop stealing knocked drove 28 不定式和分词做状语 29 不定式表示结果 含有没有预料到的情况的意味 Igotuponlytofinditwasrainingoutside 起来时没有料到在下雨 Hewastooexcitedtosayaword 太激动了说不出话 是没有预料到的情况 分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的情况 如 Hisparentsdied leavinghimalotofmoney 父母去世 钱留给儿子 这是自然的事 Theoutputofirondecreasedby23 lastyear reaching80 000tons 产量下降 到了80 000吨 这是必然结果 30 ed 主句 不强调时间先后 Beinged 主句 强调主句和从句动作同时发生 Havingbeened 主句 强调时间先后 如不强调时间先后可用ed 一般式来代替 1 UsedasameansoftrafficinChina thebikeisveryuseful 2 Beingusedbymenow thebikecan tbelenttoyou 3 Havingbeenusedformanyyears thebikeneedsrepairing 4 WritteninsimpleEnglish thebookiseasytoread 5 Havingbeentoldseveraltimes 可以写成 Toldseveraltimes hecouldn tunderstandwhatImeant 31 即时巩固练习 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1 Whywastheofficialmeetingcalled select newofficer