美国文学Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow朗费罗

HenryWadsworthLongfellow 1807 1882 朗费罗 HenryWadsworthLongfellow LifeWorksEvaluationTheSecretoftheSea Life LongfellowwasborninMaine OneofhisgrandfatherswasastateSenatorandtheothergrandfatherhadbeenaRevolutionaryWargeneralandaCongressman Followinghisgraduationin1826fromBowdoinCollege wherehewasaclassmateofNathanielHawthorne LongfellowwenttoEuropetostudy WhenhereturnedtotheUnitedStatesthreeyearslater hetaughtEuropeanlanguages firstatBowdoinandthenatHarvard After18yearsofteachingatHarvard heresignedhispositionbecausehefeltitinterferedwithhiswriting Duringhislifetime 19th centurywriterHenryWadsworthLongfellowrankedasoneofthemostpopularAmericanpoets WhileLongfellow scontemporariespraisedhispoetryforitsclarityandsimplicity manymoderncriticsfaulthislinesfortheirlackoforiginality OneofLongfellow smostlastingcontributions however mayhavebeentheroleheplayedinpopularizingpoetryinAmerica Works VoicesoftheNight1839 夜籁集 BalladsandOtherPoems1841 歌谣及其他 Evangeline1847 伊凡吉林 Hiawatha 海华沙之歌 TalesofaWaysideInn1863 1872 1873 路边酒肆的故事 BelfryofBrugesandOtherPoems1845 布鲁茨的钟楼及其他 APsalmofLife 1838 人生礼赞 Evaluation Duringthelastyearsofhislife Longfellowreceivedmanyhonors includinghonorarydegreesfromCambridgeandOxfordUniversitiesinEngland Afterhisdeath abustofLongfellowwasplacedinthePoet sCornerofWestminsterAbbey thefirstAmericantobesohonored Inthelate19thcentury LongfellowwaswithoutadoubtthemostpopularAmericanpoet Beforedeath CambridgeandOxford 2 InvitedtoWindsorbyQueenVictoria 3 CalledbyrequestuponthePrinceofWales 4 BreakfastingwithBritishPrimeMinister 5 ElectedmemberofRussianAcademyandof 6 75thbirthdaycelebratedbythenation SpanishAcademy 1 Receivinghonorarydegreesfrom Afterdeath Afterhisdeath hebecametheonlyAmericantobehonoredwithabust 半身像 inthepoet scornerofWestminsterAbbey Longfellowbecameagreatteacherofthemasses Ifhisworstfaultisthathemadepoetryseemsoeasytowritethatanyonecoulddoit hisgreatestvirtueisthathemadepoetryseemworthreadingandworthwriting Styleofhispoetry Style purity Directness sweetness Simplicity gentleness musicality sentimentality moralization fromallwalksoflife idealizedvisionofworldandlife traditional HenryWadsworthLongfellow 1807 1882 HenryWadsworthLongfellowisnotedasthemostpopularAmericanpoetofthenineteenthcentury Hispoetryandnarrativeworksarelyricalwithaneasyrhythm makingthemmemorable Upliftingwithtopicsthe everyman canrelateto Longfellow spoetryhumsinpeople smindslikeafavoritesong TherearetworeasonsforthepopularityandsignificanceofLongfellow spoetry First hehadthegiftofeasyrhyme Hewrotepoetryasabirdsings withnaturalgraceandmelody Readorheardonceortwice hisrhymeandmetersclingtothemindlongafterthesensemaybeforgotten Second Longfellowwroteonobviousthemeswhichappealtoallkindsofpeople Hispoemsareeasilyunderstood theysingtheirwayintotheconsciousnessofthosewhoreadthem Aboveall thereisajoyousnessinthem aspiritofoptimismandfaithinthegoodnessoflifewhichevokesimmediateresponseintheemotionsofhisreaders AmericansoweagreatdebttoLongfellowbecausehewasamongthefirstofAmericanwriterstousenativethemes HewroteabouttheAmericansceneandlandscape theAmericanIndian SongofHiawatha andAmericanhistoryandtradition TheCourtshipofMilesStandish Evangeline Atthebeginningofthe19thcentury Americawasastumblingbabeasfarasacultureofitsownwasconcerned ThepeopleofAmericahadspenttheiryearsandtheirenergiesincarvingahabitationoutofthewildernessandinfightingforindependence Literature art andmusiccamemainlyfromEuropeandespeciallyfromEngland NothingwasconsideredworthyofattentionunlessitcamefromEurope But thefloweringofNewEngland asVanWyckBrookstermstheperiodfrom1815to1865 tookplaceinLongfellow sday andhemadeagreatcontributiontoit HelivedwhengiantswalkedtheNewEnglandearth giantsofintellectandfeelingwhoestablishedtheNewLandasasourceofgreatness NathanielHawthorne RalphWaldoEmerson HenryDavidThoreau OliverWendellHolmes andWilliamPrescottwereafewofthegreatmindsandspiritsamongwhomLongfellowtookhisplaceasasingerandasarepresentativeofAmerica Washeagreatpoet Hewascertainlyagrandpoet andinthepublicmindthegrandestofhisdayandage NoAmericanpoetofanyera it ssafetosay hasbeenbothasawesomelyprolificandprodigiouslypopular IfWaltWhitman hisyoungercontemporarybyadozenyears isenshrinedasthefoundingfatherofmodernAmericanpoetry Longfellowdeservesnolessthantoberememberedasthenativebardwhogavemythicdimensiontothecountry shistoricalimagination anationalpoetofepicsweepandsolemnfeelingwhocamealongrightatthemomentwhentheemergingnationhadthemostneedforone Conclusion 大海的奥秘 美 亨利 沃兹沃思 朗费罗作 李正平译 啊 我有一种多麽美妙的幻觉 每当我极目凝望海洋 所有昔日的浪漫传奇和我的梦境 都又重新回到我的心房 丝绸锦帆和薄绢缆绳 象古代传说一样闪烁发光 那些水手们引吭高歌 传来回声在岸边飘荡 尤其是那首西班牙民歌 常常激起我的联翩遐想 那是关于高贵的阿纳多斯伯爵和那个水手的神秘的歌唱 象浩淼的波涛席卷了海滩 沙砾在水中泛着银光 伴随那轻柔而单调的节奏 流动着无韵的抒情诗行 它描述了阿纳多斯伯爵 他的雄鹰栖落在他的手上 他看见一艘富丽堂皇的船只 正朝往陆地驶向前方 还描述他听见那位年迈的舵手唱的歌粗犷而又嘹亮 随航的海鸟听了也敛翅垂翼在桅樯上空盘旋翱翔 他不知不觉内心充满了渴望 突然大声疾呼 情绪激昂 也教我学唱这首奇妙的歌吧舵手 看在上苍的份上 你也想了解大海的秘密 舵手的回答就是这样 想要掌握海洋奥秘的人 只有敢于冒险去劈风斩浪 每当有帆影掠过天涯海角 每当海风扑面微微轻扬 我都能看见那艘堂皇的船只 也听见那些曲调苍莽悲凉 不知不觉我内心也满怀渴望想要了解奥秘而探索海洋 那汪洋大海跳动的心脏使我心潮起伏 激情回荡 HymntotheNight黑夜赞歌 IheardthetrailinggarmentsoftheNightSweepthroughhermarblehalls IsawhersableskirtsallfringedwithlightFromthecelestialwalls 黑夜拖曳着衣裾 扫过她大理石的殿堂 来自天幕的光 将她黑裙的边绣成穗状 Ifeltherpresence byitsspellofmight Stoopo ermefromabove Thecalm majesticpresenceoftheNight AsoftheoneIlove我感到她的出现 因她符咒般的力量 从天空俯于我身上 黑夜降临 平静而端庄 一如我钟爱的姑娘 Iheardthesoundsofsorrowanddelight Themanifold softchimes ThatfillthehauntedchambersoftheNightLikesomeoldpoet srhymes 我听到声音 有喜悦有忧伤 温柔和谐 多种多样 如古老诗歌的韵律 在黑夜鬼魂出没的房间回荡 FromthecoolcisternsofthemidnightairMyspiritdrankrepose Thefountainofperpetualpeaceflowsthere Fromthosedeepcisternsflows 自午夜空中清凉的水池 我的灵魂畅饮修眠 那些深深的水池中 流淌着永久平静的清泉 OholyNight fromtheeIlearntobearWhatmanhasbornebefore Thoulayestthyfinger