网衣属3个中国新记录种.doc

网衣属3个中国新记录种 西北植物学报，2019，39 (9)16921698Acta BotBoreal-OidentSindoi107606jissn100040252019091692网衣属3个中国新记录种阿尔古丽加玛哈特，热衣木马木提。 (大学生命科学与技术学院，乌鲁木齐830046)xbzwxballjournal摘要该研究以采集于中国地区的网衣科网衣属地衣标本为试验材料，采用形态解剖学、地衣化学物质检测方法和系统发育学方法，观察分析网衣属地衣的形态解剖特征、次生代谢产物以及核糖体DNA内转录间隔区(internal transcribedspacer，ITS)系统发育树，依据形态解剖数据、次生代谢产物种类以及系统发育树分类地位更为综合的鉴定种。 结果显示 (1)共鉴定出网衣科网衣属3个中国新记录种暗色网衣(Lecidea fuscoatrinaHertel8L Leuckert)、珠光网衣(Lecidea perlatolica HertelLeuckert)和多器网衣(Lecidea polypyidophora URuprTUrk)，并提供了3个新记录的形态解剖图。 (2)ITS系统发育树结果表明，暗色网衣与近缘种Lecidea atrobrunnea原种及亚种、Lecidea fuscoatra、珠光网衣与近缘种Lecidea promiscens以及Lecidea polypyidophora与近缘种Lecidea andersonii各形成一个分支，依据分支组成可将形态差异不明显的近缘种鉴别开。 关键词新记录；系统发育学；分类学Q94934文献标志码AThree LecideaLichens New to ChinaAERGULI(College ofLifeScienceJiamahat，REYM Mamut+Xinjiang University，Urumqi830046，China)AbstractIn thispaper，morphology，anatomy，lichen chemistryand molecularbiology methodswere selected tostudy thespecimens of Lecidea fromXinjiang，and morphological characters，the secondarymetabolitesand thephy|ogeic treeof ITSwere studiedThe resultsshowed that (1)there werethreespecies of Lecidea new to Chinawhich wereLecidea fuscoatrinaHertel&Leuckert，LperlatolicaHertel&Leuckert and L户oZy户yc竹idopor口URupr8L Turk，and photosof the thallus，apothecia，asciand aseosporesof themwere provided (2)The taxonomicstatus of the threespecies and the relatedspecies werestudied anddiscussed throughthe ITSphylogeny indetailThe threespecies and the relatedspecies respectivelyformed threeclades andwere used to identifythe specieshaving subtlemorphologicaldifferencesKey wordsnewrecord；phylogeny；taxonomyLecideaceae wasestablished byChevallier1and LecideaAehis thelargest genusof Lecideaceae whichwas describedfirstly byAcharius引Aording toZahlbruckner，about1200specieswere includedin thechenologistspointedgenus3IHowever，some liout that there wereonly100species belongingto Lecidea sensu stricto?Now Lecidea sensustrictois amediumsized genus2019-0516；修改稿收到日期2019-0724基金项目国家自然科学基金(31670023，31760052)作者简介阿尔古丽加玛哈特(1992一)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为植物分类学。 Email1019465928qqcorn*通信作者热衣木马木提，副教授，现主要从事地衣资源调查研究工作。 Emailreyimmamutxjuedu万方数据9期阿尔古丽加玛哈特，等网衣属3个中国新记录种(英文)1693of Lecideaceaeand thediagnostic charactersof Lecidea arethe carbonizedaSCHS1ecidecine apothecia，Lecideatype anddark greenepihymenium acceptedby mostpeople引Of themore than100taxa belongingto Lecideasensstr，76species werereported inChinaE815IWemainly studiedthe genusof LecideafromXinjiang Provincein China，and threespecieswere recordednewto ChinaLecidea fuscoatrina，Lecidea perlatolica and LecideapoZ了p了c竹ido夕ora thathave beenidentified1Materials andmethodsThe specimenscollected fromXinj iangare deposited inthe LichenResearch Centerof XinjiangUniversityin ChinaThallus sectionswere investi-gated inwaterNpothecial anatomywasstudied byhandcut sectionsmounted inwater，10KOH solution(K)，Ca(C10)2saturated solution(C)and015aqueous IKI(I)The specimenswere anatomically examinedwith OlympusSZM45and Nikon EclipseE200microscopeWe measuredthesize of thethallus and apothecia，and thethicknessof theepihymenium，hymenium，subhymenium，hypothecium andexciple，andthe sizeof ascosporesThin layerchromatography(TLC)with system Cwas usedto detectsecondary metabolitesLl6|Total DNAwas extracted from thallusorapothecia byusing theDNeasy PlantMiniKit(Qiagen)aording tothe manufacturers protoc01ITSlFEl7and ITS4c18primers wereselected toamplifythe nuclearribosomal internaltranscribedspacers(ITSl andITS2)andtheintervening58SrDNAThe PCRreactions contained25“L PCRmix，19肛L ddWater，2pL ofeach primers，and2肚L DNAextractionsThe PCRprocedure forITSwas asfollows94for4min，34cycles of94for30s，55for30s，and72for1rain，andfinal extensionat72for10rain19】The PCRproductswere directlysequenced bySangon Biotech inShanghaiA llsequences generatedin thepaperwere submitted to GenBankandtheGenBank aessionnowere labeledin boldin Table1Phylogeic treesfor thesingle genedatasetsTable1A listof species。 specimens andGenBank aessionnumber ofsequences usedfor thephylogeic analysesSpeciesVoucherNoLocalityITSLPfid矿口口ndPrsDniiHerbarium Tuerk33001AustriaEU257683Lecide口口ndersoniiLecidea andersoniiLecideaandersoniiLecidear06r“nnPnHerbarium Tuerk33002Herbarium Tuerk35888Herbarium Tuerk35920LD LichGroenlExsiati770Lecidea atrobrunneasubsp5|2xo$aUCRiverside176128Lecidea fuscoatraLecideafuscoatraLecidea fuscoatrinaLecidea perlatolicaLecidea promiscensLecideapol，p，idophorqLecidea polypyidophoraLecidea polypyidophoraLeeidea polypyidophoraLecidea polypyidophoraLecideapolypyidophoraLecideapoIypidophornHerbarium Tuerk40136Gottingen37073AustriaAustriaAustriaAustriaAustriaAustriaGermanyReymWuernshaxx10700Xi哪iang，ChinaAbbas et alxx2855Abbas et al510373Abbas et alxx7587Abbas el alxx7599aAbbas et alxx7582Abbas et aixx7599cHerbarium Tuerk33648Herbarium Tuerk33640xi哪iang，Chinaxi面iang，ChinaSpainxi面iang，Chinaxinjiang-Chinaxi叫iang，Chinaxi哪iang，ChinaAustriaAustriaEU257684EU257686EU257687EU259897EU259898EU263922HQ650662MK591838MK595453MK595687JX036051MH232960MH231423MH232546MH231446EU257681EU257682Lecidella carpathicaAnkara06100Central AsiaKF570279万方数据16驰!兰竺兰兰兰(ITS)were performed by MEGA7020|Phylogeic relationshipswere constructedby maximumlikelihood(ML)methods2Taxonomy21Lecidea fuscoatrinaHertel&Leuekert，Li。 chen Floraof theGreater SonoranDesert RegiOil(Tempe)2299 (xx)，【Fig1)THALLUS crustosetosubsquamulose，thickAreoles up to15mmin diam，surtace lrregular cracked，yellowish green，uneven，coveredbv ayellow to brownish gelatinouslayer，plane toslightlyconvexMedulla1一Hypothallus absentAPOTHECIA blacksubimmersedto apDressed toareoles，without constrictedbase，125mm indiam；when young，disc planeuncracked，margin distinct；when old，disc plaosomewhat convex，cracked，epruinose，margin indistinctEFIihymenium darkgreen-black toblack，1525址m thickHymenium hyaline，5065tLmtall，I卜blueSubhymenium hyaliopalevellow，3050肛m thickHypotheciumdarkbrOWn，up to200tzmASCI clavate，8一sporedAscosDores hyaline，simple，ellipsoid，56 (8)1011“mParaphyses scarcelybranched，notswollen or swollen at the apicesChemistrycortex K一，C-，KC一Medulla I一Secondarv metabolitesconfluenticacid andAThauus；BApothecia；CApothecium secti。 n；DExciple andhypothecium withcrystals；EAscus；FA8。 8p。 8Fig1LecidPn fusfoarin。 (ReymWuernshaxx10700，XJU)万方数据。 期阿尔古丽加玛哈竺竺!奎里!竺!里翌兰量翌!苎兰!兰gyrophoric acid(TLC)Substratenoncalcareous rocksDistributionAmericaE21|NewtoChina。 RemarksLgfid阳fuscoatrina ismorphologicallysimilar to Lfuscoatra(L)Ach，but theydifferchemicallv，the formerhas confluenticacid andgyroDhoric acidwhile thelatter hasonly gyrophoricacidAlthough Lfuscoatrinaresembles Latrobrunnea(DC)Schaermorphologically，it differsinbrownerhypothecium andlarger ascosporesSpecimen examinedChina，Xinjiang，alt2060m。 60ctoberxx，Reym&Wuernshaxx10700(XJU)22Lecidea perlatolicaHertelLeuckert，Lichen FloraoftheGreater SonoranDesert Region(Tempe)2299 (xx)。 (Fig2)THALLUS crustose，areolate，thin tomedium thick，continuousAreoles up to08mmin diam。 surface rough，medium greytoolivegreen，unevenMedulla I+intensively violetHypothal一1US absentAPOTHECIA black，appressedto areoles，with constrictedbase，14mm indiamDisc flattoplane，cracked，epruinose，marginundulateEDihymenium darkgreenish blackto black，10-15“m thickHymenium hyaline，4045pm tall，I+FAThalIus；BAp。 thecia；CApothecium section；DExciple andhypothecium withcrystalsEAscus；FAscospore；GParaphysesFig2Lecideaperlatolica(Abbas eta1xx855，xJu)万方数据1696西北植物学报39卷blueSubhymenium hyaliO paleyellow，4060btm thickHypothecium hyaline，up tO160umASCI clavate，8一sporedAscospores hyaline，simple，ellipsoid。 345712umParaphyses scarcelybranched，not swollenorswollenattheapicesChemistrycortex K一，C一，KC一Medulla I+Secondary metaboliteseonfluenticacidandperlatolic acid(TLC)Substratesiliceous rockDistributionAmerica2New tOChinaRemarksLecidea perlatolicais closelyrelatedtoLatrobrunnea andLpromiscens NylmotphologicallyCompared withLatrobrunnea，Lperlatoli(d obtainslighter areolesthallusandhasno reactionwith KsolutionLperlatoli(differsfrom Lpromiscens inhyaline hypothecium，thickcontinuous thallusThey allhave eonfluenticacid，but Lperlatoli(，a containsperlatolic acidSpecimen examinedQinghe，Ahai，XinjiangProvince，ah137l m，26Junexx，Abbas Axx855(XJU)；Hashituoluogai，Ahai，XinjiangProvince，ah1000m，15Augustxx，Abbas A20180122(XJU)；Qinghe，Ahai，Xinjiang Provinee，alt1371m，17Junexx，Abbas Axx0756(XJU)；Jiangbulake，Urumuqi，XinjiangProvince，alt1911m，18July2018，Abbas A，LLmAThallus；BApothecia；CApothecium section；DExciple andhypolhecium withcrystalsEAscus；FAscospores；GParaphysesFig3LP(ideapolypyidophora(Abbas etaIxx7582，xJu)万方数据9期阿尔古丽加玛哈特，等网衣属3个中国新记录种(英文)1697Jiamahat A，Xiaokait X20180122(XJU)23Lecidea pDfypycHfdDp矗or口URupr&Tfirk，in Ruprecht，Lumbsch，Brunauer，Green&Tfirk，in Balks，Butler，Gordon&HowardWilliams(eds)，Antarctic Science22 (6)738 (xx)(Fig3)THALLUS developed，areolate，round toangular，somewhere granular，along theseam ofstoneAreoles creamwhite towhitish，unevenPyidiadistributed overthe areolesat fissuresMedullaslightly I+viloletHypothallus absentAPOTHECIA black，adnate，sessile，withoutconstricted base，always someapothecia gatheredanddesenly grouped，closely roundor irregularDiscblack，plaoslightly convex，faintlycracked，with thinwhitish pruinose，up to2um indiamMargin thinor indistinct，lower thandiscEpihymenium darkgreen toblack。 1525Lm tallHymenium hyaline3060,m highSubhymeniumhyaline，4080gmHypothecium yellowishbrowntobrown，upto100umExciple outerpartdark green，thin；inner parttransparent，upto100,mASCI clavateAscospores simple，hyaline，ellipsoid，345 (10)11135umParaphysescoherent，branched，faintly swollenattheapicesChemistryCortex K一，C一，KC一Medulla I+faintly violetSecondary metabolitesnil(TLC)Substrategranular rockML-bootstrap supportequal orabove50are indicatedNewly generatedsequences inthis studyare inboldFig4Maximum likelihoodtree iMerredfrom someITSsequences of LecideaDistributionContinental Antarcticac22|Newto ChinaRemarksLecidea polp了idophora isclose一1Y relatedtoLandersonii FilsonandLcancriformis CWDodge&GEBakerComparedwith Landersonii，Lpolypyidophora hasmedulla slightlyI+violet。 a betterdeveloped thallusandindistinct marginLcancriformis obtainsadarker brownhypothecium andlarger aseosporesSpecimen examinedBalikun，Hami，XinjiangProvince，alt2149m，18Julyxx，Abbas A，Jiamahat A，Xiaokait X20180122(XJU)；Chonghuer，Altai，Xinjiang Province，ah850m，11Augustxx，Abbas A050314(XJU)；Mulei，Changji，Xinjiang Province，alt1600m，2Julyxx，Abbas A(U)；Tianchi，Changii，XiangProvince，alt1027m，27Augustxx，Abbas A，Jiamahat A，Xiaokait Xxx10040(XJU)3，PhylogenyWe usedthe blastsearch toolofthe NationalCenterof BiotechnologyInformation(NCBI)to assure thatall thesequences extractedwere originatedfromLecidea genusand thennewly generatedDNAsequences weresubmittedtoGenBank ofNCBIResults aredemonstrated inFig4Lecidellacarpathica wasselected asthe outgroupThe aligned18SITSl58SITS228S regionis posedof9taxa and594sitesLecidea polypyidophorawasresolved asastrongly supported clade(MLBS一70)and thensister toLandersonii，whichwere alsoresolved inastrongly supported clade(MLBS=68)The providedsupport clade(MLBS一97)was prisedofLperlatolica andLpromiscensLfuscoatraand Lfuscoatrina(MLBS一76)were clusteredwith theclade(MLBS一98)formedby Latrobrunnea4DiscussionThe analysesclearly revealedthat themolecular dataare usefulto identifyspecies whichhavethe subtlemorphological differencesLfuscoatraand Lfuscoatrina formed a wellsupportedcladeThey havedifferences inmorphologicalcharacters万方数据1698西北植物学报39卷Lfuscoatrina hascracked apotheciaand lighteryellowishgreen subsquamulosethallus21|Theother wellsupportedcladewas prisedbyLperlatolica andLpromiscensAs theremarksshowed thatthey couldbe distinguishedchemicallyand morphologyLperlatolica canbe identifiedbyLatrobrunnea andLpromiscens fromwhichhas thickcontinuous olive-green thallus，hyalinehypothecium andperlatolica acidFurthermore，LpoZy户yf，2idoop五or口formedamonophyleticgroup asa sistertoLandersoniiCompared withLandersonii，L夕oZy户yc挖ido户矗or口has medullaslightlyI+violet，a betterdeveloped thallusandindistinct margin21|The phylogeicresults supported themorphological identificationofL知5一coatrina，LperlatolicaandLpolypyidophoraAcknowledgmentsThe researchwas supportedby NationalNature ScienceFundation ofChina(31670023，31760052)We alsoextended sincerethanks toShouYu Guo(State KeyLaboratory ofMycology，Institute ofMicrobiology，Chinese Academyof Sciences，Beijing，China)for givinghelp inwriting thepaperReferencesr1CHEVALLIER FFFlore G6n6des Environsde Paris，Scionla M6tode NaturelleMParisChez FerraJeune，1826549E23ACHARIUS EMethodus quaomnes detectosLiehenesMStoekholmiaeFDDUlrich，18033933ZAHLBRUCKNER ALichensIn Engler&Prantl，DieNatorlichen Pflanzenfamilien22JA“ftLeipzig，1926，861-27043HERTEL HWorld distributionof speciesofLecidea(Lecanorales)ourring inCentral EuropeMlInCentral EuropeanLichensDiversity andThreatNewYorkMycotaxon，Ltd，xx7451KIRK PM，CANNON PF，MINTER DW，eta1Dictionary ofthefungi，10th edMWallingfordCAB International，xx3666SMITH CW，APTROOT A，COPPINS BJ，eta1The lichensofGreat Britainand IrelandMLondonThe BritishLichenSociety，xx271-7HERTEL HSchlfissel derArten derFlechtenfamilie Lecideaceae inEuropaJBibliotheca Lichenologica，1995，581371808WEI JCAn enumerationof lichensin ChinaMBeijingInternationaI AcademicPublishers，19912789ABUDULLA Awu JNLichens ofXinjiangMUrumuqiSciTech&Hygiene PublishingHouse ofXinjiang，1998r10APTROOT A，SPARRIUS LBNew microlichens fromTaiwanE l-Fungal Diversity，