高中英语-虚拟语气精讲(超全整理篇).ppt

TheSubjunctiveMood 虚拟语气 英语动词有种语气陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气 用来表示说的话不是事实 或者是不太可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议 假设的语气叫虚拟语气 三 虚拟语气的应用 A 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用B 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用C 虚拟语气在某些句型中的应用 A 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用 条件句中虚拟语气的考点1 基本用法 2 混合条件句 3 虚拟条件句的省略和倒装4 含蓄条件句 主从句的谓语形式 时间 If从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 将来 did were haddone would could should might V 原 would could should might have done 1 did were2 shoulddo3 weretodo would could should might V 原 与现在事实相反 did be were should would could might do 与事实相反 1 Ifhehastime hewillgoshoppingtonight 2 IfIhadtime Iwouldvisityou 与过去事实相反 haddone should would might could have done Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful themallwouldnotbeonfirenow Ifyouyourfather advice hadtaken Youinthetrafficjamnow wouldn thavetrapped 与将来事实相反 did were shoulddo weretodo should would could might do 表示与将来事实相反 条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should wereto 动词原形 而主句中的谓语动词则用would should couldmight 动词原形 明天要是周日的话 我们就不参加考试了 Ifitshouldfail Iwouldtryagain 要是失败了 我会再试一次 IfitwereSundaytomorrow wewouldn thaveanexam 主从句的谓语形式 时间 If从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 将来 did were haddone would could should might V 原 would could should might have done 1 did were2 shoulddo3 weretodo would could should might V 原 If虚拟句的省略和倒装 如果条件状语中有were had should时 可以省略if倒装成 Were Should Had 主 其他 WereIyou Hadhebeenthereyesterday Shoulditsnowtomorrow IfIwereyou Iwouldtryitagain Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 如果我是你 我会再试一次 如果他昨天在那儿的话 他就会看那部电影了 如果明天下雪 我们就不出去了 4 Ifit rain tomorrow we notgoout 5 be Iingoodhealth I go withyoutomorrow rained shouldrain weretorain wouldnotgoout Were would shouldgo 含蓄条件句 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来 而是隐含在某些词或短语中 如 otherwise without butfor等 或者从上下文中表示出来 这种情况叫含蓄条件句 主句要用虚拟语气 Eg Without Butforyourhelp wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress 1 Iwasillthatday 0therwise I take partinthesportsmeet 2 I give youmorehelp butIwastoobusy 3 Amanwhostoppeddrinking be deadinsevendays 4 Butforwater it be impossibletoliveinthedesert wouldhavetaken mighthavegiven wouldbe wouldbe Thissamething happeninginwartime wouldleadtoadisaster 条件暗含在分词短语happeninginwartime中 Hestudiedhardathighschool orhecouldn thaveenteredBeijingUniversity 暗含条件是连词or Alone hewouldhavebeenterrified 暗含条件是alone 1 条件暗含在短语中 如 WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou 条件暗含在分词短语withoutyou中 Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway 条件暗含在不定式短语todoitthisway中 Butforyourhelpwecouldn thavesucceededintheexperiment 暗含条件是butforyourhelp B 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用 虚拟语气的常考形式 一坚持 二命令 四建议 五要求 一 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 insist order command suggest advise propose recommend desire demand request require ask 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 shoulddo shoulddo shoulddo 1 坚持 insist2 命令 order command3 建议 advise suggest propose recommend4 要求 ask demand require request desire that sb should do 或是 that sb sth should bedone 宾语从句 我们建议Tom去休息一下 他坚持要我与他同行 他们要求派Tom去那儿工作 老师要求作业要及时完成 Wesuggested that Tomhavearest Heinsisted that I should gowithhim Theyrequested that Tom should besenttoworkthere Theteacherasked that ourhomework should befinishedintime Itisordered commanded suggested advised requested required demanded that should do Itissuggestedthatwe should practisereadingEnglisheveryday 一 主语从句 that不可省略 这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用shoulddo The One sinsistence order command suggestion advice proposal recommendation request requirement demand desireis wasthat should do 二 表语从句 Thesuggestiongivenbyourteacheristhatwe should practisereadingEnglisheveryday that不可省略 a thesuggestion request 等 that should do Shemadearequestthatthedoctor should besentforatonce Theteachergivesusasuggestionthatwe should practisereadingEnglisheveryday 三 同位语从句 that不可省略 It ssuggestedthattheplan should becarriedoutatonce Theoldwoman sdemandisthatherson should cometoseeheronceaweek Weareinfavoroftheadvicethatthefactory should becloseddown 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 Heinsistedthathewasnotathiefandthathebesetfree Herpalefacesuggestedshewasill 注意 若insist表示 坚持说 suggest表示 表明了 暗示了 后面是宾语从句用陈述语气 他命令用专机送药品 一 两个常考虚拟语气句型 Ifitweren tfor 要不是 固定句式 与现在事实相反 Ifithadn tbeenfor 与过去事实相反 butfor 二 虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式 Ifitwerenotforlackingmoney Iwouldgotravellingrightnow Wereitnotforlackingmoney Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp wecouldn thavefinishedtheworkyesterday Haditnotbeenforyourhelp butfor butfor 二 Ifonly 要是 就好了 IfonlyIwereabird Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice Ifonlyshewouldgowithme 与wish的宾语从句相似 onlyif只要 就 只有 才 引导的从句位于句首 主句倒装 倒装 Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoentertheroom 三 犹如 好像 仿佛asif asthough 假设情况非事实时 用虚拟语气 若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实 用陈述语气 Itlooksasifwewillbelate 试比较 Hewalksasifheisdrunk Hewalksasifheweredrunk 他真的醉了 他没有醉 Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain 快要下雨了 不会下雨 Asif asthough在虚拟语气中的用法 asif asthough sbdid were sbhaddone sbwould coulddo 现在 过去 将来 与wish的宾语从句相似 should 四 宁愿 但愿 wouldrather 宁愿 但愿 sbdid 与现在或将来情况相反 sbhaddone 与过去情况相反 Iwouldratheryoureturnedmemymoneynow Iwouldratherwehadn ttoldherthebadnews Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow sbdid sbshoulddo 注意 should不能省略 五 Itis high about time that 是时候 做某事 现在 将来 It snecessary strange natural 自然的 理应如此的 important thatsb should do 六 在表达惊异 惋惜 遗憾 理应如此等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气 1 Itisimportantthatwe master精通 aforeignlanguage 2 真奇怪 她竟然拒绝来参加party It s thatshe tocometotheparty 3 鸟在树上安歇 休息是很自然的 Itis thatabird intrees should master should refuse strange natural should rest 三 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况 1 if2 insist suggest3 asif though insist suggest各有两种意思 用不同的语气 insist 坚决 持要求做某事 用虚拟语气shoulddo insist 坚持认为 坚持说 用陈述语气 Themaninprisoninsistedthathe do nothingand be setfree Thepatientinsistedthathe notbe illand notbe senttothehospital HeinsistedthatIhadreadhisletter HeinsistedthatIshouldreadhisletter 他坚持说我看过他的信 他坚持要我看他的信 haddone shouldbe wasn t shouldn tbe suggest 建议 用虚拟语气 即shoulddo suggest 表明 暗示 用陈述语气 Hesuggestsweshouldgoatonce Herexpressionsuggestedshewasveryangry 他提议我们马上出发 她脸上的表情显示她生气了 1 Theteachersuggestedthatwe practise moreafterclass 2 Herpalefacesuggeststhatshe be illtoday should practise is Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifitwerebroken Thedarkcloudsaregathering Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain asif asthough 6 Itisstrangethathe make suchamistake That sunexpected 7 Itwasrequiredthateachstudent bring enoughfoodonthetrip 8 Mydemandisthatyou get upatsix 9 Hespeaksasifhe be anEnglishman 10 Theytalkedasifthey be goodfriendsforyears shouldmake bring should get were hadbeen Exercise Iadvisedthatyou thejobassoonaspossible AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish2Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay beraised AshouldBwouldCmustDcould 3 MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork thedoctorsuggestedthathe there A notwentB won tgoC notgoD nottogo 4 Theteacherdemandedthattheexam beforeeleven A mustfinishB wouldbefinishedC befinishedD mustbefinished 5 Jane spalefacesuggestedthatshe ill AbeBwasCshouldbeDis6 Heinsistedhe right A wereB wasC beD is 7 Heinsistedthatallofus get thereontimebyanymeans 8 Heinsistedthathe notsteal thedimond andthatheshouldbesetfree should get hadn tstolen 考题点击Hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable A tryB triesC musttryD cantry 2 Shemadethedemandthatthejournalists atonceforIraq A leaveB leavingC leftD tobeleft 3 Weareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting A shouldputoffB wasputoffC beputoffD istoputoff 4 Itishightimethechild tothehospital A issentB wouldbesentC mustbesentD weresent 5 IfonlyI drivingbefore A hadlearnedB learnedC learnD wouldlearn 6 IwishI abird AisBwereCwillbeDare7 HowIwishthatI themoonsometimeinthefuture AhadvisitedBwouldvisitCvisitedDwillvisit 8 I dratheryou methenews A nottellB nottotellC didn ttellD hadn ttold E Exercises 8 安徽卷 Itisluckywebookedaroom orwe nowheretostaynow A hadB hadhadC wouldhaveD wouldhavehad 9 江苏卷 Itmighthavesavedmemuchtrouble theschedule A didIknowB haveIknownC doIknowD hadIknown10 重庆卷 Withouthiswartimeexperiences Hemingway hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms A Didn twriteB hadn twrittenC wouldn twriteD wouldn thavewritten 13 Ifwe atableearlier wecouldn tbestandinghereinaqueue havebookedB bookedC bookD hadbooked14 DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest No Ifso he hiscartoourcollegeyesterday woulddriveB droveC wouldhavedrivenD haddriven 答案 D 解析 考查虚拟语气 根据句意 如果我们早点订桌的话 我们就不可能在这里站着排队了 可知if从句是对过去的虚拟 用过去完成时态 答案 C 解析 考查虚拟语气 根据句意 如果这样的话 乔治已经通过驾照考试 他昨天就驾车来我们大学了 可知是对过去的虚拟 Ifso Ifhehadpassedthedrivingtest 主句使用情态动词 havedone 故答案选C 15 IshouldnothavelaughedifI youwereserious thoughtB wouldthinkC hadthoughtD havethought16 Mymomsuggeststhatwe eatoutforachangethisweekend A shouldB mightC couldD would 答案 C 解析 考查虚拟语气 此处为if虚拟条件句 其主句使用的是shouldhavedone 可知是对过去的虚拟 故从句用过去完成时态表示对过去的虚拟 答案 A 解析 考查虚拟语气 题干关键词为suggest 表示建议 其后所接的名词性从句应用 should 动词原形 的虚拟语气 故选A 17 IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore he abletospeakitmuchbetternow willbeB wouldbeC hasbeenD wouldhavebeen18 Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild sfirsteyeexam attheageofsixmonthsold A wasB beC wereD is 答案 B 解析 考查虚拟语气 此题为if虚拟条件句 从句时间为before 故是对过去的虚拟 用过去完成时态 主句时间为now 故是对现在的虚拟 因此用情态动词过去式后接动词原形 答案为B 答案 B 解析 考查虚拟语气 题干关键词为recommend 表示 推荐 建议 后接宾语从句时应用 should 动词原形的虚拟语气 此处省去了should 故答案为B 19 Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning I mgladwetookanumbrella Yeah wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe hadn tB haven tC didn tD don t20 I tomycousin sbirthdaypartylastnight butIwasnotavailableA wentB hadgoneC wouldgoD wouldhavegone 答案 A 解析 考查虚拟语气 虚拟条件句主句从句均为对过去的虚拟 if从句使用过去完成时态 故选A 答案 D 解析 考查虚拟语气 根据句意 昨晚我本想要去参加我表亲的生日聚会 但我没空 选项中能表示对过去虚拟的只有D答案 用情态动词过去式后加havedone表示 高