重点短语(必修2 Unit4 Wildlife protection).doc

高中英语重点短语（必修2 Unit 4 Wildlife Protection）编稿老师孙伟珍一校杨雪二校林卉审核李文英1. 学习短语的基本含义和用法。2. 灵活运用所学的短语，学会用短语造句。重点：短语die out, in danger of, protectfrom, pay attention to的用法。难点：die有关的短语和attention有关的短语。【短语学习】1. die out 灭亡；逐渐消失 （1）绝种；灭绝（2）（风俗、习惯、观念等）逐渐消失（3）（火）熄灭Elephants would die out soon if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wish.如果允许人们随心所欲地射杀大象，那么它们不久就会灭绝。Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date.因为过时，许多传统习俗已经消失了。The fire died out in the end. 火终于熄灭了。die of 因而死（一般指死于内因，如疾病、饥饿、情感等原因）die from 因而死（一般指死于外因，如外伤、车祸、污染等）die away（声音、风、光等）慢慢变弱；逐渐消失die down（兴奋、火等）渐弱；渐息；平息die off（家庭、种族等）相继死亡；（草木）先后枯死be dying for 很想要，渴望得到be dying to do sth. 很想做某事，渴望做某事The experts try to tell people that some species are in danger of _.A. dying away B. dying out C. dying of D. dying for答案：B思路分析：考查die构成的短语辨析。die away减弱，逐渐平息；die out灭绝，死亡；die of 死于；die for为献身。句意：专家们试图告诉人们一些物种面临灭绝的危险。2. in danger of 处于危险中 in danger of 短语中of为介词，所以后面接名词/代词/动名词。The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight. Which doctor helped him out of danger?那个小男孩曾经处于失明的危险中，是哪位医生帮他脱离危险的呢？The building is in danger of collapsing. 这栋建筑物有倒塌的危险。in great danger 处于极度危险之中 in no danger 不在危险之中 out of danger 脱离危险 face danger 面临危险 put in danger 使处于危险之中 There is a danger of有危险in danger 指人或物本身处于危险中，受到外来的威胁。dangerous 形容词，指事物或事态可能引起危险，对别人构成威胁。It seemed that he was _ losing his life. Luckily, he was _ in the end.A. in the danger of; out of danger B. in danger of; out of dangerC. in the danger of; out of the danger D. in danger of; out of the danger答案：B思路分析：考查对短语的准确掌握。in danger of处于危险中out of danger 脱离危险 句意：看起来他有失去生命的危险。幸运的是最终他脱离了危险。3. protect from 保护不受(危害) protect from/ against保护不受(危害) 对于较大的事情通常用against，对于较小的事情用from。Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun.戴墨镜可以保护眼睛不受日光刺激。Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack.已经派出部队保护援助工作人员，使其免受袭击。keep sb. from doing sth.= stop sb. (from) doing sth.= prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 defendfrom/ against 保卫以抵御prevent和stop短语中的from可以省略，但在被动语态中不能省略；keep短语中的from在任何情况下都不可省略。Physical exercise can _ you against heart disease.A. fight B. support C. protect D. keep答案：C解题思路：考查动词短语的搭配。句意：体育锻炼可以预防心脏病。4. pay attention to 注意，关注 （1）attention可用much, more, little, no等修饰，表示“注意”的程度。（2）pay可以换成其他不同的动词，可表示不同的含义，如give/draw/ focus等。（3）可用attention作主语，用于被动语态，即attention must/ should be paid to。（4）attention可作先行词，后接定语从句。You speak English well, but youd better pay more attention to your written English.你英语讲得很好，但是你最好对书面英语多加注意。A great deal of attention has been paid to protecting the environment.人们对保护环境已经很注意了。give attention to 注意，对留意 draw/attract/catch/get ones attention to 吸引某人对的注意 fix/focus ones attention on 将注意力集中于，专心于 call ones attention to 要求某人注意 devote ones attention to 专心致志于 listen/watch with attention 注意倾听/观察 bring to ones attention 使某人注意 come to ones attention 受到某人的注意很多“动词+名词+介词”结构的短语（如pay attention to, make use of, take advantage of等），在考查时常改变短语原来的顺序，或出现在被动语态中，或借助定语从句，以迷惑考生，所以解题时宜用“还原法”，把短语还原成本来面貌，这样可排除理解上的障碍。 He did all he could to _, but nobody noticed him.A. draw peoples attention B. focus his attentionC. draw attention to D. pay attention Much attention should be paid to _ people destroying the rainforest.A. stop B. stopping C. keep D. keeping答案：A B 思路分析：句意：“他尽了自己所能以引起别人的注意，但没人注意到他。”draw one attention 吸引某人的注意pay attention to中的to 是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语；而且stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可以省略，而keep则不可。句意：应该多注意阻止人们毁坏热带雨林。5. come into being （指事物、局面等的）产生，形成，开始存在 come into being = come into existence 无被动语态，也不用于进行时。It is still uncertain when life came into being.生命是何时形成的还不确定。You heat this pot of water, and the steam will come into being.你加热这锅水，就会产生水蒸气。come into use 开始被使用 come into fashion 开始流行 come into force 开始生效 come into existence 开始存在 come into consideration 开始考虑 come into power当权，上台Scientists have many theories about how the universe _ into being.A. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come答案：A思路分析：come into being产生，形成。宇宙形成是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时态。1. Plants of this kind are _. Some day they will _ forever.A. dying off; die out B. dying away; die offC. dying down; die out D. dying out; die away2. The lion is out of the zoo. It is _ to visitors. So they are _.A. dangerous; in danger B. in danger; dangerousC. dangerous; dangerous D. in danger; danger3. Great attention must be paid _ welfare, especially in the poor area.A. develop B. to develop C. to developing D. developing4. No one knows for sure when such a custom first came into _.A. being B. power C. force D. sight5. We should prevent such a man as him _ like that.A. from making fun of B. from being made fun ofC. to make fun of D. to be made fun of答案：1. A 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B思路分析：1. 考查短语意义的掌握。die off（草木）先后枯死 die out 灭绝 句意：这种植物正在枯死，一段时间后它们就会灭绝了。2. 句意：狮子离开了动物园。对游客来说它是危险的，所以游客们处于危险中。3. pay attention to中的to是介词，其后接动名词，所以C正确。4. 考查固定短语come into being形成 句意：没人确切知道这风俗是什么时候形成的。5. 句意：我们应该阻止像他那样的人被取笑。取笑和他是被动关系，而且在介词from之后，所以用动名词被动形式being done。 （答题时间：30分钟）. 完成句子1. 你有患感冒的危险。You are _ catching a cold.2. We dont know when this world _(形成).3. The young driver _(死于) the wounds caused by a road accident.4. If some rare animals are killed, they will _（灭绝）.5. Our teacher always _(注意) connecting theory with practice. 语法填空Recently I failed an exam. However, 1 I came out of my teachers office. I told myself “Smile! Its not so serious.”I smiled a big smile and 2 worked a little, really.Everyone gets 3 （frustrate）sometimes. I used to be always influenced by pressure and I was often in low spirits. But one day I came 4 a sentence in the Bible: “Do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself. Let the days own trouble be sufficient for the day.” It suddenly struck me “ 5 （worry）about a problem doesnt help. Why not just give a big smile and face up 6 the trouble?”Now every time I want to cry, I remind myself that 7 （laugh）is better than tears and anger. I am 8 （convince）that theres something magical about a smile. A smile helps me recover confidence and gives me 9 courage to move on.Remember, whenever youre faced with a setback, whenever youve been treated unfairly, all it takes is determination and you can feel happy again. Smile at life, 10 it will shine on you. . 阅读理解Dear Friend,Hi! My name is Sharda Baker and Im bursting to share something with you.Theres an amazing new e-book on the Border Collie(边境牧羊犬) to assist you in having the absolutely best experience with your Border Collie. I remember the first puppy （幼犬）we bought , Shani. She was a 7week old female. Her favorite sleeping place used to be in one of my husbands old leather shoes. I didnt know then what questions to ask the breeder or what to look for when we went shopping for her. To cut a long story short we spent over $2700 on Shani over the first 2 years for 2 knee repairs and countless visits to the vet for on going allergy problems. If only I had known then what I know today about Shanis diet, exercise and general needs we wouldnt have had to pay all that money and go through that stress. I guess in a way its a bit like buying a car. If you dont know what to look for can easily end up with a car that is not really in good condition.Our second puppy “Ellie”, we bought her when she was 16 weeks old. Puppies are so cute at that age, arent they? We didnt know how to tell if a puppy has been socialized well or not. Well, we got home with a dog that was real hard work for several months. Ellie was so timid, barked all the time, was very slow learning anything and took a while to take to any visitors. We went though the hard way again! But things have changed now! Our last few dogs have been almost perfect. OK they have been to the vet once or twice for their shots but weve had no major expenses in the last 6 years. 1. Whats the main idea of this passage?A. The moving stories about raising dogs.B. The difficult experiences of raising dogs.C. Advertising an e-book on the Border Collie.D. Introduction of best Border Collie in the world.2. What can we learn from the third paragraph?A. Shani is too naughty to get her leg broken.B. Shani takes the authors too much energy to raise.C. The author lacks knowledge about raising Shani.D. The author lacks money to take care of Shani.3. Why the author mentioned “buying a car” in paragraph 4?A. To show the importance of how to buy a car in good condition.B. To prove the importance of knowing how to raise a dog.C. To present his rich knowledge about buying cars and dogs.D. To make a comparison with buying a best Border Collie. 4. Whats Ellies shortcoming?A. She is too cute.B. She barks too much.C. She is too brave.D. She always eat too much.5. Where does this article probably come from?A. A story book.B. An ad Internet.C. A magazine for teens.D. A travel guide. 七选五They say a teacher s work place is his second home. 1. _ Thus teachers and students at school tend to become like a family. This Teachers Day, being the moment of giving gifts to our loved ones, how could we miss our teachers?Below are a few gift ideas for you that could come handy while choosing the best gift for this Teachers Day: Tea SetGenerally people at work are tea lovers. On this day you could gift your teachers a tea set containing a pair of attractive tea kettles. 2. _Wind Chimes (风铃）3. _ It brings happiness and spreads across the whole atmosphere. Wind chimes make a perfect gift for festivals because it clears of the mind from stress especially in a stressful atmosphere at work. Thus wind chimes are definitely a recommended gift for this day.Desk ClockAt work, in an atmosphere filled with deadlines and lots of work, a desk clock could be really helpful. So a desk clock could be a good gift for your teachers. There are different desk clocks available in the market or you could even search online for desk clocks of different shapes and sizes. 4. _These are a few ideas hopefully helping you find the most suitable gift for your teacher. If you want the gift to be special, make sure it is given thoughtfully and not just a formality. 5. _A. They say a pleasing sound can instantly change your mood from bad to good.B. Gift your teachers a bottle of red wine.C. Just make sure it has a long lasting battery life and tells the time accurately.D. It would come really handy for them especially when teachers seem to get a lot of guests.E. This is because generally after their own homes teachers spend most of time at work.F. They not only bring good luck but also improve relationships at the workplace.G. May you have a blessed Teachers Day!. 1. in danger of 2. came into being 3. died of 4. die out 5. pays attention to. 语法填空遭遇失败，经历挫折，人生就是这样，在失败中成长，在挫折中变得更加坚强，作者以自己的亲身经历告诉我们要笑对人生。1. after 解析：考查连词。根据生活常识，只能是从老师的办公室出来后我的表现。最近我考试失败了，然而，在我从老师的办公室出来后，我告诉自己：“微笑！情况并不是那么严重。” 2. it 解析：考查代词。代替前面的“a big smile”, 我的大大的微笑真的起了一些作用。 3. frustrated 解析：考查形容词。frustrated“挫折感的，挫败感的”每个人都会有感到挫败的时候。4. across 解析：考查副词。动词的固定词组come across“遇见，偶遇”但是一天我偶然读到圣经上的一句话。 5. Worrying 解析：考查非谓语动词。“worrying about a problem”动名词短语作主语。担心问题并不能起什么作用，没什么帮助。 6. to 解析：考查介词。face up to动词固定搭配“勇于接受