2011年上海奉贤区高三英语二模【含答案!】.doc

奉贤区调研测试（2011，04 ）Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. focusB. examiningC. expressiveD. communicationE. significantlyF. neglectG. distinguishingH. reliablyI. recognitionJ. consideratePeople from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in 41 facial expressions-and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀地) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners 42 their attention on the eyes.“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and 43 the mouth.”According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human 44 of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to 45 convey emotion in a cross-cultural situation.The researchers studied cultural differences in the 46 of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western people and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of 47 faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral (中立的). They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made 48 more errors than did Westerners. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, 49 how cultural factors have differed in these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Not long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. 50 doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.Scientists 51 that babies are strongly influenced by their 52 . They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other 53 . This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings.One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a 54 woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the day the baby was born, the researchers 55 to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother. They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the newborn baby. The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby 56 liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.Another study shows how mothers can strongly 57 social development and language skills in their children. Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered 58 if they supported their childrens activities and did not interfere unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and 59 development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of 60 .The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did 61 in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.These children also were less 62 and had more problems 63 other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, 64 they suffered from depression.50. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Consequently D. Yet 51. A. witness B. assume C. suppose D. note52. A. intelligence B. environment C. nutrient D. emotion53. A. professionals B. standers-by C. caregivers D. relatives54. A. respectable B. refreshing C. pregnant D. responsible55. A. offered B. happened C. claimed D. attempted56. A. unbelievably B. coincidently C. obviously D. incredibly57. A. influence B. undertake C. prove D. resolve58. A. thoughtful B. sensible C. encouraging D. sensitive 59. A. reasoning B. logic C. sight D. language60. A. depression B. faith C. enthusiasm D. creativity61. A. marvelously B. reasonably C. favorably D. awfully62. A. aggressive B. cooperative C. open-minded D. imaginative63. A. taking on B. calling on C. going in for D. dealing with 64. A. despite B. in case C. for fear D. even whenSection B Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C or D. Choose the one that suits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Being the head of a high school for many years, I grew tired of budget meetings, funding cuts, and many other administrative chores (杂务). I started to dream of retirement. Sitting in traffic on a weekday morning, I would find my mind wandering. I would imagine spending time with my grandchildren, quiet evenings with my wife, traveling, or rediscovering some great books. I told myself that I wouldnt sign myself up for any committees, any classes, or anything requiring a schedule.My first day of retirement came at last! I cooked a great breakfast for my wife and me, leisurely read the paper, cleaned a bit of the house, and wrote a few letters to friends. On the second day, I cooked breakfast, read the paper. On the third day, This is retirement? I tried to tell myself that it was just the transition, that those golden moments were right round the corner, and that I would enjoy them soon enough. But something was missing.A former colleague asked a favor. A group of students was going to Jamaica to work with children in the poorest neighborhoods. Would I interrupt my newfound “happiness” and return to the students, just this once? One trip. Thats all. My bags were packed and by the door.The trip was very inspiring. I was moved not only by the poverty I saw but also by the sense of responsibility of the young people on the trip. When I returned home, I offered to work one day a week with a local youth organization. The experience was so positive that I was soon volunteering nearly full-time, working with students across North America to assist them in their voluntary work.Now, it seems, the tables have turned. Some days I am the teacher, other days I am the student. These young people have reawakened my commitment to social justice issues by challenging me to learn more about the situation in the world today, where people are still poor and suffer because of greed, corruption(腐败) and war. Most important, they have given me the opportunity to continue to participate in helping to find solutions. In return, I help them do their charitable projects overseas. Ive gone from running one school to helping oversee the construction of schools in twenty-one countries! 65. What did the writer expect to do after he retired?A. To write some great books. B. To stay away from busy schedules.C. To teach his grandchildren. D. To do some voluntary work.66. Why did the writer decide to go to Jamaica?A. He missed his students in that country. B. He couldnt refuse his colleagues favor.C. He cared a lot about the people there. D. He was not satisfied with his retired life.67. The underlined part “the tables have turned” means that the writer _. A. improved the situation in his school B. felt happy to work with students againC. became a learner rather than a teacher D. changed his attitude toward his retired life 68. What does the writer think of his retired life now? A. Disappointing. B. Troublesome. C. Relaxing. D. Meaningful.(B)There are few areas better than Lack Myvatn for viewing the Northern Lights and discovering the wonders of the Icelandic winter.Day 1ReykjavikAkureyriLake MyvatnFlight to Akureyri from where you will be picked up. Transfer to Lake Myvatn. Sightseeing tour of the Lake Myvatn area. After the tour, an introduction of the activities available.Day 2Free day at Lake Myvatn: optional tours available. Please note that all tours are dependent on weather and road-conditions, and therefore only booked locally at Lake Myvatn.Day 3AkureyriReykjavikThe morning will be spent at Lake Myvatn and then in the afternoon a transfer to Akureyri where you will go on a short sightseeing tour of Akureyri, enjoying the beautiful sights. Afternoon flight back to Reykjavik. Activities available at Lake MyvatnSnowmobileTake an exciting adventure on our snowmobiles out on the frozen Lake Myvatn or travel deep into the Highlands with one of our guides. 30 min and 1 hour tour available.Super-jeepSightseeing at Myvatn and a super-jeep adventure. 3 tours available: around the area of Lake Myvatn; a tour to Dettifoss, the most powerful waterfall in Europe and unforgettable at winter time; a tour further into the Myvatn area.Sightseeing toursSightseeing tours to some spectacular places: Icelandic farms, power station, museums and a search for the northern lights. These tours are recommended for all nature lovers.Cross-country skiingThe Lake Myvatn area and surrounding Highlands are great for cross-country skiing. There is a good mixture of areas from easy to more demanding and the length of each tour also depends on ones ability.Horse ridingA wonderful area that offers a great variation of trekking（跋涉）routes. On offer (削价出售) are tours from one hour to a day tour with different destinations, something to match your desire.Go-carts on iceExperience the adventure of driving on the ice of the lake. The snow is taken away and you drive with“nailed”tires. Also available is go-carts in the snow.Winter gardenDifferent kinds of amusements on the frozen lake: bowling, cricket, skating, mini golf etc. 69. What is the purpose of the advertisement?A. To inform the timetable of a trip. B. To list the steps to see the Northern Lights.C. To introduce a special traveling package.D. To introduce the wonders of the Icelandic winter. 70. Where will you spend most of the time during the trip?A. Reykjavik. B. Akureyri. C. Lake Myvatn. D. Icelandic farms.71. If you enjoy outdoor activities in winter and want to view the Northern Lights, you will join in _. A. Horse riding B. Cross-country skiing C. Go-carts on ice D. Sightseeing tours(C)A 40,000-YEAR-OLD childs little finger bone found in a Siberian cave probably belonged to someone from a previously unknown human species living near modern humans of the era, a study reported recently.For the study published in the journal Nature, scientists analyzed DNA from the bone discovered in the Denisova cave in southern Siberia. They found that its DNA was unrelated to either modern humans or their extinct Neanderthal (穴居人) cousins. The bone dates to a time when all three species apparently lived within 100km of each other in the Altai Mountain area.“I was amazed,” says study author Svante Paabo of Germanys Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology. “There were at least three different forms of humans in this region at one time.”The bone was discovered in a dirt layer about 40,000 years old. Its DNA shows the creatures ancestors separated from modern humans and Neanderthals around 1 million years ago. Researchers named the bone owner “x-woman” despite its undetermined gender. From the size of the bone tip, the team estimates its owner was a 5 or 6-year-old child.“This is really cool. It is highly likely they have found a human species distinct from modern humans or Neanderthals,” says gene expert Edward Rubin of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, who was not part of the study. Although the dating of the bone is based only on the cave floor dirt layer in which it was found, Rubin says, it probably couldnt be much older than 50,000 years to have any DNA.Within months, Paabo says, the team hopes to have samples of the DNA of the species to compare with that of modern humans and Neanderthals, who became extinct about 30,000 years ago in Europe. That should offer some hints of the biology of the study species. Although genetically distant from modern humans, the new species appears much more closely related to modern humans than apes, says study lead author Johannes Krause. He said it was undoubtedly an upright-walking human species that needed clothing to survive Siberian winters.“Forty thousand years ago, the planet was more crowded than we thought,” gene scientist Terence Brown of the United Kingdoms University of Manchester concludes in a commentary published together with the report.72. What is the article mainly about?A. A report over a previously unknown ape species.B. The discovery of a new human species.C. A new theory of human evolution.D. A study of childrens finger bones.73. Which of the following statements about the discovered bone is FALSE?A. It was discovered in the Denisova cave in southern Siberia.B. It dates back 40,000 years.C. Its owner was neither a modern human nor a Neanderthal.D. It belonged to a 5- or 6-year-old girl.74. The scientists are studying the bone to find _.A. the biology of the new speciesB. whether it is related to modern humans C. how the species survived Siberian wintersD. the exact time the child lived75. What kind of attitude does gene expert Edward Rubin have towards the finding?A. Dissatisfied. B. Indifferent. C. Delighted. D. Uncertain.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.High-quality customer service is preached (宣扬) by many, but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done.Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will warn their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers and anyone who will listen.Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to go often to their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School.“Storytelling hurts retailers（零售商）and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde Group. “The store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others, and will no longer visit the specific store. For every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be very harmful to retailers.According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting part-time local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces.Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts(布局), pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.Most importantly, salespeople should be flexible and polite with angry customers.“Retailers whore responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who arent so friendly.” said professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by complaining to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are finding it difficult to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.81. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?82. Shop owners often hire part-time police as parking attendants so that _.83. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?84. To achieve better shopping experiences，customers are advised to _.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.).Transla