2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习(3)及答案.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（3）及答案阅读理解-真题试做(2012湖南高考，B篇)Still seeking a destination for your weekend break？There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.Kings Art CentreA day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere.This weekend sees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.You could attend a class teaching you how to learn from the masters or get more creative with paintfree of charge.The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.The Botanic GardenThe Garden has over 8,000 plant species；it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.The multibranched Torch Aloe here is impressive.The African plant produces red flowers above bluegreen leaves，and is not one to miss.Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula，a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.The Garden is also a place for wildlifeenthusiasts.Look for grass snakes in the lake.A snake called Hissing Sid is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.Byrons PoolMany stories surround Lord Byrons time as a student of Cambridge University.Arriving in 1805，he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness”However，it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough.Im not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his rooms.He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake，which is now known as Byrons Pool.A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside，the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields.The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea.If you dont trust me，then perhaps youll take it from Virginia Woolfover a century after Byron，she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.61As mentioned in the passage，there is a small charge for _.Aattending the masters classBworking with local artistsClearning life drawingDseeing an exhibition62“Torch Aloe” and “Venus Flytrap” are _.Acommon insectsBimpressive plantsCrarelyseen snakes Dwildlifeenthusiasts63We can infer from the passage that Byron seemed _.Ato fear pet bearsBto like walkingCto be a heavy drinkerDto finish university in 180564In the passage Byrons Pool is described as a lake _.Asurrounded by fieldsBowned by Lord ByronClocated in GrantchesterDdiscovered by Virginia Woolf65What is the passage mainly about?ASome places for weekend break.BA way to become creative in art.CThe colourful life in the countryside.DUnknown stories of Cambridge University.真题试做61C细节理解题。根据第一则广告中最后一句“The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.”可知，此处C项正确。62B细节理解题。根据第二则广告中第二段首句“The multibranched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant.”可知，Torch Aloe是一种植物。根据第三段中“.，a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and.”可知，Venus Flytrap也是一种植物。故B项正确。63. B细节理解题。根据第三则广告中第一段最后一句“He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.”可知，他花了大量时间在村子里散步。故此处B项正确。64A细节理解题。根据第三则广告中第二段“A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields.(拜伦潭位于剑桥郡南部乡村格兰切斯特几英里处，周围是环绕田野的美丽的环形小路)”可知A项正确，排除B、C项。根据最后一句“.Virginia Woolfover a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.”可知弗吉尼亚伍尔芙并不是发现拜伦潭的人，只是继拜伦之后，在此游过泳，故排除D项。65A主旨大意题。根据文章首句“Still seeking a destination for your weekend break？There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.”可知，这三则广告都是提供给大学生周末休闲的。故A项正确。C72013安徽卷 BUsing too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less usable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers.It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater. Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall，but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs. Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too. In the United States，a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live，but theres a lot we can do to lower the number.You can take steps to save water in your home.To start with，use the same glass for your drinking water all day.Wash it only once a day.Run your dishwasher (洗碗机)only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.60Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater? AUsing river water. BThrowing batteries away. CPaving parking lots. DThrowing rubbish into lakes.61What can be inferred from the text?AAll water shortages are due to human behavior.BIt takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.CThere is much we can do to reduce family size.DThe average family in America makes proper use of water.62The last paragraph is intended to _Ashow us how to fix leaks at homeBtell us how to run a dishwasherCprove what drinking glass is best for usDsuggest what we do to save water at home 63. The text is mainly about _Awhy paving roads reduces our waterBhow much we depend on water to liveCwhy droughts occur more in dry climatesDhow human activity affects our water supply【要点综述】 人类活动对地球水资源供给的影响巨大，人类应该通过调整自身的活动方式来改变自身的生存环境。60C细节理解题。根据第一段“The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.”可知，铺设马路、停车场会导致地下水减少，而A、B、D三项都会导致水的供应量减少，而不是地下水减少，故排除。61B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“good management”、第三段中的“the way we use water every day”，以及第四段中的“take steps to save water in your home”可知，为满足我们用水的需求，需要做的努力还有很多。62D推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词“last paragraph”定位到该段第一句“You can take steps to save water in your home.”，且它后面的内容都是围绕这个主题句展开的。63D主旨大意题。根据题干中的关键词“mainly about”定位到全文的内容。文章第一段讲的是“铺设马路、停车场会导致地下水减少”，后三段讲述了“为了满足我们的用水需求，我们能做些什么”。所有这些讲的都是人类活动对地球水资源供给的影响，故选D。阅读理解考向分析分析近几年高考试题，可以发现阅读理解题呈现如下特点：1选材真实，题材、体裁多样材料大多为时文，与社会日常生活息息相关，情景真实、明确，具有浓厚的时代气息。这种关注实际生活的选材特点已呈现出明显的增强趋势。题材多样化，信息丰富，包括日常生活、科普、社会、文化、政治、经济、新闻、史地、人物传记等等；体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等。2阅读量、信息量大考查阅读能力的一个重要方面是阅读速度，较大的阅读量、信息量对考生的阅读技能是一种有效的检测方法。近几年高考试题都保持了较大的词汇量，所涉及的内容广泛而深刻，对于词汇能力的考查也继续保持了较高的要求，为考生提供了施展阅读才能的机会和开阔的思维空间。3语篇结构复杂阅读材料基本保留了其原有的语言风格，语篇结构也有一定难度。作者在阐述问题时都使用多种技巧和修辞方法，文章的展开不全是平铺直叙，而是间有倒叙、插叙等多种方式。行文的跳跃程度较大，陈述次序富于变化，隐含信息较多，再加上阅读材料的文化含量加大，文章的遣词造句趋于地道，因此，许多文段读起来感到“生涩”，有时读懂了文字，但不一定能够立刻领悟语篇的意思，常常要反复阅读几遍才能读懂。4语言难度较大具体表现在语句的长度、措辞的灵活性、一定的生词量以及替代和省略手法的运用上。简单句、复合句、虚拟语气、结构复杂的长句、倒装句、省略句以及插入语等语言现象随处可见，而且多种时态混用。词汇运用要求更高，活用词比比皆是，一词多义、熟词生义现象更是频繁出现。5题型设置合理设题手法更加灵活，设题方式呈多样化的趋势，不仅考查对文中特定信息的理解和把握，还涉及文章的主旨要义、作者的态度意图等深层理解题。题型以细节理解题为主，对推理判断题和主旨大意题的考查呈上升趋势。阅读理解答题步骤1快速浏览，掌握大意快速浏览，抓住文章中心大意以及文章的结构。浏览时不要急于做题，而要注意抓住主要信息，迅速把握文章大意和中心思想，了解文章全貌。同时通览题目，研究题目要求及选项，弄清问题所指。有的问题是针对文章中的一句话设计的，有的是针对一段话所陈述的事实设计的，有的是针对整篇文章设计的。对所提问题做到心中有数，为下一步阅读做好针对性的准备。2细读全文，找准信息抓住文章大意、明确解题的目标后，带着问题仔细阅读文章。敏锐捕捉隐含在文中的有关信息词和信息句，推敲其中的关键词语，结合上下文把握语句的含义，排除文中不存在、片面或不合逻辑的选项，作出正确选择。做题时要本着先易后难的原则，对于比较明显的，有把握的题可立刻作出选择；对于难题，要在文章中仔细查阅，认真琢磨，找出确凿的依据，运用逻辑推理，准确选出符合要求的最佳答案。3复读检查，验证答案答案选出之后，快速阅读原文，重点放在与题目有关的词语、句子和段落上，核查答案，力求答案准确无误。尤其是感觉把握不大、选择时有些困难的题目，要对照原文与选项，看看是否一致、是否合乎情理、合乎逻辑。阅读理解技法指导历年的高考阅读理解试题，基本上可分为四类题目：细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题。1细节理解题细节理解题常见的命题方式有以下几种：(1)Which of the following is NOT included/mentioned in the passage?(2)Which of the following (sentences/statements) is NOT true according to the passage?(3)According to the passage，all of the following are true except/but _.(4)The author mentions all of the following except _.(5)In the passage，the author states that _.(6)According to the passage，when (where，why，how，who，etc.).(7)Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.(8)Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of.?(9)Which of the drawings below gives an idea of.?如：(2012湖南高考，A篇)What makes a gift special？Is it the price you see on the gift receipt？Or is it the look on the recipients face when they receive it that determines the true value？What gift is worth the most?This Christmas I was debating what to give my father.My dad is a hard person to buy for because he never wants anything.I pulled out my phone to read a text message from my mom saying that we were leaving for Christmas shopping for him when I came across a message on my phone that I had locked.The message was from my father.My eyes fell on a photo of a flower taken in Wyoming，and underneath a poem by William Blake.The flower，a lone dandelion standing against the bright blue sky，inspired me.My dad had been reciting those words to me since I was a kid.That may even be the reason why I love writing.I decided that those words would be my gift to my father.I called back.I told my mom to go without me and that I already created my gift.I sent the photo of the creamcolored flower to my computer and typed the poem on top of it.As I was arranging the details another poem came to mind.The poem was written by Edgar Allan Poe；my dad recited it as much as he did the other.I typed that out as well and searched online for a background to the words of it.The poem was focused around dreaming，and after searching I found the perfect picture.The image was painted with blues and greens and purples，twisting together to create the theme and wonder of a dream.As I watched both poems passing through the printer，the white paper coloring with words that shaped my childhood.I felt that this was a gift that my father would truly appreciate.Christmas soon arrived.The minute I saw the look on my dads face as he unwrapped those swirling black letters carefully placed in a cheap frame，I knew I had given the perfect gift.56The idea for a special gift began to form when the author was _.Adoing shopping Bhaving a debateCreading a message Dleaving for Wyoming剖析：C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“I pulled out my phone to read a text message from my mom saying that we were leaving for Christmas shopping for him when I came across.”可知，作者在读母亲发的手机短信时有了给父亲买一份特殊礼物的想法。故C项正确。57The authors inspiration for the gift came from _.Aa photo of a flower Ba story about a kidCa call from the mother Da text about Christmas剖析：A细节理解题。根据第二段第三句及第六句中的“The flower.inspired me.” 可知作者在读手机短信时无意中发现一张鲜花配有小诗的相片，这给了作者灵感。故A项正确。59The author made the gift by _.Asearching for the poems online Bdrawing the background by handCpainting the letters in three colors Dmatching the words with pictures剖析：D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后可以看出，作者选中了Edgar Allan Poe的一首诗后又精挑细选了一张图片然后涂色，以制造出诗歌所表达的主题最终将其打印作为给父亲的礼物。故D项正确。细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容进行分析才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。这类题目较为容易，做此类题的方法一般是先用寻读法找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关的部分进行细读，找出正确答案。C72013安徽卷 D “People are ruder today because they are rushed and more time poor than ever before，” says Patsy Rowe, “Manners_have_fallen_off_the_radar(雷达)” Due to our strong attraction to electronic equipment it is a wonder more people dont wake up each morning and greet the singing birds with a complaint(抱怨)about the noise. Here are some examples of rudeness. Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet. To them, dealing with an actual human is like an evolutionary step backward. It feels very slow because humans dont work at 4G speeds. When you have dinner with friends, you will often notice someone paying more attention to his mobile phone. We have programmed ourselves to think that every new message brings lifechanging news, so taking calls and checking our texts are more important than talking to the people we are with. What is worse, some people even tend to send anonymous(匿名的) rude messages by email. However, rudeness is never acceptable. Dont assume it is OK to be rude if the person youre in touch with wont recognize you. If you have something awful to say, have the courage to face the person and say it, write a letter or email and sign it, or forget it. Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting.We shouldnt blame technology for our shortcomings.Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take over our lives. An important step is acknowledging our shortcomings.People spend a lot of time pointing out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if wed publicly acknowledge good manners when we see