六、 特殊句型的被动语态：.doc

初中被动语态的特殊结构形式特殊形式考的很多，除了昨天的不同时态的被动语态，现在的特殊形式也是另一个考点 一 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 二 特殊句型的被动语态： 含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch, feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。 例：Mother often makes me do some housework. I am often made to do some housework by mother. We saw him run into the classroom. He was seen to run into the classroom by us. teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。 例：he gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me. I was given a pen by her. A pen was given to me by her. My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me. I was bought a new bike by my father. A new bike was bought for me by my father. 由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。(前面已举过两例) 例：e should speak to old people politely. Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us). He took away the box. The box was taken away by him. 含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变） 例：We call him Xiao Ma. 主 谓 宾 宾补 e is called Xiao Ma by us. He found the book very interesting. The book was found very interesting by him.三、 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有： It is said that 据说,It is reported that据报道，It is believed that大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that众所周知，It is thought that大家认为，It is suggested that据建议。 例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ） 四 没有被动语态的动词： 1. 没有被动语态的词， 表示状态或特征的及物动词如 cost, fit, have, suit, write well(好写),sell well（好卖）等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了) 等不及物动词或短语以及诸如result from(缘于)，belong to,等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态 2不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear,die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last（持续）, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, come true, fall asleep, . 3.大多数系动词：be , feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) taste（尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。 例：he skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 Many changes have happened in our hometown. The film lasted for 3 months语法专练 一、把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1. We often use a recorder in our English class. _. 2. They will show a new film next week. _. 3. I saw the boy enter the room. _. 4. We often see him help his classmate. _. 5. You must turn off the light before you go to bed. _. 二、选择填空: 1. The reading room _ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned 2. The workers were made _ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 3. Food _ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. mustnt keep C. must be kept D. mustnt be kept 4. The pen _ well. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing 5. Great changes _ in the town since 1988. A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place 6. Our compositions must _ next Monday. A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in 7. The child will _ back to his parents next month. A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending 8. The classroom _ now A. is cleaning B. is being cleaning C. is being cleaned D. is cleaned 9. No permission允许 has _ for anybody to enter the building. A. been given B. given C. to give D. be given 10. I _ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. A. gave B. was given C. was giving D. had given 11. Can such a thing _ happening again? A. prevent from B. prevented from C. be prevented from D. to prevent from 12. A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building 三、用适当时态和语态的动词填空: 用一个或几个单词 1. Can he _ (speak) English? 2. What language _ (speak) in that country? 3. The film _ (show) many times since last