《大学英语IV》期末预测试卷No.2(附答案.doc

重庆交通学院大学英语IV期末预测试卷No.2Part I Listening Comprehension ( 20%) (略)Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are three reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to each question. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:By far the most common snake in Britain is the adder（蝰蛇）. In Scotland, in fact, there are no other kinds of poisonous snakes. It can be found almost anywhere, but it prefers sunny hillsides and rough open country, including high ground. In Ireland there are no snakes at all. Most people regard snake bites as deadly, but not all bites are serious, and very few are deadly. Sometimes attempts at emergency treatment turn out to be more dangerous than the bite itself, with someone heroically, but mistakenly, trying do-it-yourself surgery and other unnecessary measures. All snakes have small teeth, so it follows that all snakes can bite, but only the bite of the adder presents any danger. British snakes are shy animals and are far more frightened of you than you could possibly be of them. The adder will attack only if it feels threatened, as can happen if you take it by surprise and step on it accidentally, or if you try to catch it or pick it up, which it dislikes intensely. If it hears you coming, it will normally get out of the way as quickly as it can, but adders cannot move very rapidly and may attack before moving if you are very close. The effect of a bite varies considerably. It depends upon several things, one of which is the body-weight of the person bitten. The bigger the person, the less harmful the bite is likely to be, which is why children suffer far more seriously from snake bites than adults. A healthy person will also have better resistance against the poison. Very few people actually die from snake bites in Britain, and though these bites can make some people very ill, there are probably just as many cases of bites having little or no effect, as there are of serious illness.21. Adders are to be found _.A. in many parts of Britain and Ireland.B. everywhere in Britain except Scotland.C. on wild land throughout Britain.D. in shady fields in Scotland.22. If you are with someone who is bitten by an adder, you should _.A. make no attempt to treat the bite by yourself B. try to catch the adderC. not worry about the victimD. operate on him as soon as possible23. We are told that adders are _.A. normally friendly towards peopleB. unlikely to bite except in self-defenseC. fond of attacking anyone in their territoryD. not afraid of human beings24. If an adder hears you approaching, it will usually _.A. take no notice of you at allB. attack you before moving awayC. wait until you are close and then attackD. move out of your path25. In general, British people think snakes are _.A. not very common in BritainB. not all very dangerousC. capable of killing people by their bitesD. no threat to human beingsPassage 2Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: Before the 1870s trained nurses were virtually unknown in the United States. Hospital nursing was an unskilled occupation, taken up by women of the lower classes, some of whom were conscripted（招募） from the penitentiary（感化院） or the alms house. The movement for reform originated not with doctor, but among upper-class women, who had taken on the role of guardians of a new hygienic（卫生的，保健的） order. Though some doctors approved of the womens desire to establish a nurses training school, which would attract the daughters of the middle class, other medical men were opposed. Plainly threatened by the prospect, they objected that educated nurses would not do as they were told a remarkable comment on the status anxiety of nineteenth-century physicians. But the women reformers did not depend on the physicians approval. When resisted, as they were at Bellevue in efforts to install trained nurses in the maternity wards, they went over the heads of the doctors to men of their own class of greater power and authority. (Florence Nightingale, who had friends high in the government, had followed exactly the same course in reforming her countrys military hospitals.) Professional nursing, in short, emerged neither from medical discoveries nor from a program of hospital reform initiated by physicians; outsiders saw the need first.26. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Public Hygiene in the United StatesB. Florence Nightingale: a Nurses StoryC. The Fight for Nursing Education in the United StatesD. The Status Anxieties of Nineteenth-century Physicians27. According to the passage, some doctors objected to the establishment of nursing schools because they believed that _.A. nursing was an art that could not be taughtB. additional medical care from nurses was unnecessaryC. volunteer nurses from the upper class were adequateD. educated nurses would undermine their authority28. When meeting with opposition, the women reformers _.A. turned to sympathetic doctors for helpB. sought support from high-ranking officialsC. went to the heads of the hospitals for supportD. asked their husbands to interfere29. It can be inferred from the passage that Bellevue was a _.A. government agency B. university C. hospital D. womens penitentiary30. Why does the author mention Florence Nightingale?A. To describe the career of a pioneer of nursing education.B. To show that women doctors supported the effort to upgrade nursing.C. To prove that conditions differed in military and civilian hospitals.D. To show the similarity of her tactics to those used by United States reformers.Passage 3Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 years ago. And we can expect the rate of change to accelerate（加速） rather than slow down within our lifetime. The developments in technology are bound to have a dramatic effect on the future of work. By 2010, new technology will have revolutionized communications. People will be transmitting messages down telephone lines that previously would have been sent by post. Not only postmen but also clerks and secretaries will vanish in a paper-free society. All the routine tasks they perform will be carried on a tiny silicon chip so that they will be as obsolete（已废弃的） as the horse and cart after the invention of the motor car. One change will make thousands, if not millions, redundant. Even people in traditional professions, where expert knowledge has been the key, are unlikely to escape the effects of new technology. Instead of going to a solicitor（律师）, you might go to a computer which is programmed with all the most up-to-date legal information. Doctors, too will find that an electronic competitor will be able to carry out a much quicker and more accurate diagnosis（诊断）and recommend more efficient courses of treatment. In education, teachers will be largely replaced by teaching machines far more knowledgeable than any human being. Most learning will take place in the home via video conferencing. Children will still go to school though, until another place is created where they can make friends and develop social skills. What can we do to avoid the thread of unemployment? We shouldnt hide our heads in the sand. Unions will try to stop change but they will be fighting a losing battle. People should get computer literate as this just might save them from professional extinction. After all, there will be a few jobs left in law, education and medicine for those few individuals who are capable of writing and programming the software of the future. Strangely enough, there will still be jobs like rubbish collection and cleaning as it is tough to program tasks which are largely unpredictable.31. According to the writer, the rate of change in technology _. A. will remain the same B. will slow down C. will speed up D. can not be predicted32. The writer expects that by 2010 new technology will have revolutionized communications and _.A. bookshops will not existB. the present postal system will have disappearedC. people will no longer send lettersD. the postmen will have been replaced by the motor car33. From the passage, we can infer that _.A. professionals wont be affected by new technologyB. doctors wont be as efficient as computersC. computers can not replace lawyersD. experts will know less in the future34. The passage tells us that in the future _.A. children will not be taught in schoolsB. no teachers will be neededC. teachers will be less knowledgeableD. children will learn life skills at school35. In the writers view, _.A. people should be prepared for the future.B. There exists no threat of unemploymentC. unions can stop the unfavorable changeD. people had better become cleanersPassage 4Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a persons gaze without being intimate, rude, or aggressive. If you are on an elevator, what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question, consider what you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quick glance to size them up(打量) and to assure them that you mean no threat. Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction. You need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. So you cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erving Goffman (1963) calls “ a dimming of the lights”. You look down at the floor, at the indicator lights, anywhere but into another passengers eyes. Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself. If you hold eye contact for more than 3 seconds, what are you telling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation. For instance, a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner. They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time, then drop their eyes down for 3 seconds, before letting their eyes meet again. But is one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare, he signals, “I know you”, “I am interested in you,” or “You look peculiar and I am curious about you.” This type of stare often produces hostile feelings.36. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.A. every glance has its significanceB. staring at a person is an expression of interestC. a gaze longer than 3 seconds is unacceptableD. a glance conveys more meaning than word37. If you want to be left alone on an elevator, the best thing to do is _.A. to look into another passengers eyesB. to avoid eye contact with other passengersC. to signal you are not a threat to anyoneD. to keep a distance from other passengers38. By “a dimming of the lights”(Para 1, Line 9) Erving Goffman means “_”.A. closing ones eyes B. turning off the lightsC. ceasing to glance at others D. reducing gaze-time to the minimum39. If one is looked at by a stranger for too long, he tends to feel _.A. depressed B. uneasy C. curious D. amused40. The passage mainly discusses _.A. the limitations of eye contactB. the exchange of ideas through eye contactC. proper behavior in situationsD. the role of eye contact in interpersonal communicationPart III Vocabulary and Structure (15%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. If he wants to get to Chicago by tonight he has no _ but to go by plane. A. selection B. alternative C. election D. preference42. The music would stop at intervals, then _ after a while. A. restore B. recover C. resume D. assume43. He _ himself very quickly to the heat of the country. A. adjusted B. refrained C. restricted D. resolved44. He wants to make a quick sale, so hell _ a low price. A. settle in B. settle for C. settle down D. settle up 45They were _ to sell their house in order to pay their debts. A. imposed B. necessary C. indispensable D. obliged46. The word _ from a Greek noun with a quite different meaning. A. obtains B. gains C. receives D. derives47. There were bad days, but it was a pleasant summer, _.A. in particular B. by all means C. by and large D. by and by48. Melted iron is poured into the mixer much _ tea is poured into a cup from a teapot.A. in the same way like B. in the same way which C. in the same way D. in the same way as49. I caught a _ of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.A. vision B. glimpse C. look D. scene50. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time _?A. we are going home B. we go homeC. we went home D. we can go home51. Einstein was one of the greatest scientists _.A. who ever lived B. that ever livedC. whom ever lived D. ever lived52. I know nothing about him _ he is an engineer.A. apart from B. except for C. besides D. except that53. Have a little more of coffee, _?A. will you B. do you C. wont you D. dont you54. _ to the bus stop when the bus suddenly pulled away.A. Hardly did they get B. Hardly had they gotC. No sooner did they get D. No sooner had they got55. John didnt _ and so his boss dismissed him.A. hard work enough B. hard enough work C. work hard enough D. work enough hard56. _ you have learnt the rules, you can correct these grammatical mistakes by yourselves.A. Unless B. Now that C. Until D. Supposing that57. _ the fact that the area had been hit by the severest drought in twenty years, a fairly good harvest was gathered in. A. In spite B. Despite C. In spite that D. Despite of58. The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things _ to teach you the art of learning.A. just as B. nor C. as D. rather59. Our classroom is _ in the school building.A. bigger than any other one B. bigger than all C. the biggest of all the others D. the biggest of any one60. The culture and customs of America are more like _ of England than of any other country.A. these B. those C. that D. any 61. All that _ is not gold.A. glitter B. glitters C. glittering D. glittered62. Neither Bill nor his parents _ at home today.A. are B. were C. was D. had been63. Mary never dared to go near the snake, _ ? A. dare not she B. dare she C. didnt she D. did she64. Peoples complaints _ the bad food were soon taken _ consideration by the government. A. ofinto B. foron C. offor D. withagainst65. The situation today is obviously different from _ it was about 30 years ago. A. what B. when C. which D. such 66. Im sorry, but I have not the least _ if hurting your feelings.A. concept B. intention C. mind D. attention67. Most of us were deeply impressed by his highly _ design for a large modern building.A. plain B. original C .obvious D. firm68. Its true that people from every culture have some _ basic needs but express them in different ways.A. alike B. like C. same D. similar69. Fond of singing as she is, she is _ a good singer by profession.A. anything but B. everything butC. nothing but D. something but70. In order to increase the production we have to invest more in fixed _.A. property B. capital C. assets D. fundsPart IV Short Answer Questions(10%)Directions: In this part, there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.In some countries, students textbooks are in pristine-perfect-condition (原始状态，未受损状态). Students cover them carefully in plastic. They turn the pages carefully. They never fold the corner of a page up or down. And they never write in their textbooks. The situation is quite different in the United States. American students textbooks are a mess. Students absolutely deface (损伤外观，使变丑) them but not because these students are messy people. Most American college students need to be efficient readers. This is necessary because full-time students probably have to read several hundred pages every week. They dont have time to read a chapter three or four times. They need to extract as much as possible from the first or second reading. An extraordinarily important study skill knows how to mark a book. Students mark the main ideas and important details with felt-tip pen-yellow or blue or orange (黄色、蓝色或橙黄色毡制粗笔). Some students mark new vocabulary in a different co