小学英语疑问句.doc

英语疑问句大全疑问句（questions）指提出问题，请对方回答的句子。疑问句句末要用问号。按结构可分为四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。一、一般疑问句(1) 一般疑问句也可称为 “yes no questions”，因这种问句通常用yes no来回答，相当于汉语中的“吗？”其语序是：系动词be 助动词 情态动词主语其他成分？如：Are you from JapanYes I am No Im notIs her sister doing her homework nowYes she is No she isntDoes he work in a bankYes he does No he doesntDo you live near your schoolYes I do No I dontCan you speak FrenchYes I can No I cantMay I go home nowYes you may No you mustnt1将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有be 动词（am is are ）时，可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。如：Im in Class 2 Grade 1 Are you in Class 2 Grade 1?Were watching TV Are you watching TV2陈述句中有情态动词（can may must ）时，也可直接将它们提至主语前，即可成为一般疑问句。如：He can swim now Can he swim nowThe children may come with us May the children come with us3. 陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如：I like these animals Do you like these animalsShe wants to go to the movies Does she want to go to the movies4. 一般疑问句一般读升调()(2) 一般疑问句的答语1. 一般疑问句一般由yes或no来回答，如：Are you tired？你累了吗？Yes，I am.是的,累了。No, Im not.不，不累。Does she do the cleaning？她扫除了吗？Yes ，she does.是的，她打扫了。No，she doesnt.不，她没打扫。2. 回答一般疑问句除了用yes或no外，也可用certainly，probably，perhaps，of course，all right，with pleasure等代替yes，用never，not at all等代替no，如：Can you help me？你能帮个忙吗？Certainly.当然。Could you please make less noise？你可以小声一点吗？All right，sir.好的，先生。Have you been there？你到过那里吗？Never.从来没有。练习题：一改为一般疑问句1. I can skate well. _ _skate well?2. Kate does morning exercises every day._ Kate_ morning exercises every day?3. The exam begins at nine._ the exam_ at nine? 4. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday._ Ann_ the book to the library yesterday?5. Theres something to eat in the cupboard._ there_ to eat in the cupboard?6. Mary likes scuba diving very much._ Mary_ scuba diving very much?二根据答句写出正确的问句。1. _Yes, my Chinese teacher is very short.2. _Yes, she is my music teacher.3. _No, he isnt my principal.4. _No, my English teacher is not quiet.5. _Yes, she is strict, but she is very kind.6. _Yes, I often play ping-pong on the weekends.7. _No, I dont watch TV on Mondays.8. _Yes, Id like some chicken and eggplant for lunch.9. _Yes, I have noodles for lunch today.10. _No, the apples are sour.11. _Yes, the oranges are very sweet.12. _No, the meat is not tasty.13. _Yes, the vegetables are very healthy.14. _No, I dont like apples.15. _Yes, my favourite food is fish.16. _No, I dont have bread for breakfast today.17. _Yes, you can play football on Sundays.18. _Yes, I am very helpful at home.19. _No, Sarah is not helpful at home.20. _Yes, I can cook the meals.21. _No, Tom cant sweep the floor.22. _No, Chen Jie and Sarah dont do housework at home.23. _Yes, I often do housework at home.24. _Yes, they can water the flowers.25. _No, my brother sister cant do the dishes.26. _Yes, the robot can use the computer.27. _Yes, my mother can play chess.28. _Yes, I have my own room now.29. _No, my room isnt big.30. _Yes, there is a big closet in my bedroom.31. _No, there arent blue curtains in my living room.32. _Yes, the trash bin is near the shelf.33. _No, the chair is in front of the desk.34. _Yes, I like my room very much.35. _Yes, there is a river in the nature park.36. _Yes, there are white clouds in the sky.37. _No, there arent any tall buildings in my village.38. _No, the water is not clean.39. _Yes, the air is fresh.40. _Yes, there is a lake in front of my house.41. _Yes, I can run on the grass.42. _Yes, I like the nature park very much.二. 特殊疑问句1、特殊疑问句概述 特殊疑问句（special questions），也可称为“wh”-questions，因为它们多数都以who，where，when，which，whose，why这类词开头，如：Who is it on the phone？谁来的电话？How many oranges can you see in the picture？你能在图画上看到多少个橘子？Where did you last see it？你最后一次看到这东西时是在什么地方呢？What did you eat yesterday？你昨天吃了些什么？How do you usually go to school？你通常是怎么去学校的呢？2、特殊疑问句的构成及用法它的结构一般为：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他)，如：What can be done about it？对此能做些什么呢？Which are yours？哪些是你的？Who would like to come for a game of football？谁愿意来踢场足球呀？What did you say？你说什么？Why didnt you tell me？你为什么没有告诉我？3、特殊疑问词 特殊疑问词可分为两类：疑问代词和疑问副词（1）疑问代词 疑问代词主要有五个，分别为：who，whom，which，what，whose。它们没有性和数的变化，除了who外也没有格的变化。疑问代词、意义、作用、例句who 谁、作主语, 用来指人Who is the girl under the tree？ Who is not here？ Whom 谁 、作宾语，用来指人Whom are you writing to？ Whom do you want to see？ Whose 谁的、用来指所属关系，如果作定语，一般后接名词Whose pen is this？ Whose are those shoes？ Which 哪个，哪些、用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择Which girls will be in the sports meeting？ Which hat is lilys ？ What 通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下What can you see in the picture？ What is in the teachers room？ （2）疑问副词 疑问副词包括when，where，why，how及how与其他副词和形容词组成的疑问词。疑问副词、意义、用法、例句when 何时、询问时间When will she return？Where 何地、询问地点Where do you come from？ Why 为什么、询问原因Why are you late for school？How 如何、询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等How do you usually go to school？ How old 多大、询问年龄How old is Jims little brother？ How much/many 多少、询问数量How many friends do you have? How far 多远、询问距离How far is it from your home to school？How long 多长、多久，询问时间的长度或距离How long will you stay in Beijing？ How often 多长时间一次、询问频率How often do you go to see your grandparents？ How soon 多久、询问时间How soon will you come back？4、特殊疑问句的答语 特殊疑问句的答语的重点是对疑问词的回答非所问，因此，不再需要用yes或no。在回答时，可以用一个词或词组，也可以用一个较为完整的句子。问句、简略答语、整句答语Who has borrowed my bike？谁借了我的自行车？Jack. 杰克。Jack has borrowed your bike.When did he borrow my bike？他什么时候借了我的自行车？This morning. 今天早晨。He borrowed your bike this morning.Where is he？他现在在何处？At the office. 在办公室。He is at the office.What is he doing there？他在那儿干什么呢？Working. 工作He is working.Whose bike is this？这辆自行车是谁的？Mr. Smiths. 史密斯先生的。Its Mr. Smiths bike.练习题：一对画线部分提问1 They bought a new bike yesterday._2 She is a nurse ._3 She is my teacher._4 He bought the red one ._5 It is my coat ._6 I am looking for my sister ._7 I get up at six ._8 I am from Hubei ._9 I went to school late because I got up late._10. It is windy . _11. I am getting on well with it. _12. My bag is red . _13. The book is Li Huas. _14. I like math best. _15. They are five yuan . _16. I wash it twice a week . _17. He will be back in four days . _18. I didnt come to class yesterday because I was ill . _二选择题( ) 19. Excuse me _ is the nearest bookshop?Go down the street and turn left at the second corner? A. how B. what C. where D. who( ) 20. _ is a ticket for the film Hacker He? About forty yuan . A. How old B. How many C. How much D. How often( ) 21. _ are you going? Im going to the library. A. Who B. Which C. What D. Where( ) 22. Its a nice car. _ have you been in it? Just to Shanghai. A. How much B. How soon C. How long D. How far( ) 23. _? Its eight. A. What day is it B. Whats five and three? C. How old are you D. Whats your telephone number?( ) 24. _? Ive got a headache and a cough. A. Whats your trouble B. Whats wrong with it C. Can I help you D. How are you( ) 25. _ cups of tea did you have? Two cups. A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Which ( ) 26. _ shall we meet in the park? What about half past eight?A. What B. When C. Where D., Which( ) 27. _ does your school have sports meetings? Twice a year. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times( )28. _? The one behind the tree. A. Whose girl B. Whos that girl C. Which girl D. Wheres the girl ( ) 29. _ are you going to be in the future? I want to be a person _- Yang Liwei. A. How , like B. How , as C. What , like D. What , as( ) 30._ will your father be back? A How long B how often C How soon D How wide三选择疑问句1、选择疑问句概述 选择疑问句（alternative questions）一般提出两种或两种以上的可能，问对方选择哪一种。其结构可用一般疑问句，也可用特殊疑问句，供选择的两部分由or连接，前者用升调，后者用降调，如：Will you go there by bus or by train？你准备乘汽车，还是乘火车去那儿？What would you like，coffee or tea？你想要什么，咖啡还是茶？How many pens do you have ，one or two？你有几支钢笔，一支还是两支？2、一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句Is it right or wrong？是对还是错？Were you or he there？是你还是他在那儿？Are they reading，chatting or watching television？他们是在看书、聊天，还是在看电视？Do you want to go there by land or by air？你将乘车还是乘飞机去那儿？3、特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句Which do you like better，coffee or milk？你更喜欢喝什么，咖啡还是牛奶？What colour is it，red，blue or yellow？它是什么颜色，红的，蓝的，还是黄的？Where are you going，to the classroom or to the library？你要去哪儿，教室还是图书馆？How shall we go，by sea or by land？我们怎么去，走水路还是陆路？4、or not构成的选择疑问句Do you want to buy it or not？你是想买它还是不想买？Are you ready or not？你准备好了还是没有准备好？5、选择疑问句的答非所问语 选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式，不能用yes或no，如：Do you go to work by bus or by bike？ 你乘公交车还是骑自行车去上班？By bus.乘公交车。Which would you like, tea or coffee? 你要茶还是咖啡?Coffee.咖啡练习题：根据提示完成下列句子： 1. 你是在一班还是在二班？ _you in Class One _ in Class Two? 2. 你借了谁的自行车，李明的还是李华的？ _bike did you borrow, Li Mings _ Li Huas? 3. 你想喝咖啡、酒还是茶？ 我想喝茶。 _ you like to drink coffee, wine _ tea? Id like to drink tea. 4. 是哪个班赢了这场比赛，一班还是二班？ 是二班。 _class win the match, Class One _ Class two? Class Two. 四、反意疑问句 1、反意疑问句的构成 反意疑问句（disjunctive questions）是一种常用于口语的疑问句，这种问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是附加的一简短问句（称为question tag），中间用逗号隔开，因此，反意疑问句又称附加疑问句。如果陈述句是肯定句式，附加问句用否定句式；如果陈述句是否定式，附加问句用肯定句式。附加问句一般为“be动词（助动词、情态动词）+代词”构成，如：They didnt clean the classroom yesterday，did they？他们昨天没有扫扫教室，是吗？Youre coming，arent you？你会来的，不是吗？John doesnt like tea，does he？约翰不喜欢茶，是吗？She cant swim，can she？她不会游泳，对吗？This is your car，isnt it ？这是你的车，对吧？You dont like rock music，do you ？你不喜欢摇滚乐，对吧？2、反意疑问句需注意的问题（1）附加问句中的主语要用代词，如果陈述句的主语是代词，用相应的代词即可，如果陈述句的主语是名词，用相应的代词指代该名词，如：He is your teacher，isnt he？他是你的老师，是吧？Li lei gets up at six in the morning，doesnt he？李雷每天早上6点钟起床，是吗？（2）如果陈述句中有系动词或情态动词或助动词，附加疑问句中用与它相应的肯定或否定形式即可；如果没有，就要根据陈述句的时态选择适当的助动词，如：Tom has finished his homework，hasnt he？汤姆己经完成了他的家庭作业，是吗？She went to Shanghai yesterday，didnt she？她昨天去上海了，是吗？（3）有些句子包含表示否定意义语，也算否定句，如：Theres little water in the bottle，is there？瓶子里没有水了，是吗？（4）在个别情况下，前后两部分可以都是肯定或都是否定。这时有特殊的涵义，如：You sold that lovely bracelet，did you ？（=Im sorry you did.）你把那只漂亮手镯卖了，是吗？（真遗憾。）3、反意疑问句的语调（1）通常陈述句部分用降调，附加问句用升调，如：He cant swim，can he？他不会游泳，是吗？Lily likes sports，doesnt she？丽莉喜欢运动，是吗？（2）对自己的看法比较肯定而又希望听者同意这种看法时，前后都用降调：You dont like rock music，do you？期望回答：No，I dont.You like rock music，dont you？期望回答：Yes，I do.4、反意疑问句的答语（1）反意疑问句的答语一般由yes或no引导的简略答语来回答，但是要注意时态及代词的呼应，如：She is your teacher，isnt she？她是你的老师，是吧？Yes ，she is.是的，她是。No，she isnt.不，她不是。Li lei gets up at six in the morning，doesnt he？李雷每天早上6点钟起床，是吗？Yes，he is.是的，他是。No ，he isnt.不，他不是。（2）在前否定后肯定的句子中，yes含义为“不”，no含义为“是”，如：She cant swim，can she ？她不会游泳，对吗？Yes ，she can.不，她会。No，she cant.是的，她不会。She isnt your teacher，is she？她不是你的老师，对吧？Yes，she is.不，她是。No，she isnt.是的，她不是。5、一些特殊句式的反意疑问句（1）陈述句是I am结构，反意问句用arent I 或am not I，如：Im right，arent I？我是正确的，对吗？Im late，am not I？我迟到了，是吗？（2）陈述句的主语是不定代词时，如果是表示物的everything，anything，something，nothing时，反意问句的主语it，谓语动词用单数，如果是表示人的everybody，everyone，somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，no one时，反意问句的主语可用they，也可用he，谓语动词用相应的单、复数，如：Nothing is serious，is it？没什么严重的，是吗？No one was hurt，were they？没有人受伤，是吗？Everybody knows what I said，dont they？每个人都懂了我所说的，是吗？Everyone knows his job，doesnt he？每个人都了解他的工作，是吗？（3）如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词this，that时，疑问句的主语用it，谓语单数；如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词these，those，则疑问句的主语用they，谓语用复数，如：This is very important，isnt it？这是非常重要的，是吗？Those are cups，arent they？这些是茶杯，是吗？（4）如果陈述部分以不定代词one作主语,附加疑问部分的主语在正式场合用one,在非正式场合用you,如:One cant be too careful, can one(you)?最认真不过如此了,是吗?(5)陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式或动名词时，疑问部分的主语用it，谓语用单数，如：What you said is wrong，isnt it？你说的错了，不是吗？To learn English well isnt easy，is it？学好英语不容易，是吗？Practising speaking English every morning will do you good，wont it？每天早上练习说英语对你有好处，不是吗？（6）陈述句中的谓语动词是there be，后边的疑问部分也用there be形式，如：There is an apple on the table，isnt there？桌子上有只苹果，是吗？Therere some trees on the island，arent there？小岛上有一些树，是吗？（7）陈述句谓语动词是wish，表示征求意见时，反意问句用may，如：I wish to have another piece of cake，may I？我想再要一块蛋糕，可以吗？I wish to go home now ，may I？我想现在就回家，可以吗？（8）陈述句句中有hardly，seldom，rarely，no，nothing，never，little，few，nobody，nowhere，barely，neither，tooto等表示否定意义的词时，反意问句用肯定式，如：You will never forget it ，will you？你永远不会忘记这件事，是吗？There is nothing on the table，is there？桌子上什么也没有，是吗？She has few friends，does she？她几乎没有朋友，是吗？（9）如果陈述句中的否定式仅带有否定词缀（前缀或后缀），则将其看成肯定句，反意问句一般仍用否定式，如：He is unfit for his job，isnt he？他并不适合他的工作，是吗？Thats unfair，isnt it？那是不公平的，对吗？（10）陈述句中的谓语动词为have/has to/had to时，其疑问部分的谓语动词应用dont /doesnt/didnt，如：He has to get up at four tomorrow，doesnt he？他明天不得不4点钟起床，是吗？They had to leave early，didnt they？他们不得不早些离开，是吗？（11）含有情态动词must的句子1）若陈述句中强调对现在的情况的推测，疑问部分用arent/isnt+主语，如：You must be tired，arent you？你一定很累了吧，对吗？2）若陈述部分的must表示“有必要”时，附加疑问句的部分则用neednt，如：You must go home right now，neednt you？你有必要马上回家，是吗？3）当mustnt表示禁止时，附加疑问部分一般用may，如：You mustnt walk on grass，may you？不许在草地上走，知道吗？(12)祈使句的反意疑问句，一般在句尾加will you，如：Give me a hand，will you？帮帮我，好吗？Stop that noise，will you？别吵了，行不行？Dont forget it,will you?别忘了它，好吗？Dont talk any more，will you？别再说话了，好吗？注意：在陈述部分是肯定的句子中，也可用wont you。（13）lets开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用shall we；let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用will you，如：Lets go there, shall we？我们去那里，好吗？Let us go there，will you？（14）主从复合句的附加问句1）复合句的反意疑问句一般是根据主句的主语和谓语形式构成反意疑问部分的，如：He said that we were happy，didnt he？2）复合句的主句是I think（expect，suppose，believe，suspect，imagine）时，附加问句要根据主句而定，主语是第一人称时，要根据从句而定，主语为第二、三人称时，与主句保持一致，并且要注意否定的转移，如：I suppose he is serious，isnt he？我想