写作训练明确句子八大成分 (2).doc

第一步先求稳，但求无过(用时2周)第一周明确句子八大成分五、状语状语是用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一种成分。可以用作状语的有：副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格和从句等。With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruits, sharing our stories.(2013辽宁高考书面表达)美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一起吃着月饼和水果，一块分享我们的故事。(with复合结构和现在分词作状语)即时演练根据括号内的提示完成句子1旅行了一周后，他回到了家，感到很累但很高兴。(形容词作状语)After a weeks trip, he returned home, tired_but_very_happy.2当遇到困难时，他看上去不够坚强，不敢接受挑战。(状语从句的省略句)When_faced_with_difficulties/When_facing_difficulties,_he appears weak and dare not meet the challenges.六、补足语补足语是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。补充说明主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补足语；补充说明宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补足语。可以用作补足语的有：形容词、名词、不定式、分词和介词短语等。It also helps me better understand the proverb “Practice makes perfect.”(2013浙江高考书面表达)它也帮助我更好地理解谚语“熟能生巧”的含义。(不定式作宾语补足语)即时演练根据括号内的提示完成句子1我们将尽全力使我们的国家越来越美丽。(形容词作宾语补足语)Well try our best to make our country more_and_more_beautiful.2因此，不要让你的孩子在温室里成长。(不定式作宾语补足语)Therefore, dont let your children grow_up_in_the_greenhouse.3有人再次发现他流浪在城市街头。(分词作主语补足语)He was once again found wandering_along_the_city_street.七、表语表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语(系表结构)，用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。可以用作表语的有：名词(短语)、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式(短语)、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等。The best way to set up a correct outlook on life is to be aware of ones ability, accept ones reality and adopt a positive attitude to ones dreams.(2013北京高考满分作文)树立正确人生观的最好方式是了解自己的能力、接受现实并采取积极的态度向着梦想前进。(不定式短语作表语)即时演练根据括号内的提示完成句子1我认为好书对学生非常有价值。(介词短语作表语)I think, good books are of_great_value to students.2我们的目的是帮助他们摆脱困境。(不定式短语作表语)Our aim is to_help_them_(to)_get_out_of_the_trouble.八、同位语对句子中的某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面的成分在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。可以用作同位语的有：名词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、动名词和从句等。In the meantime, those volunteers hold the opposite view that they are fed up with the earth life and eager for living on the Mars.(2013上海高考书面表达)同时，那些持相反观点的志愿者认为，他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活，渴望到火星居住。(同位语从句)即时演练根据括号内的提示完成句子1我是李华，一位来自中国的中学生。(名词作同位语)Im Li Hua, a_middle_school_student_from_China.2我认为，我们应该去帮助他们克服目前的困难。(同位语从句)I hold the opinion that_we_should_go_to_help_them_(to)_overcome_the_present_difficulty.综合演练提升.分析下列句子成分1. .答案：主语谓语宾语宾补状语2. .答案：主语定语谓语(系动词表语)3. .答案：谓语宾语状语4. .答案：状语主语谓语主补5. .答案：主语谓语宾语状语6. .答案：主语谓语同位语.按要求完成小作文Dear Mr. Headmaster，Im Li Yue, _ (高二一班的学生，用名词作同位语). I am writing to draw your attention to improper behaviour, _ 其中最常见的是随意乱涂(scribble)和乱丢垃圾(litter)，用定语从句. It makes our school _ (脏乱不堪，用形容词作宾补) and does harm to the image of our school. I always feel ashamed _ (每当我看到这点，用状语从句). It is not appropriate _ (对学生来说随意乱涂和乱丢垃圾，用不定式的复合结构作真正主语). I wonder _ (是否学校能够放置更多的垃圾箱，用宾语从句) and set up special rules against such behaviour. At the same time, students _ (应该鼓励，用被动语态作谓语) to develop good habits and better behave themselves. I believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become _ (一个更令人愉快的地方，用名词短语作表语) in the near future. Thank you for your consideration.Yours faithfully，Li Yue答案：a student from Class 1, Senior 2of which scribbling and littering are the most commondirt