化工热力学整合习题.doc

一选择题1 The following relationships are correct is( B )A tC=T K+273.15 B t(F)=1.8tC+32 C t(F)=T(R)+459.67 D All of the above2 The gauge pressure is 76.77N.cm-2,the barometric pressure is 748(torr),what is the absolute pressure( A ) A 86.74 N.cm-2 B 66.80 N.cm-2 C 9.97 N.cm-2 D 60.29 N.cm-23 Research on chemical thermodynamics，the following statement is not ture CA determine the feasibility of new technology B chemical process energy analysis C the reaction rate forecast D phase equilibria 4 The man weights 730 N and the local acceleration of gravity is g=9.792m/s-2 , The man mass is( D) kg A 60.21 B 61.32 C 65.34 D 74.55 5 1mol under ideal gas at 373.15K, under external compression from 3 m3 to 1 m3, heat absorption. (A)A 3048.3J B -3048.3 C 3408.3J D -3408.36Liquidwaterinequilibriumwithamixtureofwatervaporandnitrogen,howmanydegreesoffreedominthissystem.(C)A0B1C2D37 Inareactionprocessofrecycle，thereactionthroughistep，then（D）A)Qi=0 (B)QiWi=0(C)Wi=0(D)QiWi=08 Energyisstoredinits_,_and_formsinabodyorsystem.(D)A.heat,potentialandinternal B.heat,potentialandinternalC.work,potentialandkinetic Dpotential,kineticandinternal9Puresubstanceatthecriticalpointinthestate,usually(D).(A)agasstate(B)inaliquidstate(C)asolidstate（D)regardlessofthestateofthegas-liquid 10 For a given gas the virialcoefficientsare (A)(A) isonlyafunctionof T(B) isafunctionofTandP(C) isafunctionofTandV(D) isanyfunctionoftwostrengthproperties 11A reversible ideal gas isothermal expansion process, (C) (A) Internal energy increase (B) entropy constant(C) entropy increase (D) Internal energy reduce12 ThefeatureoftheprocessofAdiabaticreversibleexpansionis(B)A. isoenthalpy;B.isentropyC.isothermalityD.isobaric;13Systemfromthesameinitialstatetoafinalstate,throughtwodifferentprocesses,areversibleprocess,anirreversibleprocess,theentropyoftheprocessenvironmentvariable（C）。A. ( S ring) reversible ( S ring) irreversible C( S ring) reversible = ( S ring) irreversible D ( S ring) reversible = 014 The following statement is wrong (A)A Changes in the energy of chemical reactions are manifested as changes in heatB The reaction which needs to be heated is not necessarily endothermic reaction.C The total energy of the reactant and the product determines that the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.D The combustion reaction of H2 is exothermic reaction15 1 mol of methane from 260 to 600 in a steady-flow process at a pressure sufficientiy low that methane may be considered an ideal gas，for methane ，A=1.702，B=9.08110-3，C =2.16410-6.Q=( A ). A.19777J B.-19877J C.-19777J D.19877J16 With the increasing of temperature, ideal-gas heat capacities is （A）.A.increase smoothly B.increase rapidly C.reduce smoothly D.reduce smoothly 17 ISeveryprocessofthetotalentropyincreases（A）A.Yes B.NoC constantD uncertain18 At the same temperature, the single component system T - S map with each isobar entropy is increasing, the pressure will be（ B ).A Enlarge B Reduce C Unchanged D not necessarily19 Which of the following reactions would be expected to involve the largest increase in entropy(A)（A）H2O（l）H2O（g） （B）H2O（s）H2O（l） （C）H2（l）H2（g） （D）He（l）He（g）20 1.2mol Monatomic ideal gas constant pressure by 300K Heat up to600K.The S for ( B )(A)3.47Jk-1 (B)-14.4Jk-1 (C)12.5Jk-1 (D)28.8Jk-1二、判断题1 Gauge pressures can be converted to absolute pressures by addition of the barometric pressure. ( ) T2 Temperatures on the Kelvin scale are 273.15degrees lower than on Celsius scale .（ ）F3 Work is energy in transit and is never regarded as residing in a body.( )T4 When energy in the form of heat is added to a body , it is stored not as heat but as kinetic and potential energy of the atoms and molecules making up the body（ ）T5 In the circulation process, a lot of U, H, Q, W a lot is equal to 0.（ ）F6 Hot is not a state function, it has nothing to do with the way to process changes.（ ）F7 Mechanically reversible,constant-pressure,closed-systemprocess, the heat transferred equals the enthalpy change of the system. （ ）T8 A process is reversible when its direction can be reversed at any point by infinitesimal change in external conditions. ( )T9 In the absence of molecular interactiongs, the internal energy of a gas depends on temperature only. （ ）T10 1mol, 100and 101325Pa water into the same temperature and pressure of water vapor, the process ofU=0.（ )F11 The ideal gas enthalpy and heat capacity is only a function of temperature. ( )T12 The cycle is one which requires work and produces an equal amount of het.（ ）T13 The heat associated with a specifit chemical reaction depends on the temperatures of both the reactants and products.（ ）T14 chemical reactions slso are accompanied either by the transfer of heat or by temperature changes during the course of reaction-in some cases by both （ ）T15 1mol, 100and 101325Pa water into the same temperature and pressure of water vapor, the process ofU=0.( )F16 The standard-state enthalpy of a chemical compound is equal to its heat of formation plus the standard-state enthalpy of its constituent elements.( )T17 When the system heat transfer to the environment (Q 0), the entropy of the system will reduce.( )F18 Closed system after a cycle process, the system of P, T are unchanged. ( )T19 When the low temperature heat source temperature tends to 0K, efficiency of kano engine is 1.( )T20 Heatenginesisadevicesormachinesthatproduceworkfromheatinacyclicprocess.( )T三、填空题第一章1Inthe Englishengineeringsystem, potentialenergyisexpressedas_ m z g / g c _2. Work W is performed whenever a force acts through a distance. By definition，the quantity of work is given by equation： d W =F dl 3. At 27 the reading on a manometer filled with mercury is 60.5 cm . The local acceleration of gravity is 9.784m s. To what pressure does this height of mercury correspond 80.09kpa .（ At 27 the density of mercury is 13.53 g cm）. 4. An astronaut weights 730N in Houston ，Texas, where the local acceleration of gravity is g=9.792m/s2,The astronauts weight is 124.5N on the moon ，Where g=1.67m/s2第二章1.Energy assumes many forms, include 1_ heat 、2_internal、3_work _2.Although energy assumes many forms, the total quantity of energy is constant_。3.How many degrees of freedom has liquid water in equilibrium with a mixture of water vapor and nitrogen 2 .4.A mole gas at 1 bar and 35 is compressed to 7bar and 35 .its final volume is 2 calculate U = 0 第三章1. An equation of state may be solved for any one of the three quantities P.V or T as a function of the other two. be defined as isothermal compressibility2. In an adiabatic process, dQ=_0_,T2/T1=_(P1/P2)R/CP _,P2/P1=_(V1/V2)Cp/Cv _3. For a homogenous material，the H and based on the relationship between U is HU 4.An adiabatic process is one for which there is no heat transfer between the system and its surroundings.第四章1.A standard sate is a particular state of a species at temperature T