高中英语必修Unit

必修5Unit 1 Great scientists,【诵读积累】1. There is no royal road to science. 在科学上没有平坦的大道可走。2. Einstein is considered as/to be one of the greatest scientists in the twentieth century. 爱因斯坦被认为是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。3. Nicolaus Copernicus thought it is mans duty to be courageous enough to seek for truth. 尼古拉哥白尼认为, 人的天职在于有足够的勇气去探索真理。,4. Madame Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. 居里夫人是获得诺贝尔奖的第一位女性, 同时也是两次获此殊荣的第一人。5. Yuan Longping has devoted all his life to Chinas agricultural scientific research, and he has made great contributions to dealing with the world food problem. 袁隆平把毕生精力都献给了中国的农业科学研究, 他为解决全世界的粮食问题作出了杰出的贡献。,【尝试运用】词汇翻译有勇气的 _寻找 _奉献于 _,courageous,seek for,devote ones life to,一词多译认为是_,consider. . . as/to be. . .,regard. . . as. . .,think. . . to be. . .,think of. . . as. . .,treat. . . as. . .,句式演练把左栏句5改写成非谓语动词作状语的句式_,Having devoted all his life to Chinas agricultural scientific,research, Yuan Longping has made great contributions to,dealing with the world food problem.,. 单词盘点核心速记1. _ (vt. ) 打败；战胜；使受挫 (n. ) 失败2. _ (vt. ) 照顾；护理；出席；参加3. _ (vt. ) 暴露；揭露；使曝光4. _ (n. ) 治愈；痊愈 (vt. ) 治愈；治疗,defeat,attend,expose,cure,5. _ (n. ) 挑战 (vt. ) 向挑战6. _(vt. ) 吸收；吸引；使专心7. _(vt. ) 认为; 怀疑 (n. ) 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8. _(vt. ) 责备；谴责 (n. ) 过失；责备,challenge,absorb,suspect,blame,9. _(n. ) 柄；把手 (vt. ) 处理；操纵10. _(vt. & n. ) 连接；联系11. _(vi. &vt. ) (使)旋转；纺(线或纱),handle,link,spin,联想串记12. _(vt. &vi. )结束；推断出_ (n. ) 结论；结束13. _ (vt. )污染；弄脏 _(n. )污染14. _ (vt. )宣布；通告 _(n. )通知；宣告,conclude,conclusion,pollute,pollution,announce,announcement,15. _(vt. )命令；指示；教导 _ (n. )教授；传授 _(n. )用法；说明；操作指南16. _(vt. )建设；修建_(n. ) 建设；建筑物17. _(vt. &vi. )捐献；贡献；捐助_(n. )贡献18. _ (vt. )拒绝；不接受；抛弃 _(n. ) 拒绝；抛弃,instruct,instruction,instructions,construct,construction,contribute,contribution,reject,rejection,. 短语互译1. 提出 _2. 使显露；暴露 _3. 讲得通；有意义 _4. 应受谴责, 应负责任 _5. 通向, 导致 _6. 调查 _,put forward,expose. . . to,make sense,be to blame,lead to,look into,7. 治愈某人的疾病 _8. draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion _9. link. . . to. . . _10. apart from _11. (be) strict with. . . _12. contribute to _,cure sb. of illness,得出结论,将和联系或连接起来,除之外；此外,对严格的,有助于；促成,. 句型透视1. “Neither. . . nor. . . ”既不也不_(既不)its cause _(也不)its cure was understood. 2. “every time”作连词引导时间状语从句So many thousands of terrified people died _(每次暴发霍乱时).,Neither,nor,every time there,was an outbreak,3. 不定式作目的状语/suggest(建议)+宾语从句_(为防止) this from happening again, John Snowsuggested that the source of all the water supplies _(经过检测). 4. only if置于句首的倒装句_ (只有)you put the sun there _ the movements of the other planets in the sky _(讲得通). 5. with复合结构He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system _(行星围绕着它转)and only the moon still going round the earth.,To prevent,be examined,Only if,make sense,with the,planets going round it,did,. 语篇完形 John Snow was a famous doctor in London and he was kind enough to help the ordinary people 1. _ to cholera, which was the 2. _ disease of its day. He wanted to face the 3. _ and solve this problem. He became interested in the theory that people 4. _ this disease into their bodies with their meals, so he carried out a series of researches to 5. _ it. As a result, he found out that the 6. _ water was to 7. _ and immediately told people to take,exposed,deadly,challenge,absorbed,test,polluted,blame,action. The disease soon 8. _ down. John Snow suggested the water companies should be 9. _ not to supply people with polluted water. 10. _ “King Cholera” was defeated.,slowed,instructed,Finally,1. 选用框中词汇的适当形式完成句子absorb, blame, attend, put forward, apart from(1)She keeps two nurses _ on her. (2)They _a plan for reducing the traffic accidents at the meeting. (3)When I entered the room, I found my father sitting in the sofa and _ in a magazine. (4)Your article is well written _a few spelling mistakes. (5)No one knows who is _for the fire.,attending,put forward,absorbed,apart from,to blame,2. 选用句型透视中的句式仿写句子(1)他和我都不打算去参加这次会议。 _(2)我每次去北京都会去参观长城。 _(3)只有你有时间, 我们才能够出去野餐。_(4)有这么多儿孙围着她, 祖母感到非常幸福。_,Neither he nor I am going to attend the meeting.,Every time I went to Beijing, I would visit the Great Wall.,Only if you have time can we go out for a picnic.,With so many children and grandchildren rounding/round/,around her, my grandmother felt very happy.,1. attend vt. 照顾; 护理; 出席; 参加 He is very famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening. 他在这个领域很出名, 今晚会有成千上万的粉丝听他的讲座。He has to attend (on) his sick son. 他不得不照顾生病的儿子。They attended college together at Beijing University. 他们一起就读于北京大学。He has a great deal to attend to today. 他今天有许多事要处理。,【归纳】attend a meeting/wedding/lecture/movie _attend school/class/church _attend (on/upon) sb. _处理 _,参加会议/出席婚礼/听演讲/看电影,上学/上课/去做礼拜,照顾(侍候)某人,attend to,【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空,joined,attended,joined in,take part in,【助记】,【高考链接】(2011湖南高考)It is the most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school. A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended 【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意：这是自我来到这所学校以来所听过的最有教育意义的演讲了。句中that引导定语从句, 其中含有since引导的时间状语从句, 故用现在完成时。,2. expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光expose. . . to 使显露；暴露be exposed to 暴露于, 处于危险中expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物, 使面临, 使遭受,Dont _ your skin _ direct sunlight, or youll get sunburnt. 不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下, 否则你会被晒伤。This liquid is not to _ _ _ air, for it will soon evaporate. 这种液体不能暴露在空气中, 因为它会很快蒸发掉。,expose,to,be,exposed,to,We want to expose the kids to art and culture as much as possible. 我们想让孩子们尽可能多地受到艺术和文化的熏陶。The journalist exposed that officials scandal to the public. 这位记者向公众揭发了那位官员的丑闻。,3. cure n. 治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治疗a cure for. . . 针对的治疗(法)cure sb. /a disease 治疗好某人/治疗(治愈)某种疾病cure sb. of. . . 治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习等,(2012安徽高考)Throughout the rest of her life, the artist had many operations, but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back. 在她的后半生, 这位艺术家进行了许多次手术, 但是没有任何办法能治愈她严重的背痛。(2012北京高考)Empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear. 移情还可以成为治疗孤独、悲伤、焦虑和恐惧的有效方法。,【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空,treated,healed,cured,4. blame vt. 责备；谴责；归咎于 n. 过失；责备(1)blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而责备某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for. . . ) 应承担责任；该受责备(用主 动形式表被动意义)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for. . . 对某事负责；承担责任put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事的责任推到某人身上,I dont _ _ _ doing that. 我不责备你做了那件事。The police _ the traffic accident _ Jacks careless driving. 警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。The driver _ _ _ _ _ the traffic accident. 这位司机不应承担交通事故的责任。You must bear the blame for the accident. 你必须承担这次事故的责任。,blame,you,for,blamed,on,was,not,to,blame,for,5. contribute vt. &vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助(1)contribute. . . to. . . 为捐献；投稿contribute to 有助于；促进；导致； 对作贡献(2)contribution n. 贡献, 捐献make a contribution/contributions to/towards. . . 为作贡献,She contributed an article to our magazine. 她给我们的杂志投了一篇稿子。(2012山东高考)How did Dr. Minor contribute to the dictionary? Minor博士为这本词典作出了怎样的贡献？Everyone is willing to _ food and clothes _ the homeless people. 每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。Everyone should _ _ _ _ _ the environment. 每个人都应当为保护环境作贡献。,contribute,to,make,a,contribution,to,protecting,6. put forward 提出；提前；拨快(时钟); 推荐The plan _ _ by the old professor was well worth considering. 那位老教授提出的计划很值得考虑。May I put you forward as a possible chairman of the committee? 我可否提名你为该委员会主席的人选？They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. 他们将婚礼日期提前了一周。,put,forward,【拓展】写出下列“put + adv. ”短语_ 储蓄；储存_ 放好；积蓄_ 延期；推迟_ 穿上；演出_ 熄灭；生产_ 提升；张贴；提出；建造,put aside,put away,put off,put on,put out,put up,7. make sense 讲得通; 有意义(1) make sense of. . . 理解, 明白make no sense 没道理, 没意义there is no/much sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理(意义)/很有意义(2)common sense 常识have a sense of. . . 有感in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不,This sentence just doesnt _ _, no matter how you read it. 无论你怎样读这个句子, 它还是讲不通。_ _ _ _ getting angry about it. 为此生气是没有意义的。,make,sense,Theres,no,sense,in,(2012北京高考)The lectures offer students the chance to _ _ _ mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. 这些讲座让学生有机会理解似乎让人那么恐惧的数学知识。You are right in a sense, but you dont know all the facts. 在某种意义上你是对的, 但你不了解全部事实。,make,sense,of,【高考链接】(2010安徽高考)Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? _, does it? A. It takes no time B. It counts for nothingC. It doesnt hurt to ask D. It doesnt make sense【解析】选C。考查交际用语。句意：你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个项目吗？问一下也无妨, 不是吗？It doesnt hurt to ask意为“又不是不能问；问一下也无妨”。It takes no time意为“这不花时间”；It counts for nothing意为“这不算什么”； It doesnt make sense意为“没有意义；讲不通”。,8. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次暴发霍乱时, 都有成千上万的惊恐的老百姓病死。(1)此句中的every time为名词短语作连词使用, 引导时间状语从句, 意思是“每当”, 相当于whenever。(2)可充当连词的名词词组: the+瞬间名词(minute, moment, second, instant)the+序数词+timeeach/every+timethe + day(week, month, year),(2012福建高考)Every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it. 每当我们看到别人做某件事情时, 我们的大脑就会模仿。She let out a cry the moment she saw the snake. 她一看到蛇就叫了起来。_ _ _ I climbed onto the wall, I felt very nervous. 我第一次爬到墙上去时, 感到很紧张。,The,first,time,1. conclude vt. &vi. 结束；推断出(1)conclude (sth. ) with sth. /by doing sth.以结束某事conclude sth. from sth. 根据推断出/断定(2)draw/reach/arrive at/come to a conclusion 获得/得出结论make a conclusion 下结论come to the conclusion that. . . 所得结论是in conclusion 最后, 总之bring. . . to a conclusion 使结束,The doctor concluded that the patients disease was cancer. 医生断定病人患的是癌症。We concluded the meeting with an English song. 我们以一首英文歌结束了这次会议。We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion. 我们将作进一步的讨论, 然后再得出最终结论。,Ive _ _ _ _ _ hes not the right person for the job. 我断定他不适合做这项工作。_ _ (总之), more and more people prefer to live in the countryside.,come,to,the,conclusion,that,In,conclusion,2. apart from 除之外；此外 Apart from working and sleeping, the thing Americans do the most is watching TV5 hours a day on average. (=besides)除了工作和睡觉, 美国人做的最多的就是看电视平均每天5个小时。Apart from you, I had no one to talk to. (=but/except)除了你, 我没有可交谈的人了。Apart from a few faults, he is a respectable teacher. (=except for)除几个缺点外, 他是一位值得尊敬的老师。,【归纳】apart from具有下列三层含义(1)相当于 _。指“除外, 另外还有”, 强调“另外还有”(指包括在内的“除了”)。 (2)相当于 _。指“除了之外”, 表示从整体中除去(指不包括在内的“除了”)。(3)相当于 _。 指“只是；除外”, 是在对某人或某物整体上肯定的同时, 特别指出其不足。,besides,except,except for,3. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. 为防止这种情况再度发生, 约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。(1)不定式短语作目的状语。可作目的状语的不定式短语还有in order to do. . . 和so as to do. . . , 但so as to do. . . 一般不置于句首。(2)suggest在此意为“建议”, 后接从句作宾语时, 谓语动词要用should+动词原形, should可以省略。常用句型：Sb. suggest(s) that sb. (should) do sth. It is suggested that sb. (should) do sth. Ones suggestion is that sb. (should) do sth.,(2012辽宁高考)Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy. 有些社会科学家建议西方人利用中国古代的智慧来弥补西方哲学的不足。I suggested that he sit down to work out a practical solution. 我建议他坐下来想一个切实可行的解决方法。,It is suggested that you (should) attend the opening ceremony. 有人建议你出席开幕典礼。His suggestion is that the meeting should be put off till the next week. 他的建议是把会议推迟到下周。【点津】suggest意为“暗示, 表明”时, 后面所跟的从句不用虚拟语气。,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空Beatrice suggested that he _(spend) the summer at that place. Her smile on the face suggests that she _(win) the game already.,(should) spend,has won,. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. Yesterday I missed _(attend) the meeting in Room 101. 2. Scientists found that people _ (expose) to high levels of pollutants (污染物)were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack. 3. I am sure the pure girls wound will _(cure). 4. _(blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.,attending,exposed,be cured,Blamed,5. He has made great _ (contribute) to the world peace. 6. What _(conclude) can you draw from the discussion? 7. _(absorb) in his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar. 8. They have got five victories and two _(defeat). 9. The news was _(announce) to the public on TV. 10. She arrived at 10 oclock as _(instruct).,contributions,conclusion,Absorbed,defeats,announced,instructed,. 完成句子1. If anyone _, its me. 如果有人该承担责任, 那就是我。2. She smiled suddenly, _. 她突然一笑, 露出一口洁白的牙齿。3. _, the farmland is now becoming loose and soft. 吸收了大量的雨水, 农田现在变得松软了。,is to blame,exposing a set of white teeth,Absorbing a great deal of rainwater,4. The Silk Road _in ancie