




免费预览已结束,剩余47页可下载查看
下载本文档
版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
合同词汇大全 商务合同专业性强,措辞严谨,并且有一套固定的词汇。下面就让我们一起来看一看。a long-term contract 长期合同a short-term contract 短期合同a nice fat contract 一个很有利的合同a written contract 书面合同an executor contract 尚待执行的合同breach of contract 违反合同cancellation of contract 撤消合同completion of contract 完成合同contract for future delivery 期货合同contract for goods 订货合同contract for purchase 采购合同contract for service 劳务合同contract law 合同法contract life 合同有效期contract note 买卖合同(证书)contract of arbitration 仲裁合同contract of carriage 运输合同contract of employment 雇佣合同contract of engagement 雇佣合同contract of insurance 保险合同contract of sale 销售合同contract parties 合同当事人contract period (or contract term) 合同期限contract price 合约价格contract provisions/stipulations 合同规定contract sales 订约销售contract terms (or contract clause) 合同条款contract wages 合同工资contract 合同,订立合同contractor 订约人,承包人contractual claim 根据合同的债权contractual damage 合同引起的损害contractual dispute 合同上的争议contractual guarantee 合同规定的担保contractual income 合同收入contractual liability/obligation 合同规定的义务contractual practice/usage 合同惯例contractual specifications 合同规定contractual terms & conditions 合同条款和条件contractual 合同的,契约的contractual-joint-venture 合作经营,契约式联合经营copies of the contract 合同副本execution of contract 履行合同expiration of contract 合同期满interpretation of contract 解释合同originals of the contract 合同正本performance of contract 履行合同renewal of contract 合同的续订to abide by the contract 遵守合同to alter the contract 修改合同to approve the contract 审批合同to be laid down in the contract 在合同中列明to be legally binding 受法律约束to be stipulated in the contract 在合同中予以规定to break the contract 毁约to bring a contract into effect 使合同生效to cancel the contract 撤消合同to carry out a contract 执行合同to cease to be in effect/force 失效to come into effect 生效to countersign a contract 会签合同to draft a contract 起草合同to draw up a contract 拟订合同to enter into a contract 订合同to execute/implement/fulfill/perform a contract 执行合同to get a contract 得到合同to go (enter)into force 生效to honor the contract 重合同to land a contract 得到(拥有)合同to make a contract 签订合同to make some concession 做某些让步to place a contract 订合同to repeat a contract 重复合同to secure ones agreement 征得的同意to ship a contract 装运合同的货物to sign a contract 签合同to stand by 遵守to tear up the contract 撕毁合同to terminate the contract 解除合同 大英文合同的词汇特征 摘 要:英文合同的词汇具有准确、严谨、正式、庄重、保守及规范等特点,具体体现在情态动词、古体词、外来词、同义词、成对词、书面语词汇以及具有特定含义的常用词的使用。了解和掌握英文合同的词汇特点是正确理解英文合同、书写英文合同乃至翻译英文合同的前提之一。 关键词:英文合同 词汇 特点 引言 随着世界经济一体化进程的不断推进,中国融入国际社会步伐的加快,对外交往日益密切,与国外经济、技术、文化交流日趋频繁,英语合同的应用越发广泛。人们订立合同的目的是确认合同各方应尽的义务及应享受的权利,合同一经依法订立,就成为一种具有约束力的法律文件,成为预防和解决争议的法律依据。要做到正确地理解和书写英文合同,首先必须了解它的用词特点。合同语言属于法律语言,英文合同在语言上力求用词严谨,表述准确,尽量避免可能出现的对合同内容或条款的误解或曲解,确保合同的严谨性、准确性和权威性。因此,英语合同的用词具有准确、严谨、正式、庄重和保守等特征,具体体现在以下几个方面: 1.使用情态动词 英文合同的用词一般都是正式、规范的语言,情态动词的使用就体现了这一特点。英文合同中常见的情态动词主要有以下两个,即,shall和should。但它们在合同中分别表示不同的含义。shall是英文合同中使用频率最高的一个词,也是语气最重的一个词,常用于第三人称。shall常用来表示法律上必须履行的责任和应尽的义务,如不履行合同条款就会产生违反法律责任和义务的后果,其含义相当于中文的“应当”或“必须”。例如:1.The Seller shall present the following documents required for negotiation to the banks(卖方必须将下列单据提交银行附议).shall 的否定形式shall not在英文合同中常表示不得发生的行为。 例如:2. Party A shall not supply the contracted commodity to other buyers in the above-mentioned territory(甲方不得向上述地区其他买主供应本合同项下商品)。但必须注意的是,在英文合同中,shall在表示“应该”时不可随便用should代替,should虽然也表示“应该”,但它没有shall那样重的含义,因为should并不表示法律义务,只表示一般的义务或道义上的义务,有时甚至表示“原该”或“最好如此”的含义。当should出现在合同中时,它常放在句子的开头,表示一个隐含的条件状语,相当于由if、in case 或in the event that 引导的状语从句,其含义相当于中文的“如果”、“万一”而不是“应该”。例如:3. Should the verification conclusion contradict the conditions of an auction target stated in an auction contract, the auctioneer has the right to demand a change or rescind the contract(如果鉴定结论与委托拍卖合同载明的拍卖标的状况不相符,拍卖人有权要求变更或者解除合同)。此外,英文合同中有时也出现情态动词may和must。may 用于约定当事人的权利(可以做什么),没有任何义务的含义,不带有强制性,有时表示允许或许可,相当于中文的“可以”、“得”等含义。其否定形式may not用于禁止性义务(不得做什么),语气不如shall not强烈。must用于强制性义务(必须做什么),但这一义务不一定具有法律的约束力,其否定形式一般不会出现在英文合同中。了解和掌握情态动词的确切含义有助于正确理解英文合同条款的内容。由于合同中权利和义务的约定构成了合同的主体,情态动词如选用不当,有可能会引起法律纠纷。2.使用古体词和外来词 为体现合同文本行为正式、庄重的文体特征,英文合同常使用一些古体词。这些词主要来源于古英语和中古英语,主要是由here-,there-和where- 与一个或几个介词组成的复合副词,如hereafter(此后,今后), hereby(特此,兹), herein(此中,于此,本合同中),hereinafter(以下,此后,在下文), hereof(于此,在本合同中), hereto (于此),hereunder(在下文,据此,根据本合同),hereunto(于此), herewith(与此一道),thereafter(此后,后来)thereby (因此,由此,在那方面), therefrom(由此、从此),therein(其中,在其中),thereinafter(在下文),thereof(关于、由此,其中),thereto(此外,附随),thereunder(在其下,据此、依据), whereas(鉴于),whereby(因此,由是,据此),wherefore(为此,因此),wherein(在那方面),whereof(关于那事/人)等。在这些复合副词中,here表示this,there表示that,where表示what或which。英文合同中使用这些词能使语言精练、直观,使合同语言显得更为规范、严肃,显示合同语言的权威性和严密性。例如:4.The parties hereto shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in connection with the contract through amicable negotiations(合同双方首先应通过友好协商,解决因合同而发生的或与合同有关的争议)。此句中的hereto表示上文已提及的内容,即,to this contract。这类词的使用使句子简练、严密,构成合同语言的保守性和稳定性,体现合同文本正式、庄重的文体特征。A6zbb5SFq5Zv4q59 此外,合同文本用词正式、保守还体现在外来词的使用上。合同中的外来词大多数来自拉丁语,也有部分来自法语。如addiem(在指定日期),status quo(现状),null and void无效, vice versa反之亦然,adhoc特别,临时,as per(按照)、de facto(事实上的)等来源于拉丁语,force majuere (不可抗力)等来源于法语。A6zbb5SFq5Zv4q59 3.使用近义词和成对词 英语合同的规范性还表现在近义词、成对词的使用。合同语言用词造句必须十分准确、严谨。同时,为了追求语意确切、论证周详,合同中常出现近义词、成对词并列使用的现象,这种表达的目的是使合同条款更加严密,表述更加准确,尽最大可能地避免歧义和疏漏,有的也属于合同用语的固定模式。同义词或近义词的并列结构是由or或and 连接。其作用通常会使包括的内容更全面,也更具弹性。这些词涉及介词、动词、名词和形容词等词类,例如:by and between(由),for and in consideration of(考虑到,鉴于),for and on behalf of(为了,代表),save and except(除了),in full force and effect(生效),furnish and provide(提供),make and enter into (达成),release and discharge(弃权,让渡),fulfill or perform(履行),procure and ensure(保证和确保),force and effect(效力),right and interest(权益),power and authority(权利),covenants and agreements(契约),terms and conditions(条款),goods and chattels(个人动产,有形动产),customs fees and duties(关税),losses and damages(丢失及损毁),complaints and claims(投诉及索赔),null and void(失效,无效),sole and exclusive(唯一且排他的),final and conclusive(最终及具决定性的),transferable or assignable(可转让的)等。这些词表示固定的意义,使用和翻译时不能随意拆开。这种词汇并列使用主要有两个目的:一是通过两个或多个词汇的共同含义来限定其唯一词义,从而排除了由于一次多义可能产生的歧义,体现合同的严谨;二是通过两个或多个词语的并列来体现合同的正式。例如:5. This agreement is made and entered into on April 16, 2007 by and between Party A and Party B. (本合约由甲方和乙方于2007年4月16日达成。)该句中“made and entered into”和“by and between”两组分别属于近义词和相关词并列。 6. On the expiry of the validity term of contract, the contract shall automatically become null and void.(有效期满后,本合同自动失效)该句中两个意思相近的形容词null and void并列。7. This Contract shall be subject to the terms and conditions in the Sales Confirmation signed by both parties hereto.4.使用非常正式的书面语词汇 英文合同属于法律文体,即“庄重文体”(frozen style)或正式文体,是各种英语文体中规范程度最高的一种,其用语通常正式保守。合同用词通常选择意义明确、不含歧义的词语,以免引起不必要的误解或纠纷。合同英语有着严肃的风格,合同用词不以大众是否理解和接受为转移,它是合同语言准确表达的保障。因此英文合同的正式、严谨还体现在合同中使用大量的书面语词汇。例如Submit, confirm, endorse, abide by, maintain, promote等词都是非常正式的书面语词汇。这些词比较正式,庄重,在其它文体中较少使用,没有什么联想意义,词义明确,符合合同这一文体对语言严谨的要求。此外,英文合同中常使用以下词汇(括号中的词是常用词汇,一般不出现在合同中):amend(change, correct)“修改”,assist (help)“帮助”, advise(tell)“通知”, commence (begin或start)“开始”,employ(use)“使用”, cease to do (stop doing) “停止做”, convene (hold, call ) “召开”, construe(explain, interpret)“解释”, deem (think, believe,consider )“认为”, render (give)“给予,提供”,rescind (cancel)“撤消”, terminate(end)“终止”, partake in(join) “参与”, require(ask)“要求”, surrender(give)“递交”, consent (agreement)“同意”, indemnities (compensation )“赔偿”, conveyance (transfer of real estate) “不动产转让”, prior to(before)“在之前”,provided that(but)“但是”, in accordance with(according to)“按照”,by virtue of (due to, because of )“因为”, as regards/ concerning /relating to (about )“关于”, in effect (in fact) “事实上”, miscellaneous (other matters) “其他事项”, pursuant to (according to )“依照/按照”等。这些正式的词语使合同这种法律性文件显得郑重、严肃,表现出法律的威严。例如:8. At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment.(应乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。) 此句中assist 较 help 正式;9. The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel.(雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指导。) 此句中render 较 give 正式;10. This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of China.(本合同受中国法律管辖,并按中国法律解释。)此句子中construe 较 explain, interpret 正式。 5. 使用具有特殊含义的普通词汇 英语里大多数词汇具有多义性,同一个词在不同的语境中,往往有不同的含义。但一些常用词汇在英文合同中具有特殊的含义,不能按照日常用语中的意义去理解。例如:9. Neither party hereto shall assign this contract(合同任何一方当事人不得转让本合同)。此句中的“assign”表示“转让”,而不是日常用语中“分派”的含义。以下常用词汇经常出现在英文合同中,但它们不再是一般意义上的用法,往往具有与合同有关的特定含义:said(上述的,该),avoid(使无效、撤消),consideration(对价、约因),execute(签定),prejudice(损害),save(除了,除外),action (诉讼),alienation (转让),limitation (时效),satisfaction (清偿,补偿),dishonor(拒付),whereas(鉴于)等。这些词在英文合同中词义相对固定,体现了合同用词规范的特点。因此,要准确地理解英文合同,有必要了解这些普通词汇在英文合同中的特殊含义,否则就会造成理解上的错误。 结语 以上五个方面充分体现了英语合同的词汇具有用词严谨、准确、庄严、保守和规范等特点。在书写合同时,应尽量避免使用口语词汇,注意用词的规范性,尽量使用书面语,以传达出原文庄重严谨的语言风格。了解和把握英语合同的用词特点,是准确理解合同、正确书写英文合同乃至恰当翻译英文合同的前提。 商务英文合同-常见商务英语合同词汇ad referendum contract 暂定合同 agency agreement 代理协议 agency contract 代理合同 agreement and contract 协议与合同 agreement fixing price共同定价协议agreement on general terms and conditions on business 一般经营交易条件的协议agreement on import licensing procedure 进口许可证手续协议 agreement on loan facilities up to a given amount商定借款协议 agreement on reinsurance 分保协议 agreement to resell 转售协议 barter contract 易货合同 bilateral agreement 双边协议 bilateral trade agreement 双边贸易协议 binding contract 有约束力合 blank form contact 空白合同 commercial agreement 商业协定 commercial contract 商业合同 compensation trade agreement 补偿贸易协议 compensation trade contact 补偿贸易合同 cross licence contract 互换许可证合同distributorship agreement 销售协议 Ex contract 由于合同 exclusive distributorship agreement 独家销售协议exclusive licence contract 独家许可证合同Export contract 出口合同 Firm sale contact 确定的销售合同 Formal contract 正式合同 Forward contract 期货合同 guarantee agreement 担保协议Illegal contract 非法合同 Import contract 进口合同 Indirect contract 间接合同 Installment contract 分期合同 international trade agreement 国际贸易协议International trade contract 国际贸易合同joint venture agreement 合营协议 licensing agreement 许可证协议 loan agreement 贷款协议 management agreement 经营管理协议 multilateral trade agreement 多边贸易协议 operating agreement 经营协议 partnership agreement 合伙契约 supply agreement 供货合同 trade agreement 贸易协议written contract 书面协议 英语合同中的常见古英语词汇当代英语中常常出现古英语的痕迹.在合同协议等文件中此类古英语词汇仍然屡见不鲜.说实在的,它们颇让人感到枯燥无味,但是,我们既然学习法律英语,就必须对它们有个大致的掌握.大家说呢?herein-in this于此, 在这里e.g 1.except as otherwise herein provided 除另有规定外2. This is to inform you herein below of our terms of shipment in regard to our orders on FOB terms: 兹将我们按FOB价格条件成交的装运条款函告如下:hereinafter-later in the contract以下, 在下文中e.g China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC in brief and hereinafter referred to as the Arbitration Commission, also named as the Court of Arbitration of China Chamber of International Commerce)中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会(英文缩写CIETAC,同时称中国国际商会仲裁院,以下简称贸仲委)herewith-with this同此, 因此e.g I enclose herewith a cheque for20pounds. 随信附上二十镑支票一张hereafter-following this今后, 从此以后 e.g Buyer request special packaging hereafter he agree bearing extra cost involve.买主要求特殊包装,他们同意负担可能出现的额外费用。hereby-by this means or by reason of this因此, 据此e.g We hereby inform you that your last shipment has apparently been lost. 上批货物已明显遗失,特此通知。hereof-of this于此, 关于此点e.g 1. more hereof later .(关于这一点)详见后文.2 .You will find the signature of Mr.Yokota at the foot hereof. 横田先生签名如下。hereinbefore-in a preceding part of the contract以上, 在上文中hereunder-under this在此之下, 在下(文)hereto-to this到此为止, 关于这个e.g According to the schedule of payment attached hereto根据在此附上的付款计划表。therein-in that在那里 e.g Please note that all the prices stated therein are subject to change on account of market fluctuation. 请注意表列价格须随市场变动而修改。thereinafter-in that part of the contract在下文, 以下,在下一部分中thereafter-after that其后, 从那时以后thereto-to that往那里,此外thereby-by that means因此thereof-of that关于e.g 1.In witness whereof;in testimony thereof .以资证明2.Please take note thereof,and honour his draft on presentation. 惠请予以留意,当他向贵行提示汇票时,予以承兑为荷。thereunder-under that part of the contract在其下,依据thereupon-as a result of that 因此whereat-at which point对此,对那个e.g I know the things whereat you are displeased. wherefore-for what reason;why为什么, 因此e.g Every why has a its wherefore.谚凡事均有因;有理由必有原因。whereof-of which关于什么wherein -in which在何处, 在其中whereon-on which于其上whereupon-upon which ;at which于是, 因此 thence-from that place;from that time从此, 从那里起 We can fly to London and thence to Paris.thenceforth-from that time onward;thereafter从那时以后,从那时起e.g Women are given the same rights as men;thenceforth they can vote. 妇女被授予男人同样的权力;从那时起,妇女可以选举了。销售合同英语词汇Source: 2009-01-05 我要投稿 恒星英语学习论坛 Favorite 售货合同SALES CONTRACT 合同编号: Contract NO: 签订地点: Signed at: 签订日期: Date: 买方:The Buyers:卖方:The Sellers: 双方同意按下列条款由买方售出下列商品:The Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the following goods on terms and conditions as set forth below: (1)商品名称、规格及包装(1)Name of Commodity ,Specifications and Packing (2)数量(2)Quantity(3)单价(3)Unit Price (4)总值(4)Total Value (装运数量允许有 %的增减)(Shipment Quantity %more or less allowed) (5)装运期限:(5)Time of Shipment:(6)装运口岸: (6)Port of loading:(7)目的口岸: (7)Port of Destination:(8)保险;由 方负责,按本合同总值110%投保_险。(8)Insurance:To be covered by the_for 110% of the invoice value against_. (9)付款:凭保兑的、不可撤销的、可转让的、可分割的即期有电报套汇条款/见票/出票_天期付款信用证,信用证以_为受益人并允许分批装运和转船。该信用证必须在_前开到卖方,信用证的有效期应为上述装船期后第15天,在中国_到期,否则卖方有权取消本售货合约,不另行通知,并保留因此而发生的一切损失的索赔权。(9)Terms of Payment:By confirmed, irrevocable, transferable and divisible letter of credit in favour of _payable at sight with TT reimbursement clause/_days/sight/date allowing partial shipment and transshipment. The covering Letter of Credit must reach the Sellers before _and is to remain valid in _.China until the 15th day after the aforesaid time of shipment, failing which the Sellers reserve the right to cancel this Sales Contract without further notice and to claim from the Buyers for losses resulting therefrom. (10)商品检验:以中国_所签发的品质/数量/重量/包装/卫生检验合格证书作为卖方的交货依据。(10)Inspection:The Inspection Certificate of Quality / Quantity / Weight / Packing / Sanitation issued by_of China shall be regarded as evidence of the Sellers delivery.(11)装运唛头:(11)Shipping Marks:其他条款:OTHER TERMS:1. 异议:品质异议须于货到目的口岸之日起30天内提出,数量异议须于货到目的口岸之日起15天内提出,但均须提供经卖方同意的公证行的检验证明。如责任属于卖方者,卖方于收到异议20天内答复买方并提出处理意见。1. Discrepancy:In case of quality discrepancy, claim should be lodged by the Buyers within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, while for quantity discrepancy, claim should be lodged by the Buyers within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination. In all cases, claims must be accompanied by Survey Reports of Recognized Public Surveyors agreed to by the Sellers. Should the responsibility of the subject under claim be found to rest on the part of the Sellers, the Sellers shall, within 20 days after receipt of the claim, send their reply to the Buyers together with suggestion for settlement.2. 信用证内应明确规定卖方有权可多装或少装所注明的百分数,并按实际装运数量议付。(信用证之金额按本售货合约金额增加相应的百分数。)2. The covering Letter of Credit shall stipulate the Sellerss option of shipping the indicated percentage more or less than the quantity hereby contracted and be negotiated for the amount covering the value of quantity actually shipped. (The Buyers are requested to establish the L/C in amount with the indicated percentage over the total value of the order as per this Sales Contract.)3. 信用证内容须严格符合本售货合约的规定,否则修改信用证的费用由买方负担,卖方并不负因修改信用证而延误装运的责任,并保留因此而发生的一切损失的索赔权。 3. The contents of the covering Letter of Credit shall be in strict conformity with the stipulations of the Sales Contract. In case of any variation there of necessitating amendment of the L/C, the Buyers shall bear the expenses for effecting the amendment. The Sellers shall not be held responsible for possible delay of shipment resulting from awaiting the amendment of the L/C and reserve the right to claim from the Buyers for the losses resulting therefrom.4. 除经约定保险归买方投保者外,由卖方向中国的保险公司投保。如买方需增加保险额及/或需加保其他险,可于装船前提出,经卖方同意后代为投保,其费用由买方负担。4. Except in cases where the insurance is covered by the Buyers as arranged, insurance is to be covered by the Sellers with a Chinese insurance company. If insurance for additional amount and /or for other insurance terms is required by the Buyers, prior notice to this effect must reach the Sellers before shipment and is subject to the Sellers agreement, and the extra insurance premium shall be for the Buyers account.5. 因人力不可抗拒事故使卖方不能在本售货合约规定期限内交货或不能交货,卖方不负责任,但是卖方必须立即以电报通知买方。如果买方提出要求,卖方应以挂号函向买方提供由中国国际贸易促进委员会或有关机构出具的证明,证明事故的存在。买方不能领到进口许可证,不能被认为系属人力不可抗拒范围。 5. The Sellers shall not be held responsible if they fail, owing to Force Majeure cause or causes, to make delivery within the time stipulated in this Sales Contract or cannot deliver the goods. However, the Sellers shall inform immediately the Buyers by cable. The Sellers shall deliver to the Buyers by registered letter, if it is requested by the Buyers, a certificate issued by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade or by any competent authorities, attesting the existence of the said cause or causes. The Buyers failure to obtain the relative Import Licence is not to be treated as Force Majeure.6. 仲裁:凡因执行本合约或有关本合约所发生的一切争执,双方应以友好方式协商解决;如果协商不能解决,应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会,根据该会的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的,对双方都有约束力。6. Arbitration:All disputes arising in connection with this Sales Contract or the execution thereof shall be settled by way of amicable negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached, the case at issue shall then be submi
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 产褥期产妇护理测试题库及答案
- 整体护理护师考试题库及答案
- 单调分类考试题及答案
- 赏景心情一次户外写生经历9篇
- 业务订单管理自动化系统基础架构模板
- 阅读中的深度思考与推理能力训练:高中阅读课教学教案
- 行政后勤费用合理化建议模板
- 合规数据资源承诺书4篇
- 商业保温材料供货协议
- 企业组织架构及职责权限明晰工具
- DDI:制造业人才发展成功实践手册
- 老年照护芳香疗法应用规范
- 2025年抗菌药物授权培训
- 风力发电征地协调方案(3篇)
- 2025至2030年中国汽车制动器行业市场分析研究及发展战略研判报告
- 2025至2030中国淀粉粘合剂行业现状调查与前景竞争对手分析报告
- 黑龙江:装配式混凝土矩形渠道应用技术规范(DB23-T 2334-2019)
- JG/T 127-2017建筑门窗五金件滑撑
- T/CGCC 7-2017焙烤食品用糖浆
- 江苏省2025年中职职教高考文化统考数学试题答案
- 医院培训课件:《医疗质量管理办法》
评论
0/150
提交评论