Chapter-5-Digestive-System.ppt

Chapter5DigestiveSystem Thegastrointestinaltractstartsatthemouth whichleadstotheesophagus stomach smallintestine largeintestine colon andfinally therectumandanus TheGItractisalong hollow musculartubethroughwhichfoodpassesandnutrientsareabsorbed Digestivesystem Mouthteeth tongue palatePharynxEsophagusStomachcardiapylorusfunduscorpusantrum SmallintestineduodenumjejunumileumLargeintestinececumcolonsigmoidcolonrectumLiverGallbladderPancreas Digestivesystem aliment o food nutrient alimentation processofgivingortakingnourishment 营养 营养吸收alimentary pertainingtofood 营养的 饮食的alimentarytract canalhyperalimentation hyper excessive henceexcessiveamountoffood 营养过度 高营养 appendic o appendix阑尾 appendectomy ectomyexcision henceremovaloftheappendix 阑尾切除术appendicitis inflammationoftheappendix 阑尾appendical pertainingtotheappendix auto self own autodigestion digestionofoneself 自身消化 自溶作用 自身溶解autoinfection infectionfromoneself 自身感染 内源性感染autopsy opsyprocessofviewing hencetheexaminationofadeadbodywithone sowneyes 尸体解剖 尸检 bil i gall bile胆汁 bilirubin bilepigment 胆红素biliary pertainingtobileorbileducts 胆汁的 胆管的bileductcommonbileductbiliation theproductionandexcretionofbile 胆汁分泌hepatobiliarysurgery bucc o cheek颊 buccal pertainingtothecheek 颊的 口的 口腔的buccalcavitybuccalmucosabucca cheek口 颊buccopulpal pertainingtocheekandpulp 颊髓的 颊与牙髓的pulp cec o cecum盲肠 cecorrhaphy rrhaphysuture hencesurgicalrepairofthececum 盲肠缝合术cecopexy pexyfixation hencefixationofthececum 盲肠固定术cecocolic col ocolon hencepertainingtothececumandcolon 盲 肠 结肠的 chol e chol o gall bile cholelithiasis lith ostone iasisdiseasecondition hencetheconditionofhavingstonesinthegallbladder 胆石病cholelithotomy osis opathycholestasis stasisstopping hencestoppageoftheflowofbile 胆汁郁积 胆汁阻塞cholemesis emesisvomiting hencevomitingofbile 呕胆hematemesishyperemesischoledocho thecommonbileductcholedocholithiasischoledochotomy cholecyst o gallbladder胆囊 cholecystectomy excisionofthegallbladder 胆囊切除术cholecystitis inflammationofthegallbladder 胆囊炎cholecystic pertainingtothegallbladder 胆囊的 cis o tocut incision in into ionprocess hencetheprocessofcuttingin 切开 切口 断口incisor oneoffourfrontteethinthedentalarch 切牙excision ex out hencetheprocessofcuttingout 切除 切除 col o colon o colon colonopathy diseasedconditionofthecolon 结肠病colonoscope aviewinginstrumenttoexaminethecolon 结肠镜colostomy stomysurgicalopeningtotheoutsideofthebody hencefromthecolontotheoutsideofthebody 结肠造口术 dent o dent i tooth dentition theteethinthedentalarch 齿系 齿列lobiodental lobi olip hencepertainingtothelipandtheteeth 唇齿的dentifrice fricaretorub hencesubstanceusedtocleantheteeth 洁牙剂dentibuccal牙颊的 diverticul o thingsthatturnaside憩室 diverticulum abnormalside pocketintheintestinewall 复diverticula 憩室diverticulitis inflammationofthediverticula smallpouches intheintestinewall especiallyinthecolon 憩室炎diverticulosis thepresenceofthediverticula憩室病 憩室 在消化道管壁薄弱部分形成的囊或袋 可由于内压增加或外部牵拉而发生 结肠憩室随年龄增长而增多 但常无症状 有时可发炎 causedbylow in fiberdiet duoden o duodenum十二指肠 duodenectomy excisionoftheduodenum 十二指肠切除术gastroduodenal pertainingtostomachandduodenum 胃十二指肠的duodenitis inflammationoftheduodenum 十二指肠炎hepatocholangioduodenostomy肝管十二指肠吻合术 enter o intestine enteropathy diseaseoftheintestine 肠病enterocolitis inflammationofthesmallintestineandcolon 小肠结肠炎gastroenterologist specialistinalimentarytractdisorders 胃肠病学家 gingiv o gums龈 gingivae gums龈chewinggumgingivitis inflammationofthegums 龈炎gingivectomy excisionofthegums 龈切除术 ile o ileum回肠 ileocecal cec ocecum 盲肠 hencepertainingtotheileumandcecum 回盲肠的ileostomy stomysurgicalopeningtotheoutsideofthebody 回肠造口术ileitis inflammationoftheileum 回肠炎ileectomy 回肠造口术 将回肠通过腹壁拉出以塑造一个人工开口的手术 由此口排出肠内容物 因而绕过结肠 各种类型的袋子都可用于收集流出物 这种手术通常与结肠切除术同时进行 jejun o jejunum空肠 gastrojejunostomy surgicalconnectionoropeningbetweenthestomachandjejunum 胃空肠吻合术jejunoileal pertainingtothejejunumandileum 空肠回肠的jejunotomy incisionofthejejunum 空肠切开术cholecystojejunostomy lingu o tongue lingual pertainingtothetongue sublingual sub under hencepertainingtosomethingthatisunderthetongue 舌下的linguodental pertainingtothetongueandtooth 舌牙的 megaly enlargement splenomegaly splen othespleen henceenlargementofthespleen 脾大 脾肿大 巨脾hepatomegaly enlargementoftheliver 肝肿大cardiomegaly enlargementoftheheart 心肥大 micro small microscope anapparatususedtomagnifysmallobjects 显微镜microscopic pertainingtoextremelysmallsize 显微镜 下 的 微观的micronodular pertainingtosmallnodules 小结的 nas o nose nasal pertainingtothenose nasogastic pertainingtothenoseandstomach 鼻胃的nasopalatine pertainingtothenoseandpalate 鼻腭的palatoplastynasalseptum鼻中隔 or o mouth oropharynx theareaofthethroatatthebackofthemouth 口咽的oral pertainingtothemouth oralogy studyofthemouth 口腔学 stomatology口腔医学 牙医学 pancreat o pancreas胰腺 胰脏 pancreatic pertainingtothepancreas pancreatitis inflammationofthepancreas 胰腺炎pancreatin oneofthedigestivefermentsofthepancreaticjuice 胰液素 pharyng o pharynx咽 pharyngitis inflammationofthepharynx pharyngonasal pertainingtothenoseandthepharynx 咽鼻的nasopharyngeal鼻咽的pharyngoxerosis xer odry hencedrynessofthepharynx 咽干燥xerostomia口干燥larynx喉laryngitis proct o rectum直肠 proctology studyofdiseaseoftherectum 直肠病学proctoscope instrumenttovisuallyexaminetherectum 直肠镜proctopexy pexyfix fasten hencefixtherectum 直肠固定术 sial o saliva唾液 涎 sialorrhea rrheaflow discharge henceexcessivesecretionofsaliva 流涎diarrhearhinorrheamenorrheamenopausesialolith lith ostone hencesalivarystone 涎石salivary pertainingtosaliva 唾液的 涎的salivarygland 涎石存在于唾液腺或其导管内的石头 结石 唾液腺的分泌液受阻塞 引起腺体肿胀和剧痛 sigmoid o sigmoidcolon乙状结肠 sigmoidoscopy scopyvisualexamination hencethatofthesigmoidcolon乙状结肠镜检查sigmoiditis inflammationofthesigmoidsigmoidotomy surgicalincisionintothesigmoidcolon 乙状结肠切开术 splen o spleen splenomegaly enlargementofthespleen脾肿大 巨脾splenectomy surgicalremovalofthespleen 脾切除术splenic pertainingtothespleen stomy surgicalopeningtotheoutsideofthebody ileostomy surgicalopeningfromtheileumtotheoutsideofthebody 回肠造口术colostomy surgicalopeningfromthelargeintestinetotheoutsideofthebody 结肠造口术coloproctostomy proc oanusandrectum hencesurgicalconnectionoropeningfrombetweenthecolonandrectum 结肠直肠吻合术 sub below under sublingual underthetongue 舌下的submandibular mandibul olowerjaw henceunderthelowerjaw 下颌骨下的subacid moderatelya