初中英语中考阅读理解ppt课件.ppt

初中英语中考阅读理解 1 客观阅读和主观阅读 阅读理解的考察方式 2 一 中考的阅读会选什么样的文章 体裁 多样 多为记叙文 说明文 应用文 有时也有议论文 题材 丰富 小故事 日常生活 学习小窍门 文化习俗 名人轶事等 3 二 客观阅读题的题目设置 细节理解题整体概括题理解推测题 4 1 什么是细节理解题 考察该文章中有关事件发生的具体细节的题目 如 时间 地点 人物 事件 方式等 WhatWhenWhoWhereWhyHow Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage 5 WilliamShakespearewasawriterofplaysandpoems SomeofhismostfamousplaysareHamlet RomeoandJuliet Macbeth Hewrotethirty sevenplaysinall Theyarestillpopulartoday Shakespearewrotemanyfamousplaysexcept A HamletB MacbethC RomeoandJulietD ManandSuperman What 让我们看几个例子 6 Hewasbornin1564inEngland Atschoolhelikedwatchingplays Hedecidedtobeanactorwhenhefinishedschoolattheageoffourteen In1582 hemarriedafarmer sdaughter Shewaseightyearsolderthanhewas Shakespearedecidedtobeanactorin A 1578B 1582C 1599D 1616 When 7 Theirfirstchildwasadaughter Latertheyhadtwins In1585 Shakespearelefthishometown Stratford upon Avon Hiswifeandchildrenstayedbehind Nooneknowswhyheleftorwhathedidbetween1585and1592 In1585 ShakespearelefthishometownStratford upon Avon A withhiswifeB withhisdaughterC aloneD withhiswifeandchildren Withwhom 8 A anddon tforgetthemilk wehaven tgotanyleft B Soweneedmilk bread chickenandeggs Anythingelse A No Waitaminute We rehavingAnneandTonytodinneronFriday Shedoesn teatmeat You dbettergetsomefish B OK Seeyoulater Whichshoppinglistdoesthespeakertake 9 1largefish bread 4chickenthighs 2kilospork2litresmilk 1kilofreshbeef 8chickenwings 1dozeggs 1freshfish1litremilk somebread 4chickenbreasts 1dozeggs 1kilofreshfish2litresmilk 1dozeggs 2kilosfish 1wholechicken Whichshoppinglistdoesthespeakertake A B C D Which 10 WhattimedidMrsGreencallthepolice 11 WhattimedidMrsGreencallthepolice At9 00a m B At9 30p m C At9 40p m D At9 45p m Whattime 12 WhydoCanadiansandAmericansofteninvitefriendsformealsathome A Becausetheycansavetime B Becausetheycanspendlessmoney C Becausetheyenjoyentertainingathome D Becausetheyhavemodernandbeautifulhouses InCanadaandtheUnitedStates peopleenjoyentertaining 请客 athome Theyofteninvitefriendsoverforameal aparty orjustforcoffeeandconversation Why 13 Herearethekindsofthingspeoplesaywhentheyinvitesomeonetotheirhome WouldyouliketocomeoverfordinnerSaturdaynight Sometimes however peopleuseexpressionsthatsoundlikeinvitationsbutwhicharenotrealinvitations Forexample Pleasecomeoverforadrinksometime Theyarenotrealinvitationsbecausetheydon tmentionaspecifictimeordate Whichofthefollowingisarealinvitation 14 Whichofthefollowingisarealinvitation A Ifyou refree let sgoforadrinksometime B Pleasegotothecinemawithmesomeday C Wouldyouliketohaveacupofteawithussometime D I vetwoticketshere Canyougototheconcertwithme Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage 15 DearSirorMadam LastThursday Itravledonthe8 00trainfromGlasgowtoLondonKing sCrossandIwasquiteangrywiththeserviceofyourcompany Thetraindidn tcomeontime Wehadfurtherdelaysonthewayandhadtowaitanotherthirtyminutes Asaresult ImissedmyplanefromLondontoFrankfurtandhadtowaitforseveralhours YourfaithfullyDavidRobertson HowdidDavidgotoFrankfurtfromLondon How 16 HowdidDavidgotoFrankfurtfromLondon DearSirorMadam LastThursday Itravledonthe8 00trainfromGlasgowtoLondonKing sCrossandIwasquiteangrywiththeserviceofyourcompany Thetraindidn tcomeontime Wehadfurtherdelaysonthewayandhadtowaitanotherthirtyminutes Asaresult ImissedmyplanefromLondontoFrankfurtandhadtowaitforseveralhours YourfaithfullyDavidRobertson Byplane B Bybus C Bycar D Bytrain 17 2 什么是整体概括题 从文章的整体层面上设置的主观概括题 如 为本文选择一个恰当的题目 推测本文作者想要表达的意图等 Whatisthemainideaofthispassage Whatdoesthepassagewanttotellus Whatdoesthewriteractuallywanttosay thewriter sattention Whichisthepropertitleaccordingtothepassage 18 InCanadaandtheUnitedStates peopleenjoyentertainingathome Theyofteninvite Herearethekindsofthingspeoplesaywhentheyinvitesomeonetotheirhome Sonexttimewhenyouhearwhatsoundslikeaninvitation listencarefully Isitarealinvitationoristhepersonjustbeingfriendly Thepassageismainlyabout A entertainmentathomeB realinvitationsornotC expressionsofstartingaconversationD waysofendingaconversation mainidea 19 Eachyearthereisanincreasingnumberofcars MostAmericansfindithardtothinkwhatlifewouldbewithoutacar However somehaverealizedtheseriousproblemofairpollutionbycars Onewaytogetridofthepollutedairisto Anotherwayisto Topreventtheworld cutdownonthenumberoftheircars gotoworkbybike Althoughcarshavebroughtusabetterlife theyhavealsobroughtusnewproblems Thewriterwantstotellusthat 20 Thewriterwantstotellusthat A Ridingabikeistheonlywayout B ThenumberofcarsmustbecutdownC Manwon tlivewithoutcarsD Carsbringusnotonlyabetterlifebutalsoseriousproblems thewriter sattention 21 Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage A ANewWaytoGetRidofPollutedAirB CarsandPollutedAirC ManySeriousProblemsintheUSAD ChangesinCarProduction thebesttitle 22 3 什么是理解推测题 根据文章的上下文 猜测某个词在该情境中的具体含义 根据对文章片断的理解 重新排列成正确的顺序 根据所给的部分文章内容 推测其故事结尾或其他部分 23 Inthepassage theword master means inChinese A 服务员B 邻居C 佣人D 主人 Thewolfsawthatthedogwasfatandcomfortable soheasked Cousindog doyouknowwhereIcanfindsomefood Oh thereisalwaysfoodinmyhouse saidthedog Mymastergivesmeplentyofmeat Master saidthewolf What sthat ThemanIworkfor saidthedog Myjobiseasy I 24 CoffeehousesandtheLondonStockExchangeInthe17thcenturyLondon coffeehouseswerebusyandnoisyplaces Businessmenandbankerswenttocoffeehousestotheirbusiness aswellastodrinkcoffee Infact theLondonStockExchange 股票交易所 isbelievedtohavestartedfromthesecoffeehouses Fromthelastparagraph 段落 wecansee 25 A anewbusinesswasstartedincoffeehousesB coffeehousesarestillusedbybusinessmenandbankersC businessmenandbankerswenttocoffeehousesjustforcoffeeD mostpeoplewouldn tliketogotocoffeehousesbecauseofthenoise CoffeehousesandtheLondonStockExchangeInthe17thcenturyLondon coffeehouseswerebusyandnoisyplaces Businessmenandbankerswenttocoffeehousestotheirbusiness aswellastodrinkcoffee Infact theLondonStockExchange 股票交易所 isbelievedtohavestartedfromthesecoffeehouses Fromthelastparagraph 段落 wecansee 26 ItisabeautifuldayinJune Thesunishot It stimetoharveststrawberries andthestrawberryfieldsarefullofpeople Theyarepickingfruitforfun Theycanbuystrawberriesinasupermarket butitischeapertopicktheirownfruit Strawberriesfromthefarmarealsofresher Thestoryimplies 暗示 thatstrawberriesinthesupermarketare A largerB lessfreshC cheaperD betterforyourhealth 27 三 解题技巧 通常老师出题时会考虑一个段落出一题 因此 同学们做题时可以按照这个思路一段一段地向下找答案 答题前可以先通读全文 同时有意识地把一些关键词句勾画下来 以便答题时能迅速找到相应的答案 如果时间紧张 也可以先读题 再根据每一段开头的主题句 到相应的段落中找答案 28 同学们在练习中要注意 有意识地针对自己的薄弱点做一些练习 如果是细节题经常错 那么每次做类似的题目时都要在原文中把相应的句子勾画出来 如果是整体概括题经常错 就要有意识地锻炼自己找文章的中心句和每一段的主题句 可以参照语文阅读中的相应做题方法 把这些句子结合在一起来概括文章的中心大意 切不可根据刚刚读过的最后一段来做此类题目 29 中考链接 让我们试一试 30 MyfavouritegreatbookisTheAdventureofTomSawyerbyMarkTwain TomliveswithhisauntPollyinaquietstreetofStPetersburg Missouri He salivelyandcleveryoungboy andhefindshimselfinmanyexcitingadventures 冒险 Herunsawaywithhistwofriends HuckFinnandJoe toanislandinthemiddleoftheMississippiRiverforseveraldays WithHuckhegoeslookingfortreasure withBeckyhegetslostinacave andfinally theyfindaboxofgold 31 MyfavouritesceneinthebookiswheneveryonethinksTomisdead Hedecidestogotohisownfuneral Hehidesandwatchesforatime andthensuddenlyheappears Everyoneissurprisedtoseehimbutthey realsopleasedtoseehimalive Tomistheheroofthestory butthereareotherimportantcharacters Huckisanoutsiderandeveryoneisafraidofhim Beckyisprettywithfairhair JoeisTom sbestfriend andInjunJoeisthebadmanofthestory 32 Thethemeofthestoryisaboutchildrengrowingup ItdescribeshowstrangersareseeninsmalltownsofAmerica Finally ittalksaboutfreedom socialrulesandhowpeoplearepunished 惩罚 forbadbehavior WhydoIthinkTheAdventureofTomSawyerisagreatbook MarkTwainwrotethestoryin1876 butit sstillreadandlovedbypeopleallovertheworldtoday Andalthoughit sonlyastory TwainwroteitintheeverydayEnglishofthesouthernstatesofAmericainthe19thcentury soitsoundsveryreal Todayit sthoughttobeoneofthegreatestbooksinAmericanliterature Goon readit Iknowyou llenjoyit too 33 1 WheredoesTomrunawaywithhistwofriends A Toaquietstreet B Toasmalltown C Toanisland D Toaforest He salivelyandcleveryoungboy andhefindshimselfinmanyexcitingadventures 冒险 Herunsawaywithhistwofriends HuckFinnandJoe toanislandinthemiddleoftheMississippiRiverforseveraldays 34 2 Whoisthebadmaninthestory A HuckFinn B InjunJoe C Becky D Polly Huckisanoutsiderandeveryoneisafraidofhim Beckyisprettywithfairhair JoeisTom sbestfriend andInjunJoeisthebadmanofthestory 35 3 HowdidpeoplefeelwhenTomappearedathisownfuneral A Theyweresurprisedandpleased B Theyweresurprisedandsad C Theywereworriedandexcited D Theywerefrightenedandhappy Hedecidestogotohisownfuneral Hehidesandwatchesforatime andthensuddenlyheappears Everyoneissurprisedtoseehimbutthey realsopleasedtoseehimalive 36 4 Thewholebookismainlyabout A freedomandsocialrulesB children sbadbehaviourC thegrowthofyoungchildrenD strangersinAmericansmalltowns Thethemeofthestoryisaboutchildrengrowingup ItdescribeshowstrangersareseeninsmalltownsofAmerica Finally ittakesaboutfreedom socialrulesandhowpeoplearepunished 惩罚 forbadbehaviour 37 5 Thewriterwritesthearticleto A askustoreadthebookB tellushowpopularthebookistodayC telluswhenMarkTwainwrotethestoryD telluswhythestorysoundsveryreal Todayit sthoughttobeoneofthegreatestbooksinAmericanliterature Goon readit Iknowyou llenjoyit too 38 我们怎样做才能提高阅读成绩呢 39 坚持以下原则 定量 坚持定时做一定量的练习 耐心 对于每篇文章都要耐心地看下去 忽略 要学会忽略遇到的生词 不要逐字读文章 遇到不影响理解的生词跳过去 学习方法 在老师讲解的过程中注意老师所讲的解题方法 学会如何有针对性地在文章中找答案 有意识地分析为什么有些题型总是会错 并试着找些类似的题目多加练习 40 主观阅读题考什么 1 理解文章后找出相应答案 并用英语表述出来 2 我们所要完成的任务包括回答问题 填写表格 将一句英文翻译成中文 偶尔会要求把一句英文排列成正确的语序 猜测某个词在句中的意思 41 如何解答这些题目 有的问题的答案可以直接在文章中找到 但是我们需要付出足够的耐心 有的问题的答案需要我们将有关信息重新组合一下 因此我们必须细心思考 有的问题要我们表达自己的观点 需要我们简单明了地表述出来 将英文译成中文时要注意符合中文的语言习惯 不能简单地按照英文的顺序翻译 42 InacountrysuchastheUnitedStates peoplewithdifferenthistory cultureandlanguagejointogetherandtheypaymuchattentiontopersonalideas Teacherstrytomakeeachstudentspecial Studentsdonothavetorememberalotofinformation Instead theyworkandfindanswersbythemselves DostudentsintheUnitedStateshavetorememberalotofinformation No 43 Thereisoftendiscussionintheclassroom Atanearlyagestudentslearntohavetheirownideas Theireducationencouragespersonalthought Theimportanceisplacedonhowtoarriveatananswerandnotonlytogetthecorrectanswer ThereisoftendiscussionintheclassroominAmerica isn tthere WhatdoestheeducationintheUnitedStatesencourage Yes Personalthought 44 InmostAsiancountries peoplehavethesamelanguage historyandculture Perhapsforthisreason theeducationtherepaysmoreattentiontogroupgoalsthanpersonalideas ChildreninChinaandJapanoftenworktogetherandhelpeachotheronhomework WhichdoestheeducationinsomeAsiancountriespaymoreattentionto groupgoalsorpersonalideas Groupgoals 45 Putthesentence InsomeAsiancountries however teachersoftenfeelthattheirjobistopassknowledgetostudents intoChinese 然而 在一些亚洲国家 老师们觉得他们的工作就是把知识传递给学生 46 中考链接 47 Ourlocalcommunity 社区 YouthClubisaverypopularorganizationwithyoungpeopleinmytown IhavebeenamemberforfouryearsnowandI vetakenpartinalotofinterestingprojects Theseincludefunactivitiessuchasholidaycampsanddiscos Wehaveevenmadeavideo Butitisn talljustenjoyment Wehavealsostarteddoingsocialworktohelppeopleinourneighborhood Wehaveorganizedactivitiesorsmallchildrenduringtheholidays Wehavealsoformedaspecialsupportgrouptohelpyoungpeoplestopsmoking 48 Weareparticularlyproudofthemostrecentgroupwehavecreated Itorganizesregularvisitstothelocalhomefortheelderly Thisideacamefromaschoolvisittoahomefortheelderly Myclassspentanafternoonatthehomeandeveryonefoundthevisitveryrewarding 有意义的 Theoldpeopleatthehomewereexcitedbyourvisits Theywereverytalkative 健谈的 andtheytoldustheirpersonalstories Duringourvisit thehomewasfullofthesoundoflaughter Wesangsongsandplayedgameswiththeoldpeopleandhadteatogether Butwerealizedthatlifewasn talwayseasy 49 Someofthemwereinpoorhealthandwereveryunhappy Theycouldn tgooutsideandthevisitsbychildrenbroughtsomesunshineintotheirlives Manyyoungpeoplelikemehaveverylittlecontactwithelderlypeople Asaresult wehavealotofwrongideasaboutthem Wehavelittleornoideaofthekindoflivestheyleadinthehomes Afterthisvisit myfriendsandIdecidedweshoulddosomethingtohelpimprovethequalityoftheirlives 50 Sincethecreationofourvisitinggroup overtwentyvolunteershavejoinedus Uptonow wehaveorganizedthreegroupeveningpartiesandaconcert ButIthinktheindividual 单独的 visitsarethemostimportant Clubmembersregularlyvisitoldpeopleandeveryonefindstheexperiencerichandrewarding 51 Ourlocalcommunity 社区 YouthClubisaverypopularorganizationwithyoungpeopleinmytown Ihavebeenamem