Disaster-自然灾害英文介绍原创.ppt

NaturalDisaster EarthquakeVolcanoeruptionTyphoonForestfireTsunamiPlague Earthquake HowHarmfulEarthquakeis 20085 12WenchuanEarthquake magnitude8 0Morethan69000died18000disappearedDirecteconomylost 845billion 20113 14JapanEarthquake magnitude9 0Morethan14 000died10 000disappearedMorethan11 000becomehomelessNuclearleak 核泄漏 BasicKnowledgeaboutEarthquake Earthquake resultofasuddenreleaseofenergyintheEarthCrust 地壳 thatcreatesseismicwaves 地震波 Measuredbyenergyitreleased Richtermagnitudescale 里氏地震级 TypesofEarthquake Fault 断层 types normal reverse thrust andstrike slip Depthofearthquakeoccurring Shallow focus lessthan70km mid focus 70 300km deep focus 300to700km ShakingandgroundruptureLandslidesandavalanches 山体滑坡 雪崩 FiresSoilliquefaction 地陷 Tsunami 海啸 Floods EffectsofEarthquake Earthquakesafetytips Ifyouareindoors staythere Quicklymovetoasafelocationintheroomsuchasunderastrongdesk astrongtable oralonganinteriorwall Ifyouarecooking turnoffthestoveandtakecover Ifyouareoutdoors movetoanopenareaIfyouaredriving slowdownsmoothlyandstoponthesideoftheroad Thanks Volcanoeruption TheWordVolcano ThewordvolcanocomesfromtheRomangodoffire Vulcan Structureofvolcano 单击此处添加内容 TypesofVolcanoes 单击此处添加内容 单击此处添加标题 单击此处添加内容 单击此处添加标题 单击此处添加内容 Below MountKilauea Hawaii CinderVolcanoes 单击此处添加内容 CompositeVolcanoes 单击此处添加内容 VolcanoHazards 单击此处添加内容 Volcanobenefits 黑曜石 浮石 熔岩中的气体嗝 火山温泉 羊八井地热站 VolcanoinChina 单击此处添加内容 云南腾冲火山国家地质公园 长白山天池火山 台湾龟山岛火山 海南琼北火山 Volcanoinuniverse Question Whatisthebiggest shield volcanoinourSolarSystem Answer OlympusMons onplanetMars 珠穆朗玛峰和OlympusMons规模比较 Volcanoinuniverse 珠穆朗玛峰和OlympusMons规模比较 THANKYOU Typhone Typhoon TheNameof Typhoon TyphoonisfromGreekword typhein meaning tosmoke InGreekmythology typheinisGaia sson whichisaMonsterwithonehundredheads Differentcalls Therearemanycallsof Typhoon indifferentplaces WesternNorthPacificandSouthChinaSeacalled Typhoon WesternAtlantic Caribbean GulfofMexicoandtheeasternNorthPacificcalled Hurricanes IndianOcean Cyclone Philippinescalled Baguio Australianaboriginescalledthetyphoon Willy Willy TheFormofTyphoon Sixmainrequirementsfortyphoonformationanddevelopment sufficientlywarmseasurfacetemperaturesatmosphericinstabilityhighhumidityinthelowertomiddlelevelsofthetroposphereenoughCoriolisforcetodevelopalowpressurecenterapre existinglowlevelfocusordisturbancelowverticalwindshear PeakMonthesandtheLandingArea ThetyphoonsofChinamostlycomefromthenorthwesternPacificocean ThelandingtimemostlyfromJulytoNovember TheearlistonewouldlandinMay whilethelastoneofenoccursinDecember ThelandingareaisalmostthroughouttheentirecoastalareaofChina especillyinSoutheastChina Guangdongisacoastalregionwiththehighestnumberoftyphoon followedbyTaiwan Hainan FujianandZhejiang TheDestructionfromTyphoon TheDestructionfromTyphoon CausewaterloggingandfloodingTrafficgridlockInundatedfarmland grainreductioninproductionorcropsDestructionofthepowersupplysystem resultinginpoweroutagesDestructionofurbangreensystem Name 10typhoonnamespresentedbytheChinese DragonKing Sun monkey rabbit petrels Aeolus Poseidon Rhododendron electricmother hippocampus begonia 龙王 孙 悟空 玉兔 海燕 风神 海神 杜鹃 电母 海马 海棠Thesenamesshowfewdisastermeanings Onthecontrast mostofthenarewithmeaningofcivilizationandpeace suchasjasmine rose pearls lotus cloudsandsoon Whenthetyphoonmakesseriousdamageinsomeareas thecountryorregioncanpresentanewnameinstead ForestFire ForestFire Typesofforestfire surfacefire 地表火 canopyfire 林冠火 subsurfacefire 地下火 Factorscoexistinforestfire combustibles 可燃物 ignitionsources 火源 oxygen naturalman made organicmaterial notlessthan18 volcaniceruption lightningfire Relatedfactors weatherterrains 地形 sunnyslope 阳坡 steephill 陡坡 forestland 林地 hightemperaturecontinuousdroughtstrongwinds Regularityofoutbreak periodical 周期性 annual dryyears seasonal winter daily midday Influenceandprevention airenvironmentecologicalsystemsocialstability monitoringtechnologysatelliteremotesensingman sconsciousness Tsunami Tsunami Whatis tsunami Thegreatwaves tsunami isaseriesoftravelingoceanwavesofextremelylonglengthgeneratedbyearthquakesoccurringbloworneartheocean submarinelandslidesanderuptions Damage APacific widetsunamigeneratedbythe1960ChileEarthquake TheGreatAlaskanEarthquakeof1964produceddeadlytsunamiwavesinAlaska OregonandCalifornia in1992and1993over2 000peoplewerekilledbytsunamisoccurringinNicaragua IndonesiaandJapan 2004IndianOceantsunamithe killingaround230 000people WhatCauseTsunamis earthquakessubmarinelandslidessubmarinevolcaniceruptionsalargemeteorite 陨石 impactintheoceanunderwatervolcaniceruptionandlandslides TsunamiWarningCenters TheAlaskaTsunamiWarningCenter ATWC inPalmer Alaska ThePacificTsunamiWarningCenter PTWC inEwaBeach Hawaii ThePacificTsunamiWarningSystem PTWS OtherNationaltsunamiwarningcenters WhatYouShouldDo Followtheadviceofteachersandotherschoolpersonnel inschool Moveintheevacuationsiteortoanysafeplace Followtheadviceoflocalemergencyandlawenforcementauthorities athome Moveimmediatelytohigherground DONOTwaitforatsunamiwarningtobeannounced atthebeachorneartheocean Tips Shouldnotletthisnaturalhazarddiminishyourenjoymentofthebeachandocean Theend Thankyou Plague Plague 瘟疫 isanepidemic 传染病 ofinfectiousdiseasethatisspreadingthroughhumanpopula tionsacrossalargeregion forinstancemultiplecontinents orevenworldwide Awidespreadendemicdiseasethatisstableintermsofhowmanypeoplearegettingsickfromitisnotapandemic Theemergenceoftheepidemicshallmeetthefollowingconditions 1 Anewpathogenappearsinthecrowd 2 Thepathogencauseinfectionandseriousmedicalproblems 3 ThepathogensisInfectious particularlyamonghumans Pandemicsandnotableepidemicsthroughhistory 1 PlagueofAthens430BC TyphoidfeverkilledaquarteroftheAtheniantroops andaquarterofthepopulationoverfouryears 2 PlagueofJustinianfrom541to750 wasthefirstrecordedoutbreakofthebubonicplague ItcausedEurope spopulationtodropbyaround50 between550and700million 3 BlackDeathstarted14thcentury Thetotalnumberofdeathsworldwideisestimatedat75millionpeople ItwasthefirstofacycleofEuropeanplagueepidemicsthatcontinueduntilthe18thcentury 4 Smallpox Thediseasekilledanestimated40millionEuro peansperyearduringtheclosingyearsofthe18thcentury Duringthe20thcentury itisestimatedthatsmallpoxwasresponsiblefor300 500milliondeaths 4 Smallpox Thediseasekilledanestimated40millionEuro peansperyearduringtheclosingyearsofthe18thcentury Duringthe20thcentury itisestimatedthatsmallpoxwasresponsiblefor300 500milliondeaths Currentpandemics HIVandAIDS HIV thevirusthatcausesAIDS iscurrentlyapandemic ItspreadtotheUnitedStatesandmuchoftherestoftheworldbeginningaround1969 SARS SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome BetweenNovember2002