外研版八年级下册M1重点.doc

2、Look link-v. 看起来 +Adj. V. 看 look at 看. Look at the picture. N. 看 have a look(at.) 看一看.3、 Would you like to try some? Would like “想，想要” = want would like +n I would like some bread.would like+ to do sth. I would like to try.would like sb to do sth. I would like you to help me.疑问形式： Would 提前 Would you like some bread?回答：Yes, I would like/love to No, thank you.4、 it tastes good.Taste link-v. 尝起来， 后跟形容词或者介词短语作表语。 It tastes like chicken. N. 味道 Sugar has a sweet taste. V. 品尝 May I taste it?5、 Do you want to try a piece? want “想，想要” +名词、代词、不定式 =would like want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 He want me to go. 6、I am afraid I do not like cheese.I am afraid. 恐怕.+句子，表示令人不快或难以实现的事。I am afraid that is not a good idea.be afraid of 害怕.+名词，代词，动名词be afraid to do sth不敢去做某事Mr Black was afraid to climb the tree, for he was afraid of falling down from it.7、 It smells too strong and it tastes a bit sour. a bit 稍微，有点儿 用来修饰形容词，副词等， 还可以用来修饰比较级。 He is a bit taller than me. a bit 与 a little A、两者在肯定句中修饰形容词，副词原级及其比较级时，可以互换，意为“一点儿” I feel a bit/a little thirsty. B、a little 后可以直接跟名词，而 a bit则要在后面加of 才能跟名词，二者都只能修饰不可数名词。There is only a little/ a bit of food left for lunch.8、 Well, my chocolate cookies are done now. be done 表示 做完了，完成了。 I am nearly done.9、 They taste really sweet and they feel soft in the middle. feel link-v “摸起来，感觉”+形容词作表语。Ice feels cold.10、 there is some pizza and some cookies.There be 句型，表示“有”，指“某处存在某人或者某物”。be 的单复数取决于后面做主语的名词，如果主语是单数名词或者不可数名词，用“is”或者“was”，如果主语是复数名词，用“are”或者“were”。如果there be 后面跟一系列的名词时，be要和最近的名词，在数上保持一致“就近原则”。There are two pencils and a pen on the desk.There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.11、 Apple pie sounds nice.Sound link-v “听起来”+ 形容词作表语。 V 听，使发声 Please sound it. N “声音”，泛指自然界的一切声音. What sound can you hear? 12、 Shall I get the sugar?Shall I.?句型常用于表示某人主动提出做某事，尤其是主动提出帮助。 Yes, please/No, thanks.Shall we.?意为“我们.好吗？”，表示征求他人意见，请求他人允许或向他人提出建议。Shall we go to the movies?13、 be sure 表示确信，相信+句子 be sure of 对.有把握。I am sure they are in the library.14、 might 表示推测，意为“可能”，语气较弱。 表推测的情态动词常用的有must,can/could, may/might等。他们用在句中表推测时，没有时态的区别，只有语气强弱之别，即could,might 在表示推测时不表示过去时态，其推测的程度不如can,may 强。表示肯定推测时，这几个情态动词 都可以使用，其中must的把握性最大，意为“一定，肯定”,can 表示“很可能”，could 意为“可能”，may表示“也许，可能”， might语气最弱，表示“或许，大概”。 He must be at home.(非常可能）He can be at home.（很可能）He could be at home.（可能）He may be at home.（仅仅可能）He might be at home. （或许）15、 lucky adj 幸运的 表语、定语 I am lucky.Luck n. 运气Good luck.Luckily adv. 幸运地 Luckily, I found my bag.Unit2 I feel nervous when I speak Chinese.1、 thanks for. =thank you for “因.而感谢你”。for prep. + n/doing Thanks for/ Thank you for helping me with my homework.2、 message messages, 电子邮件，口信，信息 Could you give a message to Tom, please? take a message 捎个口信 leave a message 留言 get the message 懂得，明白3、 It was great to hear from you. 本句中“It +be+adj(+for sb)+to do sth”句型，意为“做某事（对于某人来说）是.的。”其中it是形式主语，没有实际意义，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式（短语）。句中的sb 与动词不定式to do 之间存在主谓关系。 It is very important for us to learn English.4、 hear from “收到.的来信“，相当于 get/receive a letter from I heard from my uncle last week.5、 cant wait to do sth. “迫不及待地做某事” Tom couldnt wait to open his bag. wait 短语： cant wait “不能等了”，可以单独使用。 We cant wait another minute. wait for 等候，等待 We are waiting for a bus. wait to do sth 等着做某事 Are you waiting to use the phone?6、 arrive “到达” arrive +at+较小的场所，如车站、家等 arrive +in+较大的场所，如国家、大都市等On 在具体的某一天的上午、下午、晚上 用on7、 quite adv,意为“十分，相当”，可修饰形容词，副词或动词。 It is quite cold outside. very adv,意为“十分，相当”. 区别：quite+a(an)+adj+n quite a nice boy a+very+adj+n a very nice boyquite修饰动词时放在动词之前 He quite likes maths.very与much合在一起修饰动词，且一般位于句末。He likes maths very much.8、 wear v. 穿着，戴着，表示状态，宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物，奖章等 She is wearing a beautiful dress. in+表示衣服或者颜色的词，着重于衣服的款式或者颜色。所构成的短语只能用作表语或定语。 She is in blue. put on 穿上，戴上，强调穿戴的动作，后接衣服，鞋帽等。 Put on your coat. 如果宾语为代词，必须放在put与on 的中间 Put it on. dress的宾语通常是人，意为“给.穿衣服”。 或 表示自己给自己穿衣服。可以+in+衣服颜色。 He is getting dressed. 表动作 He is dressed in black. 表状态9、 glass 不可数名词，玻璃 可数名词， 玻璃杯 glasses two glasses. glasses 眼镜，一副眼镜 a pair of glasses.10、 carry (carried carrying) “搬运，携带”，没有方向性 He is carrying a big box.take “拿去，带去”，指把某物或某人从说话地带到别处。 Please take away the waste.get “取来”，表示到某地去把某物取来 Can you get some water?bring “拿来；带来”指把某物或某人从别处带到说话地。you must bring your book.11、 pretty Adj 漂亮的，标致的，侧重表示女孩的可爱或者某物精致而可爱。 She looks very pretty in that new dress. Adv.相当地，非常 Mr wang was pretty busy.The pretty girl is pretty ill.12、 spend (spent /spent/ spending) 用，花费（时间，金钱）， spend.on sth Spend.(in)doing sth 辨析： spend 主语是人 指花费时间或者金钱 pay 主语是人 指为某物支付金钱 pay for sth pay sb for sth take 主语是it， 指花费时间 It takes sb some time to do sth cost 主语为物，指花费金钱 sth costs (sb) some money13、 a lot of =lots of 许多的，大量的， 用于修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数。14、 Enjoy v. 喜欢，后接名词，代词，动名词做宾语。enjoy doingenjoy oneself=have a good time. 过得愉快。We are enjoying ourselves in Beijing.15、 as well 也 与too用法相似，常用在肯定句末尾，前面不加逗号。 I can swim as well.too 也 常用在肯定句或一般疑问句末尾，前面通常加逗号I can swim,too.also 也 常用在肯定句中，助/情态动词、连系动词be之后，实义动词动词之前He also wants to go.either 也 常用在否定句末尾，前面通常加逗号He doesnt want to go, either.16、 especially adv,意为尤其，修饰形容词，副词，或动词。His elder sister is especially good at English.17、 be good at=do well in 擅长，在.方面做的好 +名词，代词，动名词。do well in 强调一次性做得好。I am good at Chinese.= I do well in Chinese.be good to = be friendly to Our teacher is good to us.be good for 对.有益， be bad for 对.有害。18、 a few, few + 可数名词复数 a little, little + 不可数名词few, little 表示否定，几乎没有，少a few, a little 表示肯定， 有些，有几个19、 in a few days 几天以后in+ 一段时间，常用于一般将来时态的句子中，表示”在.之后”。用 how soon 来提问。They will get here in a week.How soon will they get here?20、 how to do things 是“疑问词+动词不定式（短语）结构”， 意为“如何做事”， 在句中做know的宾语, 疑问代词或者副词what/who/which/when/how等后面可接动词不定式（短语），在句中做动词know, tell, teach的宾语。 I do not know what to do next.21、 be/get excited about. 对.感到兴奋excited 感到兴奋的、激动的 表示人的心里感受， 作表语时，主语是人exciting 令人兴奋的， 表示某物（事）给人的感受，作表语时，主语是物We are excited about the exciting news.22、 ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事tell, want, invite, teach, allow, order 用法相同23、 help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事I often help him with his maths.I often help him learn maths.Unit3 Language in use1、 What does sb/sth look like? 某人/物是什么样子？一般用来询问某人/某物的外貌或外部特征。 What does Mary look like? She is tall and thin. What is sb/sth like? 通常询问某人/某物的性格或特征。 What is Tom like? He is very shy.2、 another adj 另外的，又一 +单数名词 代词， 另