高中英语选修7unit1_Grammar不定式.ppt

动词不定式 结构 todo 否定 nottodo 动词不定式的作用FunctionsofInfinitive 1主语 subject 2表语 predicative 3宾语 object 4宾补 objectcomplement 5定语 attribute 6状语 adverbial 7 独立结构 absoluteconstruction 三 用法 功能 Toseeistobelieve It simportanttolearnEnglishwell 1 主语 句型转换Tolookaftermypetsproperlytakesalotoftime Ittakesalotoftimetolookaftermypetsproperly Myjobtohelpthepatient Yourtasktocleantheclassroom is is 2 表语 Iwanttogohome Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain 3 宾语 think consider findit adj todo 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有 hope refuse learn setoutchoose decide agree manage pretend plan Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp 4 宾补 warn tell allow help ask force等 sb todosth e g Imadehimdohiswork Hewasmadetodohiswork byme 注意 1 help后面的 to 可省去 e g Theyoftenhelpthegrandma to carrywater 2 see hear watch feel notice等感官动词和let make have等使役动词后面 不定式作宾语时要省 to 注 被动语态不省to 1 Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree Exercise 将下列句子改成被动语态 MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek 3 不定式用在介词but except besides后时 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式 do did does 那么介词后的不定式不带to 相反则带to 1 Shecoulddonothingbutcry 2 Ihavenochoicebuttogo 3 Whatdoyouliketodobesidessleep Ihavesomethingtosay Hehasalotofhomeworktodo 注意 如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词 则不定式中要有介词 Heislookingforaroomtolivein Thereisnothingtoworryabout Eg 请给我一支写字的笔 Pleasegivemeapentowritewith 1 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 1 Shewasverybusyandhadnotimetovisitherfriends 2 Ladiesandgentlemen Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou 2 当名词被thefirst thelast theonly等词以及形容词最高级修饰时eg Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave 5 定语 4 如果不定式是不及物动词 则后面需适当的介词Pleasepassmesomepapertowrite Shehasanicepentowrite Heboughtaflatforthefamilytolive on with in 3 也可用在have todo和therebe句型中 Thereisnoonetotakecareofher Ihavenojewelrytowear 3 结果状语 Wehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft onlytodo onlytobedone 表示意外的结果 1 Wehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft 2 Wehurriedtothestationonlytobetoldthetrainhadleft Icameheretoseeyou Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain 6 状语 表示目的或结果 inorderto soasto enoughto too to onlyto 表达意想不到的结果 Eg Wehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft 7 独立结构 tobefrank tobehonest Totellthetruth Idon tagreewithyou 类似的结构 8 不定式与疑问词who which when how what等连用 在句中起名词作用 可充当主语 表语 宾语等 Hedidn tknowwhattosay Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant Myquestioniswhentostart 宾语 主语 表语 Whynotdo 固定词组和句型 1 preferdoingtodoing2 prefertodoratherthando3 wouldratherdo4 advise allow permit forbidsb todo advise allow permit forbiddoing 1 Itisgoodtohelpothers 2 Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings 3 MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup Identifyitsfunction subject subject predicative 4 Idon thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself 5 Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave 6 Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme 7 MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam attribute attribute object object 8 Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife 9 SomedaysIamtootiredtogetoutofbed 10 Wemustcallonlocalgovernmenttogivefinancialassistancetodisabledpeople adverbial adverbial objectcomplement exercise Myteacherwasmade histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth givingupB togiveupC giveupD givenup2 Thesentencewants oncemore explainedB toexplainC beingexplainedD explaining3 TheArcticisconsidered thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic havingbeenB tohavebeenC tobeD being B D C want need require用doing的形式表示被动wantdoing wanttobedone这句句子需要再被翻译一次 4 TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth forhimwithoutdelay tohavewovenB tobewovenC tobeweavingD toweave 5 IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard learnedB learningC tobelearnedD tolearn 6 Thelightintheofficeisstillon Oh Iforgot turningitoffB turnitoffC toturnitoffD havingturneditoff B D C 几对易混淆的词组 stoptodosth 停止去做某事doingsth 停止正在做 forgettodosth 忘记去做 doingsth 忘记已做了 remembertodosth 记得去做 doingsth 记得曾经做 7 Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers Thekey theproblemistomeetthedemand bythecustomers tosolving makingB tosolving madeC tosolve makingD tosolve made8 Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool Itisaverygood schooltostudyinB schoolforchildrentostudyC studyingschoolD schooltostudy B A 9 Didyougetajob No I butit snouse expectedB triedtoC managedtoD planned 10 Wefinditimpossibleforthework aheadoftime tofinishB finishingC beingfinishedD tobefinished 11 IusuallygotoShanghaibytrain Whynot therebyboatforachange totrytogoB trygoingC totrygoingD trytogo B D B 12 aliving shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight TomakeB MadeC MakingD Tohavemade 13 Iwouldratherstarvetodeaththan forfood begB beggingC beggedD tobeg 14 Theboypretended whenhismotherentered readingB toreadC tobereadingD beingread A A C 动词不定式的时态和语态 todo tohavedone tobedoing tobedone tohavebeendone 1 Theypretendednottoseeus 2 Hepretendedtobeworkinghardwhenhisbosspassedhim 3 Heishappytohavepassedthetest 同时或不定式动作后发生 同时发生 且不定式动作正在进行 不定式动作先发生 hoped promised wanted wished expected planned tohavedone表示过去没有实现的期待或者计划Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport buthedidn tgetthereintime Iintendedtohaveresignedfromthecompany Exercise 1 Robertissaid abroad butIdon tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin tohavestudiedB tostudyC tobestudyingD tohavebeenstudying 2 Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult notmakeB nottomakeC notmakingD don tmake3 I veworkedwithchildrenbefore soIknowwhat inmynewjob expectedB toexpectC tobeexpectingD expects 4 Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple butitremains whethertheywillenjoyit toseeB tobeseenC seeingD see5 ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows itwhattodowithB whattodowithitC whattodoitwithD todowhatwithit6 Themotherdidn tknow toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout A whoB whenC howD why 7 Pauldoesn thavetobemade Healwaysworkshard A learnB tolearnC learnedD learning 8 Weagreed herebutsofarshehasn tturnedupyet A havingmetB meetingC tomeetD tohavemet 9 Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim A nottoB nottodoC notdoitD donotto 10 Thepatientwaswarned oilyfoodaftertheoperation A toeatnotB eatingnotC nottoeatD noteating11 Iwouldlove tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport A togoB tohavegoneC goingD havinggone12 CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer A toinventB inventingC tohaveinventedD havinginvented 13 LittleJimshouldlove tothetheatrethisevening A tobetakenB totakeC beingtakenD taking14 lateintheafternoon Bobturnedoffthealarm A TosleepB SleepingC SleepD Havingsleep15 Theteacheraskedus somuchnoise A don tmakeB notmakeC notmakingD nottomake 1爱和被爱都是最大的幸福 arebothgreathappiness 2中国人民决不会征服 TheChinesepeoplerefuse 3据说他已经完成了他的工作 Heissaid 4根据报道他们已安全到达 Theyarereported Toloveandtobeloved togivein beconquered tohavefinished completedhiswork tohavearrivedsafely 5我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车 Iwantthisbike 6玛利仿佛已经告诉这件事了 Maryseemed 7众所周知 奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌 Heisknown agoldmedalattheOlympic toberepairedatonce immediately tohavebeentoldaboutit tohavebeengiven H