PETS三级写作专题.ppt

CreateYourPotentialCapability 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 三峡电厂英语培训PETS3写作专题 小作文 A节 备考点拨与实践大作文 B节 备考点拨与实践模拟 预测题 ByProf Li PartI应用文写作 A节 定义 应用 实用 简易写作考点 基础语言 规范格式 信息点 语言点 方法及应试概要 理论 格式正式文体 非正式文体数据 100 30 字 8句话 3段式 15 20分钟 10分题类型 邀请信 祝贺信 感谢信 推荐信 介绍信 申请信 求职信 询问信 投诉信 私人信函 通知 便签及便条等 方法 悉格式练模版背句式塑亮点 得高分 基本类型与黄金模版 写作流程参考范文常用句型呼语和落款相对固定 邀请信 之黄金模版 向对方发出邀请 阐述邀请原因意义 指出时间地点 表达期盼和谢意 邀请信 常用句型 I mpleasedtoinviteyoutoattend It smypleasure agreathonorto Wearelookingforwardtoseeingyou Wesincerelyhopeyoucouldcome Ihopeyouwon tdeclinemyinvitation 祝贺信 常用句型 I mdelightedtohearthatyou Congratulationsonyour Acceptmyheartiestcongratulationson Bestwishesforcontinuedprogressandsuccess Weareallproudofyou 祝贺信 之黄金模版 简述对方成就 再次表达祝福 表达祝贺 感谢信 常用句型 Iamgratefultoyoufor Icanneverthankyouenough Itwasreallykindandgenerousofyou Manythanksforyourkindnessandhospitality Again Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmthankstoyou Pleaseacceptmysincereappreciationfor 感谢信 之黄金模版 指出致谢缘由 阐述致谢细节 再次表达感激之情 表达谢意 申请信 常用句型 Iwouldliketoapplyforadmissiontoyourcollege Ihopeyouwillkindlysendmeanapplicationform Iwouldgreatlyappreciatereceivingcopiesoftherequiredapplicationformsandinstructions 申请信 之黄金模版 陈述相关信息 对推荐人的评价 表明个人愿望 点明推荐人及推荐理由 求职信 常用句型 Iwishtoapplyforthepositionof whichyouadvertisedin Ihavebeenworkingin sincemygraduation andhavethereforeattainedafairknowledgeandexperienceinthisfield Hopingthatmyqualificationswillmeetyourfavorableconsideration Lookingforwardtoyourreply IwouldbegratefulifIhaveanopportunitytotalkwithyou 求职信 之黄金模版 表明求职愿望 个人简历 介绍消息来源 指出求职优势 提出获职打算 请求回复并致谢 辞职信申请信介绍信询问信投诉信备忘录通知私人信函及便签等 PRACTICE1 Directions 15minutes YouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned askingthemtohelpfindacandidate Youshouldspecifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan Writeyourletterwithabout100words WriteitonANSWERSHEET2 Donotsignyournameattheendoftheletter useLiMinginstead Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress 10points Onepossibleversion Towhomitmayconcern IamwritingtoaskyouwhetheryoucouldhelpmefindachildinaremoteareatowhomIwilloffermyfinancialaid Itwouldbemosthelpfuliftherecipientofmyfinancialassistanceisaprimaryschoolgirllivinginthewesternregionofmycountry Girlsinpoorregionsareoftenforcedtodropschoolbecauseofpoverty andIhopeoneofthemcanhavethechancetofinishschoolingwithmyhelp Thecandidateshouldbeagirlattheageof8 10andherpreviousscorereportsshouldproveherpotentialtobeanoutstandingstudentinthefuture Iwouldliketogivethegirlmyfinancialsupportannuallyuntilshegraduatesfromcollege Themoneywillcoverhertuitionfeeandotherexpensesatschool Besides Iwillcorrespondwithherfrequentlysothatshecanseekadvicewheneversheneeds Ireallyappreciateyourhelpandlookforwardtoyourreply Yourssincerely LiMing PRACTICE2 Directions 15minutes TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesignsuseLiMinginstead Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress 10points Onepossibleversion DearMr Wang IwouldliketoinformyouthatIwillberesigningastheeditorofDesigns Fashions IhavebeenemployedfromNovember 2004 IplantoleaveonJan 31 2005 Thankyouverymuchforhavinggivenmethisopportunitytobeaneditorofsucharespectedmagazine However IfindthattheworkingstyleinthefashioncircleistotallydifferentfromwhatIhaveexperiencedbefore andIfinditverychallengingtocommunicatewiththosefashiondesignersandpeopleinthefashioncircle Besides workingovertimefrequentlymakesitimpossibletokeepmyselfhealthyandenergetic whichIbelieveisnotbeneficialtothemagazine Pleaseacceptmyapologyforanyinconveniencecausedbymyresignation Yoursfaithfully LiMing 真题演练 2006年3月 小作文 新搬来的邻居日日夜夜装修 写一封投诉信 真题演练 2006年9月 小作文 你的朋友获得了博士学位 写信祝贺他 并告诉他你下周要去纽约出差 到时可以去看他 真题演练 2007年9月 小作文 你在旅游途中感冒了 幸亏导游照顾你 你写信给旅行社领导表示感谢 真题演练 2007年3月 小作文 写信给公司各部门 通知下周举行圣诞晚会 请同事准时到场 PartII短文写作 B节 考点 理解力 语言组织力 信息点 语言点 应试方法指南 相关数据 120 40 字 12句话 4段式20 25分钟 20分题三类命题 提纲 图画 提纲 图表 提纲 要求 内容切题表达清晰意义连贯语言规范方法 认真审题列出提纲快速写作增添亮点修改誊正 图画式作文之黄金模版 反映现实 表赞成型 Part1 Asisshowninthepicture Noonecandenythat Totake forexample Part2 Thereareseveralcausesfor First Second Finally 2paragraphs Part3 Thus thesearethereasonswhywemust 图画式作文之黄金模版 揭露现实 表反驳型 Part1 Itcanbeseenfromthecartoon picturethat Nowadaysthereismuchdiscussionastothephenomenonthat Thisisindeedaproblemthatweshouldnotneglectanymore Part2 Therearemanyreasonsfortheproblem Inthefirstplace Secondly Whatismore 2paragraphs Part3 Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove wemayseethatitistimeforustotakemeasuresto Thefirststepis Andthen Finally 或者Tosummarize hasalreadycausedpublicattention Andweshouldtakeeffectivemeasuressuggestedaboveto 3 partWriting OpeningparagraphBodyparagraphsConcludingparagraph OpeningParagraph AnopeningsentenceThesisstatement Bodyparagraphs Par 1A topicsentenceB supportingsentences1 2 3 etc C concludingsentencePar 2A topicsentenceB supportingsentences1 2 3 etc C concludingsentencePar 3 Concludingparagraph RestatementsentencesAppropriatecomments AccordingtoChineseculture themostsuccessfulwritingisjustlike Aphoenix shead Apig sstomach Aleopard stail 图画式作文之黄金模版 对某一现象 自我表态型Part1 Ascanbeseeninthepicture Part2 Differentpeople however havedifferentopinionsonthismatter Somethinkthat Othersarguethat Thereisnodoubtthat Forexample Asaconsequence Part3 AsfarasIamconcerned Isupporttheviewthat because Somyconclusionisthat 图表式作文之黄金模版 Part1 Asisshowninthetable picture droppedfrom in1994to in1996 rise increase reduceAccordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable hasgreatlyincreased decreasedinthepast years decades reaching in1996 Fromthetablewecanalsoseethattherehasbeenasharpdecline risein It sclearthat Part2 Thereareatleasttworeasonsfor Ontheonehand Let shaveanexampletoillustratethegreatincreasein Ontheotherhand isduetothefact Inaddition isresponsiblefor Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow Butitisgenerallybelievedthatthementionedreasonsarecommonlyacceptable Part3 AsfarasIamconcerned Itrustthat Somyconclusionisthat Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell grounded 差作文 的种种 共性 书写差 无美感 看不清 无法读下去 不通顺 三无 无段落 无结构 无明显主题 笑料多 出现很多基本语法错误 拼写错误 不达意 词汇量很小词不达意 缺乏表达能力 乱堆砌 不像一篇文章 仅是把一些不连贯的词语拼凑到一起 Howtowritegoodsentences 一 句子要简洁Aheroisnothingbutaproductofhistime 时势造英雄 写作要求精练 因为 简洁的表达能起到更加强调的作用 我们要写出效果好 影响大的文章 就要想方设法1 避免使用空洞 多余的短语 2 避免过多地使用较长的句子结构 如并列句和从属句等 3 避免不必要的重复 请看下面各例 1 OwingtothefactthatIhadalotofworktodo itwasn tpossibleformetoaccepttheirinvitation 本句要表达的意思很简单 可是一堆空洞的短语使句子显得很累赘 改为下面的句子就简洁明了多了 Iwastoobusytoaccepttheirinvitation 2 Heisamanwhoishonest whoalwayspayshisjustdebts andwhoobservesthegoldenrulesinhisdealingswithothers 英语中比较重要的从属概念可用从句的形式表达 其它次要的概念常用词或短语来表达 因为句子比短语显得更重要 过多地使用从句会把次要的与主要的概念混为一谈 削弱句子的重点 该句可改为 Heisanhonestmanwhoalwayspayshisjustdebts andwhoobservesthegoldenrulesinhisdealingswithothers 3 Myhometownisaquiet peacefulplace Itisquietandpeacefulbecauseofthesmallnumberofpeoplelivingthere 有时为了构成平行的句子结构或达到强调的目的 我们会重复使用某些词语 但是 无目的地重复会导致笨拙 所以本句可改为 Myhometownisaquiet peacefulplacebecauseofthesmallnumberofpeople 二 语言要生动写作时要吸引读者的兴趣 句子就需生动 充满活力 平淡无味的句子会使人生厌 注意力分散 但要写出生动的句子就必须注意做到 1 交错使用长短句长句和短句各有各的特点 各有各的用场 长句结构复杂 容量大 能表达比较复杂的内容 叙事具体 说理严密 短句结构简单 短小精悍 明白易懂 在写作中应当交错使用长句和短句 使句子的长短多样化 增加语言的表现力 请看下面的一段话 Ireturnedtomyroom Therewasanoteundermydoor ItwasfromBob Hesaidhewasinthetownlookingforajob Hehadn tfoundanythingyet Headdedthathewassorrytohavemissedme 这里出现的是一连串的短句 读起来使人感到单调乏味 而且各句之间所固有的逻辑关系没能用句法手段表达出来 为了使文字更为生动 意义更加明确 可做如下改动 WhenIreturnedtomyroom IfoundanotefromBobunderthedoor Hesaidhewasinthetownlookingforajob buthadn tfoundanythingyet Headdedthathewassorrytohavemissedme 2 既可以用肯定式也可以用否定式 例如 例1 Ishallgothereunlessitrains Ishallgothereifitdoesn train 例2 Theirdailylivesdon tprovidethemwiththeexerciseneededtokeepthemhealthy Theirdailylivesfailtoprovidethemwiththeexerciseneededtokeepthemhealthy 2 灵活使用多样句式要达到语言的生动性 写作时就要经常地变换句型和句子结构及表达思想的方式 切忌所有的句子都用相同的句型或句子结构 使文章读起来单调乏味 在考虑英语句式的变化时 我们一般从以下几个方面入手 1 既可以用主动式也可以用被动式 例如 例1 Today weusemachinesnotonlyinindustrybutinothersectorsofnationaleconomyaswell Todaymachinesarewidelyusednotonlyinindustrybutinothersectorsofnationaleconomyaswell 例2 Somepeoplebelievethatitwillbepossibleforautomaticmachinestoreplacecompletelyinthefuture Itisbelievedbysomepeoplethatitwillbepossibleforautomaticmachinestobereplacedcompletelyinthefuture 3 某些修饰成分既可以用在句子前面也可以用在后面 还可以用在中间 例如 例1 Withacar peoplecangetaroundfreely Peoplecangetaroundfreelywithacar 例2 Infact speakingisoneofthemostimportantmeansofcommunication Speakingisinfactoneofthemostimportantmeansofcommunication 4 既可以是正常语序也可以是倒装语序 例如 例1 AnewtypeofTVsetwasamongtheproductsondisplay AmongtheproductsondisplaywasanewtypeofTVset 例2 Wedidnotrealizetheproblemofenergycrisisuntiltheendoflastcentury Notuntiltheendoflastcenturydidwerealizetheproblemofenergycrisis 5 既可以用简单句也可以用并列句或者主从复合句 例如 例1 Nowadaysalotofpeopleworkinoffice spendingmostoftheirtimeindoors Nowadaysalotofpeopleworkinofficeandtheyspendmostoftheirtimeindoors 例2 Therearemanymeansofgettinginformationandtheyenableustokeepupwithwhatisgoingonintheworld Therearemanymeansofgettinginformationwhichenableustokeepupwithwhatisgoingonintheworld 3 善用形象化语言适当地使用一些修辞手法如比喻 夸张 排比 拟人等能更形象 更深刻地说明事理 增加文章的活力 例如 Inthemorningthedusthunglikefog andthesunwasasredasripenewblood 明喻 Hisdaughteristheappleofhiseyes 暗喻 Anideaspokewithinhim racingthroughhismind 拟人 Hisvoicewasloudenoughtowakethedead 夸张 Manyofusallowourchildrentoeatjunk watchjunk listentojunk talkjunk playwithjunk andthenwearesurprisedwhentheyturnouttobesocialjunkies 排比 4 恰当使用英语习语写作时适当地使用习语 成语等也是使语言生动活泼的好办法 如 Onceamanisdead thereisnohelping youcan trekindlethesparkoflifeinhim 本句中的thereisnohelping是汉语式的英语 不符合英语的习惯说法 这里虽然用了比喻 但更改了原来的主语 句子显得罗嗦 笨拙 如果改成下面的习惯表达 句子变得既简洁又生动 Onceamanisdead hecan tbebroughtbacktolife 再如Thecommitteerefusedtolistentoourrequest 如果被改成Thecommitteeturnedadeafeartoourrequest 句子生动 增加了文采 友情提示 句式多样化是英语作文取得高分的灵丹妙药 请你一定要勤学苦练 掌握这一招 另外 在使用一些修辞方法和英语习语的时候 要注意尽量避免老套的比喻或尽人皆知的习语 范文一 创新 Withtheeconomicglobalizationbecomingincreasinglyintensive inventionorinnovationhasbecomeoneofcentraltopicaroundtheworld Manycountriesseeitasthekeytodeveloptheireconomy Ourgovernment withnoexception regarditas thesoulofournation What however canwebenefitfromit Firstofall inventionorinnovationcanenhanceoverallnationaleconomy whichisimportanttoheightenournationstatusintheworld Additionally iffactorieshavetheabilitiesininvention thefactorieswillbebooming Asaresult theycanprovideourpeoplewithmorejobsanditwillmakeournationmorestable Whatismore amajorityofnewproductsmaybeavailablethroughinvention Therefore itisalsosignificantfactorforimprovingourlivingstandards Owingtosuchbenefits nowondermoreandmorecountriesfocusoninventiontoday Recognizingitsimportanceisonlythefiststeptoadvocateinventionorinnovation andsomeeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenforit Foronething ourauthorityshouldcontinuetoenlargetherecruitofgraduate Foranother theconditionsofscientistsandskilledworkersshouldbefurtherimproved Onlyinthisway can thesoulofournation befullyembodiedandournationhaveabrighterfuture 范文二 保护环境 Fromthiscartoon wecanseethatatthetopendoftheriver isachemicalfactoryandapapermakingfactorywhichsendoutandpoisonouswastes Andtheriverhasbeenseriouslypolluted whichcanbeseenfromthecolorofit Alongthis black river thereareafewpeoplesellingfreshwaterwhichmusthavebeentakenfromfarawayplaces Atthefirstglance itisverystrangetoushowcanpeoplesellwateralongtheriver butthisisthecase becausethewaterinthisriverisundrinkable Thispresentsaserioussocialproblem environmentalpollution Withthedevelopmentofeconomy ourlivingstandardshavebeengreatlyimproved Butwecan tignorethefacttheairwetakeinandthewaterwedrinktodayarenotasfreshandcleanastheyusedtobe Somekindsofpollutioncanevenbedeadlytopeople Itishightimethatwetooksomemeasurestosolvetheproblem Ithinkwecanfirstcallpeople sattentiontothisproblemsothattheywillbeawareoftheseriousconsequencesofit Then wecanpasscertainlawstorestrainthefactoriesfromsendingoutwastes Finally wecandomoreresearchworktofindoutwaystodealwiththewastes 真题演练 2006年3月 大作文 妈妈1说 快把梨吃掉 别给奶奶看到 妈妈2说 快挑个大的梨给奶奶送去 请你分析一下这个情况 小作文 新搬来的邻居日日夜夜装修 写一封投诉信 真题演练 2006年9月 大作文 小学生参加军训 谈谈你的观点 真题演练 2007年9月 大作文 国庆假期 很多人去风景点游玩 造成过分拥挤的情况 请你分析并给出解决方案 真题演练 2005年3月 看图作文 第一个图是爷爷送小孩上学 小孩高兴地说 终于可以上学了 第二个图是放学了 爷爷领着小孩出校门 小孩说 原来上学就是做作业 真题演练 2007年3月 大作文 图表 在美国 超重的孩子逐年上升 分析原因和后果 PartIII预测作文题 信不信由你 考不考由他 不打无准备之仗 不参加无预测之考试 PRACTICE Ascanbeseenfromthepictures thekidisreallylivinglikeabirdinacage Hewillevenfeeluneasywhensmellingfragranceofflowersorhearingbirdssingingonceinawhile forfearofhis considerateandcritical parents Thereisnothinginherlifebutpilesofhomeworkarrangedbyherteachersandparentsfromdawnuntildark That strueoftoday sschoolstudents theyareforeverlearningwhatisneverendingbothatschoolandathome There snodoubtthateverybodyknowsandnobodydeniestheseverefactthatitdoesmoreharmthangoodtothechildreneitherphysicallyorpsychologically What sworse thissuperficialprocessdoesn tnecessarilymeanultimatesuccess Franklyspeaking threegroupsofpeoplearetoberesponsibleforit Firstandforemost ourgovernmentmusttakeimmediateeffectivemeasurestoplan regulateandmonitorourbasicandgeneraleducationactivitiestomakesureallthechildrenshouldandcouldonlyparticipateinthecompulsorynormalefficientschooleducation Then ourparentsshouldchangetheirout of dateconceptofeducationinthelightofcontemporaryideas Childrenareguidedtoacquireratherthan