高三虚拟语气经典讲解.ppt

1 英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气 2 定义 用来表示说的话不是事实 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况 而是一种愿望 建议 假设的语气叫虚拟语气 一 虚拟语气定义 二 虚拟语气的考点1 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 2 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 3 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 4 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法 5 虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定 1 一般条件句中的虚拟语气 1 IfIhadHIV IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick 2 IfIwereyou IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug 3 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake 4 Ifhehadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 5 Ifitshouldraintomorrow theywouldn tgoforanouting 6 Ithinkwecoulddoit ifweplanneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools 7 Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife 与未来事实相反 IfIwereyou I buythehouserightnow A won tB don tC wouldn tD can t2 morecareful hisshipwouldnothavesunk A IfthecaptainwereB IfthecaptainhadbeenC ShouldthecaptainbeD Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen3 Ifhe metomorrow IwouldlethimknowA shouldcallB shouldnothavebeenableC werenotableD arenotable B C A 2 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 假设条件虚拟倒装 条件从句中含有should were had三个助动词并且放在句首时 可以把if省略 IfIwereyou Iwouldgiveitup WereIyou Iwouldgiveitup IfIhadhadtime Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain HadIhadtime Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain Ifthereshouldbeaflood whatshouldwedo aflood whatshouldwedo Shoultherebe 3 名词性从句的虚拟语气 主要是表示命令 要求 建议的虚拟语气 宾语从句 常见动词 一个坚持 insist两个命令 order command三个建议 advise suggest propose五个要求 demand require request desireask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 我们建议Tom去休息一下 他坚决要求我到场 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作 WesuggestedthatTom should havearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent Thekingorderedthattheprisoners should bekilledthenextday Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 2 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句 包括主语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 也要使用虚拟语气 从句中的动词形式一样 order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire It ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown 4 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法 1 wish 宾语从句 现在 过去 未来 过去时 did were 过去完成时 haddone would could might V should IwishIwereabird 现在 IwishIhadn tmadesuchamistake 过去 Wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 未来 2 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow 现在 Iwouldratheryouhadgone too 过去 Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 未来 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 3 asif though 从句 现在 过去 过去时 过去完成时 Helooksasifheweredrunk Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson Itseemsasifitwerespring Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 4 It shightime that should V 过去时 你该走了 我们该睡觉了 It shightimethatyouwent It shightimethatyouweregoing It shightimethatyoushouldgo It stimethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed 5 without和butfor构成虚拟 butfor要不是 Withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedthework Butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert 6 Ifonly 要是 就好了 IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIcouldseehimagain 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 要是我没错过火车就好了 Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 7 语境中的虚拟语气 1 介词短语表条件Butforyourhelp wecouldn thavesucceeded Theywouldn thavereachedtheagreementsoeasilywithoutthatcommonground 2 情境中提供虚拟语气Supposetherewerenogravitationalforce objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped Shewasn tfeelingverywell Otherwiseshewouldn thaveleftthemeetingsoearly 8 It snecessary strange natural important that 从句中的动词要用虚拟 即 should 动词原形 1 Itisimportantthatwe should masteraforeignlanguage 2 Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty 3 It snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard 三 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点 1 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致 叫做错综条件虚拟语气 主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定 Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher sadvice youwouldn tbeinthehospital 经典题目1 Ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowhadasked wouldhaveknownC askedhim knowD hadasked wouldknow2 Whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank A BobhadwalkedfartherB ifBobshouldwalkfartherC hadBobwalkedfartherD ifBobwalkedfarther C D 3 HowIwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden 02上海 A hasB hadC willhaveD hadhad4 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit 95N A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken B C 陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题5 Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit A willrainB rainsC rainedD israined6 Wouldyouhavecalledherup possible Yes butI busydoingmyhomework A haditbeen wasB ifitwas wereC ifithadbeen hadbeenD ifitwere wouldbe B 该句为陈述语气 因为主句用的是willbeputoff 真实条件句主句为将来时 从句用一般现在时代将来时 问句中用的是虚拟语气 主句用wouldhavecalled 从句中与过去相反的动词形式为haddone 答句中表示的是真实的情况 所以该用陈述语气 A 高考题点击7 Youdidn tletmedrive Ifwe inturn you sotired A drove didn tgetB haddriven wouldn thavegotC drove wouldn tgetD weredriving wouldn tget8 ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI inlove attheageofseven withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown 02上海 A wouldn thavefallenB hadnotfallenC shouldfallD weretofall 前句用的是陈述语气 表示过去发生的事 后句是虚拟语气 表示与过去相反 B B 该句主句中用的是与现在相反的虚拟语气 而从句中使用的是与过去相反的虚拟语气 全句意思为 如果我不在七岁时迷上了我们家乡的MelindaCoxLibrary 我真不能想象我今天会做什么 DoyoumindifIleavethewindowopen Well I dratheryou A don tB didn tC won tD mustn t10 It shalfpasteleven It shightime home A we llB we dC we regoingD wewent B D 11 Jack yet otherwisehewouldhavephonedme N97 A mustn thavearrivedB shouldn thavearrivedC can thavearrivedD needn thavearrived C 4 名词性从句中的虚拟语气A 宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词suggest order demand request desire insist require decide determine advise recommend deserve 值得提及 后需用should型的虚拟语气 考题点击 Theteacherdemandedthatthework before4o clock A finishedB befinishedC shouldfinishD finish2 Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother sillness Hesuggestedthatshe anoperationatonce A musthaveB hadC haveD hadhad B C B 主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型 Itissu