题型分类指导之短文改错专题.ppt

题型分类指导之 短文改错专题 Howtocorrectacomposition 题型特点 1 词法内容 包括名词 代词的数与格 反身代词 动词时态语态 非谓语动词 短语动词的用法 不规则动词的变化形式 形容词的比较级 形容词副词的区别 介词的误用等 2 句法内容 包括主谓一致 指代一致 并列连词 从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语 感叹句 疑问句 祈使句的结构等 3 行文逻辑 包括句子的肯定 否定 推理 判断等 题型专项 短文改错 考点聚焦 a 2000 Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess schoolmates b 04 Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce strangers c 01 TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI llgetmarksinallmysubject subjects 1 名词 考点设置 e 02 OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful pictures e 04 Thatwasadinnerwehadwaitedforseveralmonth 命题特点 本来用复数 却用单数 改正方法 1 根据名词前的修饰限定成份 2 根据上下文的逻辑关系 f 04 YoucanfindallkindsofinformationinjustminuteontheInternet months minutes a 04浙江 Andeveryyearmoreandmorepeoplestartastampcollectionofyourownanddiscoverandandinterestwhichcanevenlastalifetime b 02 Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited c 04湖北 Youhavetobefriendswithyourpupilsandtakecareofhim their 2 代词 us them d 02春 Whenheboughtachocolatecake heputtheminasecretplacewhichIcouldn tfind it e 03 IwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish f 02北京 Theyusuallywilltrytochange buttheywilltakesometimebecausetheygetangryalltheirlives 命题特点 代词与其所指代对象不一致 改正方法 联系上下文的语气及逻辑关系 it myself a 02 Aseveryoneknows it sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals the b 01 Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof but c 04天津 Aswealllefthomeatearlyage wemetlotsofproblemsinourdailylife an 3 冠词 a d 04福建 Tenminuteslater thefiremencametheputoutfire the e 04湖南 Ihadthoughtitwouldbeeasytest f 05 Ihopeyou vehadpleasantjourneyhome 命题特点及改正方法 英语中冠词只有三个 只能从以下几个方向出题 1 不定冠词a和an互改 2 不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改 3 根据需要增删冠词 an a a 01 wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether b 04 I manewcomerhereofasmalltown c 04 I msuretheywilllaughtomeandseemeasafool d 04 We lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner 4 介词 from at about e 05 Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp for f 05 We releavingfromourhometownstospendthewintervacation for 命题特点及改正方法 介词涉及搭配错误 因此可从以下方面确定错误 1 介词的基本用法 2 习惯搭配 3 动词词类确定错误 如例a talkabout是及物动词 后边要接宾语 a 01 Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothat do b 02 Thetimepassesquickly Eveningcame c 03 Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass d 04 Idon tknowthattheydon tliketotalkwithme Sometimes wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass 5 动词 passed read talk e 05辽宁 Iwasahighschoolstudentthen fromlow incomefamily SoIhavetoworktosupportmyfamily f 05 Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether 命题特点 现在时与过去时的误用 句中一般没有时间状语 改正方法 动词改错题是考查的重点 每年都考 要注意联系上下文 突破单句层次 着眼于整个语篇 took had a 04 Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly quiet b 04 TherehavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes personal c 04 FindinginformationontheNetiseasily easy d 04天津 However weseldomfeltlonelyorhelplessly helpless 6 形容词 副词 e 05辽宁 IworkedharderbecauseIwasafraidoflosingthejob f 05 Mypronunciationwasterribly 命题特点及改正方法 主要考查形容词和副词的误用 形容词及副词的比较级等 1 根据adj 或adv 的基本用法确定错误 2 修饰连系动词或名词用形容词 3 修饰行为动词 形容词 过去分词及整个句子用副词 hard terrible a 00 Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme and b 01 Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest c 02 Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood but 7 连词 d 04湖北 Iteachthem playwiththem butwatchthemgrowingup e 04湖南 Theteacherwasn tlookingatme butIcopiedsomething or and so f 05福建 Theactivitiesarenotonlyenjoyableandalsohelpful 命题特点及改正方法 主要考查and or but so等并列连词的误用 1 根据句型结构确定错误 2 根据句意确定错误 3 根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误 but a 01 MyparentswillsoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation to b 02 Wefedmonkeys visitingtemplesandtoldstories talking c 03 SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish 8 非谓语动词 visited d 04江苏 Shakeherhead shesaid Shaking e 05福建 Iamlookingforwardtoseeallofyouagaininthenearfuture seeing f 05山东 We rebusyprepareforourtrips 命题特点 1 谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用 2 动词不定式和现在分词 或动名词 的错用 3 现在分词和过去分词的错用等 改正方法 1 根据动词的基本用法确定错误 如c 当两个动词相连时 要特别检查各个动词是否正确 如b 2 根据非谓语动词在句子中的成分确定错误 如a 3 进行句子结构分析 如当动词出现在句首时 要认真分析这个句子是否是祈使句 如果不是 这个动词就可能用法错误 如d preparing a 02 Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain in b 04 Idon tknowthattheydon tliketotalkwithme whose c 03 ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateeverythingintoEnglish how 9 句子结构 d 01 Whatthingsareinotherhomes Iwonder e 04福建 Ihaveagoodfriendwho snameisLiuMei why when f 05辽宁 AndIcametounderstandthatwasnoteasytoearnmoney g 05 Earningtheirownmoneyallowsthemtospendonanythingasiftheyplease h 02 IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow it it it 命题特点及改正方法 句子结构方面的错误范围庞大 主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等 解答这类题从以下方面来思考 1 句子结构是否完整 成份是否冗缺 2 复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等 10 正确 命题特点 每年一个小题 a 01 Likemostofmyschools Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters inanyotherwords Iamanonlychild b 04 Therearenoneedtospendmoney 11 其他 c 05 SowhatIlearnedfromthejobwasmuchmoreimportantaswhatIearned 命题特点及改正方法 其他可能涉及的考点有固定句型 习语 习惯搭配 主谓一致 名词及动词辨析和被动语态等 进行逻辑 语境分析以及积累一些常见习语搭配是解题关键 any is than 2006年高考短文改错热点 名词 连词 时态 复合句 习惯用语 冠词 非谓语动词 2006年高考短文改错冷点 代词 主谓一致 介词 形容词 副词 考点预测 Notallpeopleliketoworkandeveryonelikestoplay Allover76 theworldmenandwoman boysandgirlsenjoysports Since77 longago manyadultsandchildrencalledtheirfriendstogether78 tospendhours evendaysplaygames Oneofthereasonspeople79 liketoplayisthatsportshelpthemtolivehappily Inotherwords 80 theyhelptokeeppeoplestrongandfeelgood Whenpeopleare81 playinggames theymovealot Thatishowsportsaregoodactivities82 fortheirhealth Havingfunwiththeirfriendsmakethemhappy 83 Manypeopleenjoysportsbywatchingtheothersplay InAmerican84 bigcities thousandssellticketstowatchfootballorbasketballgames 85 2005高考湖北卷 Practicemakesperfect 谚 熟能生巧 but women the why playing makes feeling have buy 1 通读全文 了解文章主旨大意 确定文章的题材 体裁 把握文章的背景知识 2 逐句分析 把握结构 粗略分析词法 句法 逻辑上是否有问题 3 逐行修改 先易后难 4 复读全文 验证答案