中国七大古都英语介绍.ppt

HistoryofSevenAncientCapitalCities Eachancientandhistoricalcityhasitsownstoryandspirit Thestyleandthecharacteristicsofeachcityarerecreatedbytime Thescenicwonders thehistoryandthemodernglamorousofthecitiesarevaluablefortunesforustofeel tolearntosee Let sgoandappreciatetheprecious 每一座古都 城市 都有自己的故事 每一座古都 城市 都有自己的灵魂 时间造就了她们各自的个性与风格 那些城市里的优美风景 那些融入到骨子里的历史与现代 这些城市的每一处每一景都等待你去观察和聆听 走进中国七大古都 领略古都风韵 Thesevenancientcapitalcities Anyang 安阳 Beijing 北京 Hangzhou 杭州 Kaifeng 开封 Luoyang 洛阳 Nanjing 南京 Xi an 西安 1 Anyang 安阳 AnyangCityislocatedinthefarnorthofHenanProvince aplacewherethethreeprovinceofShanxi HenanandHebeimeets AnyangsurroundedbyTaihangMountainsinthewest ZhangheRiverinthenorthandNorthChinaPlaininthesoutheast 安阳市位于河南省最北部 处于山西 河南 河北3省的交汇处 西边是太行山 北边临着漳河 东南与华北平原接壤 History14thcenturyBC thekingofShangdynastyPanGengmovedthecountry capitalintotheplace nowinAnyangregion andhasbeenrenamedto Yin sincethen theruleroftheShangdynastyhasbeenstayhere untiltheShangdynastyperish lastedformorethan200years 公元前14世纪 商王盘庚迁都北蒙 今安阳地区 并改名为 殷 此后 商朝的统治者一直在此定都 直到商朝灭亡 历时200多年 TheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesperiod Anyangregioninpolitics economy cultureoccupiesaveryimportantposition afterJinstrong JinstatetookoverAnyangfromWeistatebyforce andgivethecitythepresentname 春秋战国时期 安阳地区在政治 经济 文化中占有很重要的地位 晋国强大以后 将安阳从魏国手中夺去 安阳 的名称也是在这一时期出现 AfterQindynastywasfounded AnyangbecameacountryofHandanprefecture 秦朝建立以后 在安阳置县 隶属于邯郸郡 DuringtheperiodoftheSouthernandNortherndynasties AnyangwasthecapitalofEasternWeiandNorthernQisuccessively andbrilliantlastednearlyhalfacentury 南北朝时期的东魏 北齐也都曾在这里建都 历时近半个世纪 AftertheSongdynasty however Anyanggraduallylostitsimportance 宋代以后 安阳的地位日趋衰落 ViewSpot TheYinDynastyRuinsYinwasreducedtoruinsinfiresattheShangDynasty scollapse descriptionsofYinRuinscanbefoundalotofhistoricalrecords Butitsexactlocationremindedamysteryuntilthediscoveredattheendof19thcentury 商朝灭亡后 殷都被焚毁 一直被弃用 渐渐的被变成一座废墟 但在历史书中有大量的记载 但殷墟的具体位置人们并不清楚 历史上曾经成为难解之谜 知道19世纪末期甲骨文的发现 人们才找到了殷墟 wenfengPagoda XiudingTemplePagoda 文峰寺 修定寺塔 2 BeijingBeijingislocatedonthenorthernoftipoftheNorthChinaPlainandfacingMountYanandTaihangMountainastoitsnortheastandaboundlessplaintoitssouth BeijingenjoyseasyaccesstotheNortheastChinaPlain theMongolianPlateau thehillyareainReheandtheSongliaoPlain 北京坐落于华北平原的北部 它的西北是燕山 太行山脉 东南是广阔的平原 是东北平原与蒙古高地 热河山地与松辽平原的交通要道 History Beijingisoneofthecradlesofhumancivilization About700000yearsago therelivedsomeapemenintheareaaroundtoday sZhouhoudian theyaretheworld famous Pekingman IntheShangdynasty thougnBeijingwasnotunderthepoliticairuleofthedynasty IntheZhoudynasty emperorsruledandexpandedthe StateofYaninSpringandAutumnPeriod 722 481BC calledJi 薊 LiaoDynasty 907 1125 asasecondarycapital calledYanjing 燕京 JinDynasty 1115 1234 fromEmperorShizonguntil1215 calledZhongdu 中都 YuanDynasty 1271to1368 calledDadu 大都 MingDynastyfromthetimeoftheMingYongleEmperor r 1402 1424 until1644calledjingshi 京師 capital QingDynastyfromthefalloftheMingin1644totheendofthedynastyin1912 TheBeiyangGovernmentoftheRepublicofChina ThecurrentcapitalofthePeople sRepublicofChina Viewpoint Alandwithtime honoredhistoryandculture alanddecoratedbynumerousman madelandscapesandhistoricalrelics suchas TheGreatWall ImperialPalaceSummerPalace 3 HangzhouHangzhouliesonthenorthbankofthelowerreachoftheQuangtangriverandatthesouthpointoftheHangjiaPlain Seeingthecurrentbustlingscenesofthecity perhapsnonecouldimaginethecitywasjustafewsmallislandsinashallowbayinthedistantpastandhasarecordedhistoryofmorethan2 000years HangzhouwascommendedbyfamousItalianmerchantandtravelerMarcoPoloasthemostamazingluxurycityintheworld 杭州位于钱塘江下游北岸 航嘉平原的南端 杭州是由原来的一片浅海湾发展成为城市的 从秦朝在杭州设置钱塘县至今 杭州建城已经有2000多年的历史了 曾被意大利著名旅行家马可 波罗赞为 世界上最美丽华贵之城 history Hangzhouhasalonghistory andextensiveculturalheritages AsearlyasintheNewStoneAge 4000to5000yearsago itsfirstinhabitantscreatedthesplendidLiangzhuCulture reputedlycalledthetwilightofcivilization HangzhouwascalledQingtanginancienttimes Over2200yearshaspassedsinceitwasdesignatedastheseatofQingtangCountyintheQinDynasty In1129 HangzhouwasrenamedLin an In1138 theSouthernSongDynastymadeLin anitscapital andsincethenitservedasthecapitalinthefollowing140years 雷峰塔 ViewPoint Inchina thereare36westlakes butthewestlakeinHangzhouisthemostfamous TherearealotofTouristattractions suchas LeifengPagoda 雷峰塔 FishViewingattheFlowerPond 花港观鱼 DawnonSuDiinSpring MoonlightoverWestLakeinAutumn CurvedYardandLotusPoolinSummer LingeringSnowontheBrokenBridgeinWinter 苏提春晓 曲院风荷 平湖秋月 断桥残雪 4 Kaifeng 开封 KeifengislocatedontheeastofHenanprovince andonaplainonthesouthbankoftheYellowriver Itisacityoftime honoredhistoryandcivilization alsooneofthefirstcultivatedlandsinChina Asearlyas5 000yearsago primitivetribeslefttheirfootprintonthisland 开封位于河南省东部 黄河东岸的豫东平原上 是中国著名的历史文化名城 开封城历史悠久 是中国最早开发的地域之一 早在5000多年前 再现在的开封城附近就出现了原始的聚落 history Kaifengisoneofthesevenancientcapitalsandfamoushistoriccities Ithasahistoryofmorethan2 700years ItwasthecapitalsofWeiDynasty WarringStatesPeriod LaterLiang LaterJin LaterHan LaterZhou FiveDynastiesPeriod NorthernSongandJinDynasties SoKaifengisknownas theCapitalsofSevenDynasties EspeciallyduringtheNorthernSongDynasty boastingapopulationofoveronemillion Kaifengwasmostflourishingwiththeinnerandoutercitywallsmagnificentlybuilt andcommoditiesassembledfromallovertheworld ViewSpotIronPagodasituatedatthethenortheastcornerofKaifeng andoriginallyathirteen storiedwoodentowerbuiltinNorthernSong XiangguotemplewasoriginallytheprivatemansionofprinceXinlingintheWarringStatesPeriod 铁塔 相国寺 DragonPavilion 龙亭 YanqingTaoistTemple 延庆观 5 LouyangLouyangcityislocatedinthewestofHenanProvince Itistheonlyonewhichisnominatedasthe MagicalCity ofChina Itwasusedtobethecapitalofninedynasties EasternZhou EasternHan Wei WesternJin NorthernWei SuiduringthereignofEmperorYang TangduringthereignofEmperorWuzetian LaterLiang 907 923 aswellasLaterTang 923 936 洛阳市位于河南省西部 建于公元前12世纪 是中国历史上唯一被命名为 神都 的城市 九个朝代在此建都 从东周起 历东汉 曹魏 西晋 北魏 隋 炀帝 唐 武后 后梁 后唐 history LuoyangwasthecapitalofvariousChinesegovernmentsincluding sortedchronologically EasternZhouDynastyEasternHanDynastyfrom25to220KingdomofWeiduringtheThreeKingdomsWesternJinDynastyNorthernWeiDynastysince493 moveditscapitalfromDatong LaterTangDynastyduringthePeriodofFiveDynastiesandTenKingdoms ViewSpotWhiteHorseTemple situatedninekilometerseastofLuoyangandbuiltin68AD andwasthefirsttemplebuiltupafterBuddhismwasintroducedtoChina LongmenGrottoes togetherwithYungangGrottoesinDatongandMogaoCavesinDunhuang aretitledthethreetreasuresoftheChineseBuddhistart 白马寺 龙门石窟 6 Nanjing 南京 SurroundedbytheJinghangPlaininthenorth theYangtzeDeltaintheeast hillsinthewestandTaihuLakeinthesouthandwiththeYangtzeRiberflowingthrough thecityofNanjinghasbeenregardedas themostbeautifulcityinSouthChinaandanidealplaceforemperorstoresidein fromancienttimes 自古以来 南京就享有 江南佳丽地 金陵帝王城 的美名 它位于长江中下游 北部有辽阔坦荡的江淮平原 东边有富饶的长江三角洲 西面靠近皖南丘陵 南面连着太湖水网 长江又穿城而过 history NanjingwasthecapitalofvariousChinesegovernmentsincluding alloftheSixDynasties calledJianyeorJiankang TheSixDynastiesare KingdomofWuduringtheThreeKingdoms EasternJinDynastyLiuSongDynastySouthernQiDynastyLiangDynastyChenDynastyTaipingTianguoduringtheTaipingRebellion KnownasTianjingbetween1853anditsfallin1864 ViewSpot TheConfuciusTemple 夫子庙 ATempleofConfuciusorConfuciantemple isatempledevotedtothememoryofandtheConfuciussagesandphilosophersofConfucianism 7 Xi an 西安 InthemiddleoftheGuanzhongplaininShanxiprovince thereisacitycalledXi an nourishedbytheWeihe