2016高考英语暑假自选训练(4)及答案.doc

阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。In business, theres a speed difference：Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. Whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a threeyear period.How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lowerquality products and services.In our study, higherperforming companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.提速，似乎是历来公司老总们所追求的，增加效益更是他们的最终目标。而人们对于速度的不同理解和方法的不同，确实适得其反。1What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?AIncrease the speed.BGet an advantage.CReach the limit.DSet a goal.答案：B。理解判断题。在文章的第一段中就提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题，信息词“fearful of losing their competitive advantage”可以表明划线部分的意义同选项B。2The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means _.Aspending more time and performing worseBspending more time and performing betterCspending less time and performing worse Dspending less time and performing better答案：D。归纳概况题。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味着：take less time ；而最终的效益还得需要performing better，故两者结合，才是公司一直在梦寐以求的最佳目标。故选D。3. What can we learn from the text?AHow fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.BHow competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.CFirms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.DFirms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.答案：C。细节判断题。倒数第二段的第一句里含有本题的信息，即同选项C的说法是一致的。4Which could be the best title for the text?AImprove quality? Serve better.BDeliver value? Plough ahead.CReduce time? Move faster.DNeed speed? Slow down.答案：D。主旨大意题。文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向，即：公司想方设法提高工作速度；而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解，如果没有好的决策，适得其反，故选项D是最佳答案。社会生活类-阅读理解。Ive recently returned from a trip to China where Starbucks signed two historic Memoranda of Understanding to invest in growing high-quality coffee in Yunnan province. Well be cooperating with the Peoples Government of Puer City (Yunnan Province) and the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences. These agreements signal cooperation between Starbucks and China to revolutionize the Chinese coffee market and help local farmers there grow new, high-quality coffees that are sure to be prized throughout the world. Although we will continue to buy coffees from many countries, this opportunity allows us to help build Chinas specialty coffee market from scratch. Well open another Farmer Support Center, manage a base farm to grow coffee for production and create a demo farm that offers training on soil quality, tree planting and pruning, and education about C. A. F. E. Practices. We will also operate wet and dry mills. Between the agronomists and partners with years of leadership in the coffee industry, we have the experience necessary to be very successful. I am excited about the immense opportunity this partnership represents. But whats even more rewarding is the opportunity to give back to the farmers in this area. During my visit, I met with 156 excited farmers who represent the 27 ethnic tribes that live in the lush, rural area of Yunnan. This is the ideal region with the perfect climate for growing specialty coffee in China. The area is Puer, known for its beauty and also its exquisite teas. We are looking forward to this historic partnership with the Chinese government and Yunnan farmers. For us, this will be a market with huge potential for growth. For the farmers, this means hope for a brighter, more stable business that respects the people and the land of this area. We are doing something truly special. In just a few short years, we will reinvent the coffee sector in China and bring an awareness of Yunnan coffee to the rest of the world. 1. What seems to be a big piece of news to Yunnan province? A. There will be a blockbuster shown in Yunnan. B. Two Memoranda are signed on coffee-planting. C. I have made a trip to revive a prize in Yunnan. D. High-quality coffees have been found in Yunnan. 2. What other support will Yunnan be offered? Another Farmer Support Center will be opened. The relative training on coffee-planting will be given. Wet and dry mills will be operated to produce coffee. I will be sent back to Yunnan to inspect the preparation. A. B. C. D. 3. What is the reason that Yunnan is chosen to cooperate with? A. The perfect climate. B. So much cheap labour. C. Many ethnic tribes. D. Rich experience in farm work. 4. Why does the author say it is a historic partnership? A. It opens up the coffee industry in China. B. It will change the world coffee market. C. It will bring more high-quality coffee from Yunnan. D. It is the first time to grow coffee in China. 5. What can be implied in the passage? A. Yunnan coffee will shock the world. B. More ethnic tribes will be known to the world. C. More people in the world will know Yunnan. D. The cooperation will be more in other fields. 【参考答案】11.BBACC 社会生活类-阅读理解。Remember that divorce is confusing for children. When you first talk with children, limit your discussion to the most important issues; children can become confused if they are given too much information at once.children need to hear that their basic needs will be met, that someone will still fix breakfast in the morning, help them with their homework. Children also need to know that their relationship with both parents will continue, if possible. In the face of so many changes, children also need to hear what will remain the same. Parents can make sure their children through words and actions that their love will continue despite the changes in family life. During these family discussions, it is important for parents to tell children that the divorce is final and avoid giving children false hopes that the parents will reunite. Parents can also use this time to tell children that the divorce is not their fault. Many children believe that the divorce is a result of something that they did. For instance, when asked why parents divorce, some children may explain that parents are divorcing because the children misbehaved or received bad grades in school. Remember to ask children about their fears and concerns. Give children time to think about the divorce and the changes ahead. Take your childrens questions and concerns seriously and listen to what they say. As stated by one child, “This is gonna affect the rest of my life and I dont know if they just dont realize that, or dont care, or what, but I dont feel like Im being heard.”Children need to know that parents recognize the impact of divorce on childrens lives. By listening to childrens thoughts and feelings about the divorce, parents show their ongoing care and concern. 1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Talking with children about divorce. B. The relationship between children and parents. C. Dont blame your child for divorce. D. Showing more concern for your child. 2. If you first talk about your divorce with your son, . A. you can tell him the real reason why you couple parted B. you should say that you couple will remarryC. you may as well tell him you still love himD. you can avoid talking about your sorrow3. Faced with a broken-up family, . A. parents can provide numberless of reasonsB. parents can keep their relationship continuedC. parents should remove the worry of the childD. parents must be careful and cautious4. According to the passage parents divorce will. A. make children filled with guiltyC. result in childrens grades going downC. leave children lack self-confidenceD. cause children to be ill-tempered5. If you were such a parent, you should do the following EXCEPT. A. you should pay more attention to what your child talks aboutB. you must care whatever your child is thinking aboutC. you can blame the divorce on your partnerD. youd better keep regular touch with your child【参考答案】12. ACCAC 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Like distance runners on measured course, all of us will move through time in a roughly predictable pattern. In the first stage of our lives, we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality (energy). After we grow up, however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out. A new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality, yet nothing we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging. Most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body. The lungs become less able to take in oxygen. Powerful muscles gradually lose their strength. The heart loses power and pumps less blood. Bones grow easier to break. Finally, we meet a stress, a stress that is greater than our physical resistance. Often, it is only a minor accident or chance infection (a disease caused by virus), but this time, it brings life to an end. In 1932, a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats, simply by cutting back the calories (unit for measuring the energy value of food)in their diet. The reason for the effect was then unknown. Today, at the University of California at Berkley, Dr. Paul Seagle has also greatly lengthened the normal lifetime of rats. The result was achieved through a special protein (蛋白质)limited diet, which had a great effect on the chemistry of the brain. Seagle showed that within the brain, specific chemicals control many of the signals that influence aging. By changing that chemical balance, the clock of aging ca