英语中形容词用法专题精讲.ppt

形容词用法专题精讲 一 形容词的定义形容词用来修饰名词或代词 表示人或事物的性质 状态 和特征 二 形容词的用法 1 作定语 一般放在名词之前 不定代词something anything nothing everything等之后 eg It sasunnydaytoday 今天是个阳光灿烂的日子 Shehasaredcoat 她有一件红色的外套 Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink 你想喝点热饮料吗 我有重要的事要告诉你 电影里有什么有趣的内容吗 这儿一点都不危险 Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm Thereisnothingdangeroushere 2 作表语 放在系动词的后面 eg Helookshappytoday 他今天显得很高兴Ifeelverytiredafterplayingfootball 踢球之后我觉得很累 3 形容词用作宾语补足语 放在宾语之后 eg Don tkeepthedooropen 别让门敞着 Hissuccessmadehimhappy 他的成功让他感到幸福 某些形容词放在定冠词之后 变成名词 表示一类人 常见的形容词有 good bad rich poor young old deaf blind black white living dead等 eg Theoldoftenthinkofoldthings 老年人经常回想往事 Thenewalwaystaketheplaceoftheold 新生事物总是会取代旧的事物 5 多个形容词修饰一个名词时 其顺序为 限定词 冠词 指示代词 形容词性物主代词 数词 描绘性形容词 大小 长短 高低 形状 年龄 新旧 颜色 国籍 地区 出处 物质材料 用途 类别 名词Asmallroundtable一张小圆桌Atallwhitebuilding一幢高大的白色建筑物AfamousAmericanmedicalschool一个非常著名的美国医学院 1 Onedaytheycrossedthe bridgebehindthepalace A oldChinesestoneB ChineseoldstoneC oldstoneChineseD Chinesestoneold 2 HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdao Itwasgreat Wevisitedsomefriends andspentthe daysattheseaside A fewlastsunnyB lastfewsunnyC lastsunnyfewD fewsunnylast 1 副词的作用 用来修饰动词 形容词 其它副词 全句或名词词组及句子 二 副词 2 有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成 有几个特殊的要去e后再加 ly或y 如 true trulyterrible terribly good的副词是well well也可作形容词用 但只有唯一的意思 healthy健康的hard既是形容词也是副词 作形容词是 困难的 difficult 作副词是 努力地 hardly的意思是 几乎不 它和hard没关系 注意 用词的适当形式填空1Heworksvery He hasarestonSunday hard 2 hedidn tfailintheexam luck 3Hewasso thathecouldn tbelievethis news surprise 4Hewon tdoit Iwon tdoit too hard hardly Luckily surprised surprising either 5Mr Greenisfeeling enoughtogotowork good 6Theoldmanlooksvery thanyouthink friend 7Thisboxisnotso asthatone heavy 8Lucyjumped ofthefour high well morefriendly heavy highest 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词1 一般情况加 er或 estfast faster fastesthigh higher highestclever cleverer cleverest 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词2 以字母e结尾加 r或 stfine finer finestlate later latestnice nicer nicest 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词3 重读闭音节 末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写加 er或 estfat fatter fattestbig bigger biggestthin thinner thinnest 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词4 以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i加 er或 estearly earlier earliesteasy easier easiestlucky luckier luckiest 规则变化部分双音节和多音节词在词前加more或mostslowly moreslowly mostslowlyeasily moreeasily mosteasilycarefully morecarefully mostcarefully 不规则变化good well better bestmany much more mostlittle less leastfar farther farthest far further furthest bad badly ill worse worst 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法 1 表示两者 人或事物 的比较时用比较级 通常用连词than引导 表示 较 或 更 一些 的意思 Thiscakeismoredeliciousthanthatone LiLeijumpedfartherthanJim did 2 表示三者或三者以上 人或事物 的比较用最高级 最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the 后面可带of in among 短语来说明比较的范围 ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina Lucysings the bestofall Heisthemostcarefulamongus 3 在表示 和 一样 和 不及 这类概念时 可以用 as 原级 as 和 notas so 原级 as 的句型 Ourteacherisasbusyasbefore Hedoesnotrunso as fastasI 4 可用much still alittle even far threeyears等表示程度的状语来修饰比较级 SheismuchtallerthanMrs Liu HeisthreeyearsolderthanI Thisproblemisalittlemoredifficultthantheotherone 5 几种比较级的使用句型1 比较级 and 比较级 表示 越来越 YourEnglishisgettingbetterandbetter 你的英语越来越好了 ThesedaysmoreandmorepeoplearelearningEnglish 现在学英语的人越来越多了 2 the 比较级 the 比较级 表示 越 就越 Themore thebetter 越多越好 Thebusierheis thehappierhefeels 他越忙越高兴 3 more less than 表示 不止 不到 Sheismorethanthirty 她三十多岁了 Thelightestweighslessthan50kilograms 最轻的不到五十公斤 4 moreorless 表示 差不多 或多或少 Theproblemismoreorlesssolved 这个问题差不多已经解决了 Isitstraight Moreorless 它直吗 差不多吧 6 注意点形容词最高级前一定要用the 副词最高级前可省略在比较级中为了避免重复 在the后常用one that those等词来替代前面提到过的名词 Thispenisshorterthanthatone TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatofShanghai 3 用or连接两项需作比较的内容时 须用比较级 若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时 则须用最高级 Whoistaller MaryorJane Whichisbiggest thesun themoonortheearth 7 掌握几种同义句转换1 Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass Heistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass Heistallerthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass Heisthetallest student inhisclass 3 IprefermathstoEnglish IlikemathsbetterthanEnglish 4 Theboxistooheavyforhimtocarry Theboxissoheavythathecan tcarryit Theboxisnotlightenoughforhimtocarry Exercises c 选择 1Whogetshomeusually inyourfamily A thelatestB laterC earlyD aslate 2Themorewelookedatthepicture A welikeitlessB thelesswelikeditC betterwelikeditD itlookedbetter 3Whatapity Lucyran thanLily A afewmoreslowlyB alittlemoreslowlyC muchmoreslowlyD littleslowlier A B B 4Don tworry Yourbabyislookedafter here thenursearevery A careful carefullyB carefully carefulC care carelessD careless care 5Theideabecame Hewantedtotry A strangly itoutB strangly outitC strange itoutD strange outit 6Beijingis biggestcitiesinChina A thefirstB oneofC thesecondD second B C C 7 Thebreadis thanthesecakesA verydeliciousB muchdeliciousC moredeliciousD asdelicious 8 LinTaojumped inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA farB fartherC farthestD quitefar 9 Whentheymetinthehotel Theytalkedandlaughed A happilyB happyC happierD happiest 10 whichis seasoninBeijing A goodB betterC bestD thebest C C A D 11 IthinkYaomingthefamousbasketballplayer hewillbe newStarinNBAhotB hotterC hottestD thehottest12 Inourcityit s inJuly butitiseven inAugusthotterhottestB hothotC hotterhotD hothotter13 HainanisaverylargeIsland Itisthesecond islandinchinalargeB largerC largestD mostlargest14 Anelephantis thanatigerheavyB veryheavyC theheaviestD heavier D D C D 15 Ahorseis thanadogMuchheavyB moreheavierC muchheavier16 Emmaalwaysmakesalotofmistakes Sheis CareB carefulC carefullyD careless17 Whichsubjectis physicsorchemistry InterestingB mostinterestingC MoreinterestingD themostinteresting C D C 18 Heis enoughtocarrytheheavyboxstrongB strongerC muchstronger D thestrongest19 Lileioftentalks butdoes soeveryonesaysheisagoodboyA lessmoreB fewmuchC morelittleD littlemany20 Whenthefamoussingerstartedtosing everyonebegantoshoutvery loudlyB loudC heavilyD high A A A 形容词练习 21 Thiscoatisabittooforme Doyouhaveasizeinblue A small bigB small biggerC small biggerD small big22 Heissotiredthathefellassoonashelaydown A sleepB sleepingC sleepyD asleep23 IfIhad I dgotoEgyptandhaveabookattheGreatPyramid A alongenoughholidayB anenoughlongholidayC aholidayenoughlongD alongholidayenough24 Heworksvery HehasarestonSundays A hard hardlyB hardly hardC hard hardD hardly hardly25 JulyandAugustarethemonthsinayear A hotB ho