3.-初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

精品文档 11欢迎下载 初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表 名 称 用 法动词形式 以 do 为例 常 用 时 间 状 语例 句 一 般 现 在 时 1 现在的状态 2 经常性或习 惯性的动作 3 主语具备的 性格或能力 I We You They do He She It does in the morning afternoon morning every day morning Sunday on Sunday always usually often sometimes 1 She is twelve 2 I get up at 6 30 every day 3 She likes swimming 一 般 过 去 时 1 过去某时发 生的动作或存 在的状态 2 过去经常或 反复发生的动 作 I We did You did He She It did They did yesterday morning afternoon last night Sunday in 1990 two days ago always usually often sometimes 1 I got up at 6 30 yesterday 2 He always went to work by bus last year 一 般 将 来 时 1 将来某时间 要发生的动或 存在的状态 2 将来经常或 反复发生的 动作 I shall do I m going to do We You They He She It will do We You They are going to do He She It is going to do tomorrow morning afternoon evening next year month week 1 I will go to my home town next week 2 I ll come to see you every Sunday 3 I m going to swim tomorrow afternoon 现 在 进 行 时 现在或当前一 段时间内正在 进行或发生的 动作 I m doing He She It is doing We You They are doing now 1 She is watering the flowers 2 Are they working now 3 They are listening to the teacher 过 去 进 行 时 过去某一时刻 或某一段正在 进行的动作 I He She It was doing We You They were doing this time yesterday at ten o clock yesterday at that time when he came back 1 We were reading in class this time yesterday 2 I was drawing a picture when the teacher came in 现 在 完 1 过去发生或 已经完成的某 一动作对现在 造成的影响或 He She It has done We You They have done already just before never for three years since 1990 1 I ve already posted the letter 2 We have known each other 精品文档 22欢迎下载 成 时 结果 2 表示过去已 经开始并持续 到现在的动作 或状态 this morning these days for ten years 3 They lived here since 1997 4 Have you ever been to Beijing 过 去 完 成 时 过去某一时间 前已经发后的 动作或状态 I We You He She It had done by the end of when 一般过去时 before 一般过去时 1 I had learned 2000 words by the end of last term 2 When I got out the bus had already left 现 在 完 成 进 行 时 现在以前的一 段时间里一直 进行的动作 这个运作可能 仍在进行 也 可能继续进行 下去 I We You They have been doing He She It has been doing since nine o clock for five hours 1 I have been skating for five hours 2 She has been skating since nine o clock 初中英语时态专项练习初中英语时态专项练习 1 1 一般现在时 一般现在时 通常用 usually often every day sometimes 一般现在时基本用法介绍 一 一般现在时的功能 1 表示事物或人物的特征 状态 如 The sky is blue 天空是蓝色的 2 表示经常性或习惯性的动作 如 I get up at six every day 我每天六点起床 3 表示客观现实 如 The earth goes around the sun 地球绕着太阳转 二 一般现在时的构成 肯定句肯定句 1 主语 系动词 be is am are 名词 形容词 介词短语 2 其他主语 动词原形 其它 第三人称单数 动词 s 其它 如 I am a boy 我是一个男孩 We study English 我们学习英语 Mary likes Chinese 玛丽喜欢汉语 三 一般现在时的变化 精品文档 33欢迎下载 否定句 否定句 1 主语 be is am are not 其它 如 He is not a worker 他不是工 人 2 其他主语 do not don t 动词原形 其它 I don t like bread 第三人称单数 does not doesn t 动词原形 其它 He doesn t often play 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 1 Be Is Are 主语 其它 如 Are you a student Yes I am No I m not 2 Do 其他主语 动词原形 其它 Does 第三人称单数 动词原形 其它 注意 遇 I we you my your some any Does she go to work by bike Yes she does No she doesn t Do you often play football Yes I do No I don t 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 疑问词 一般疑问句 如 Where is my bike How does your father go to work 2 2 现在进行时 现在进行时 通常用 now look listen 1 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作 也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在 进行的动作 2 现在进行时的结构 肯定句肯定句 主语 be is am are 动词现在分词 ing eg I am not doing my homework You We They are not reading He She It is not eating 否定句 否定句 主语 be is am are not 动词现在分词 ing 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 Is Are 主语 动词现在分词 ing 特殊疑问 特殊疑问 疑问词 be 主语 动词 ing 3 动词加 ing 的变化规则 1 一般情况下 直接加 ing 如 cook cooking 2 以不发音的 e 结尾 去 e 加 ing 如 make making taste tasting 3 如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母 双写末尾的辅音字母 再加 ing 如 run running stop stopping swim swimming 3 3 一般过去时态一般过去时态 一般过去时通常用 a moment ago just now yesterday last 等 1 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 常和表示过去的时间状语连用 一 般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢 2 Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化 am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was was not wasn t 精品文档 44欢迎下载 are 在一般过去时中变为 were were not weren t 带有 was 或 were 的句子 其否定 疑问的变化和 is am are 一样 即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not 一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首 3 行为动词的一般过去时变化 肯定句 Positive 动词过去式 I went shopping last night 否定句 Negative didn t 动词原形I didn t go shopping last night 一般疑问句 Yes No Did 动词原形 Did you go shopping last night 特殊疑问句 wh What did 动词原形 What did you do last night 4 动词过去式的变化 规则动词的变化 一般动词 edplanted watered climbed 以不发音的 e 结尾 dliked 辅音字母加 y 结尾 y iedstudy studied cry cried 重读闭音节单词 末尾只有一个辅音字母双写最后一个字 母 ed stop stopped plan planned 不规则动词的变化 原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式 sweepsweptteachtaughthave hadgowent keepkeptthink thoughtdo didfindfound sleepsleptbuy boughteat atesaysaid feelfeltdrink drankis am wastaketook readreadgive gaveare weremeanmeant putputsing sangdrivedrovemeetmet cutcutbegin beganspeakspokemakemade letletringrangwrite wroteseesaw flyflewrun ranride rodecomecame drawdrewsit sathearheardtelltold growgrewlearnlearned learntgetgotknowknew 5 特殊疑问句 疑问词 did 主语 动词原形 如 What did Jim do yesterday 疑问词当主语时 疑问词 动词过去式 如 Who went to home yesterday 4 4 一般将来时 一般将来时 概念 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算 计划或准备做某事 句中一般有以下时间状 语 tomorrow next day week month year soon the day after tomorrow 后天 等 精品文档 55欢迎下载 1 1 基本结构基本结构 主语 be is am are going to 动词原形 主语 will 动词原形 2 2 否定句 否定句 主语 be is am are not going to 动词原形 主语 will not won t 动词原形 例如 I m going to have a picnic this afternoon I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon 3 3 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 Is Are 主语 going to 动词原形 Will 主语 动词原形 例 We are going to go on an outing this weekend Are you going to go on an outing this weekend Yes we are No we aren t Will he go to Beijing next week Yes he will No he won t 4 4 对划线部分提问对划线部分提问 一般情况 一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况 1 问人 Who 例如 I m going to New York soon Who s going to New York soon 2 问干什么 What do 例如 My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon What is your father going to do with you this afternoon 3 问什么时候 When 例如 She s going to go to bed at nine When is she going to bed 5 5 同义句 同义句 be going to will I am going to go swimming tomorrow 明天 I will go swimming tomorrow 5 5 过去进行时 过去进行时 肯定句 肯定句 主语 助动词 be was were 动词现在分词 ing 其它 否定句 否定句 主语 助动词 be was were not 动词现在分词 ing 其它 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 Was Were 主语 动词现在分词 ing 其它 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 疑问词 was were 动词现在分词 ing 其它 用法 1 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作 往往有表示过去的时间状语 then at that time this time yesterday 等 或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作 即与 when while 引出的时 间状语从句连用 例 They were talking about a film at six yesterday evening 昨晚 6 点他们正在谈论一 部电影 What were you doing at this time last week 上周的这个时候你在干什么 When the teacher came in they were talking 老师进来时 他们在讲话 2 表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作 例 They were swimming from two to three yesterday afternoon 昨天下午 2 点到 3 点他 们在游泳 She was watching TV the whole morning 她整个上午在看电视 精品文档 66欢迎下载 3 表示过去将要发生的动作 例 He said he was leaving on Tuesday 他说他周二动身 Tom said he was going tomorrow 汤姆说他明天去 4 用过去进行时描写故事背景 例 It was getting dark The wind was rising 天渐渐黑了下来 风势增强了 The procession was going He was standing among the crowd looking on 队伍在前进 他站在人群中观看 6 6 现在完成时现在完成时 构成 肯定句肯定句 主语 助动词 have has 动词过去分词 ed 否定句 否定句 主语 助动词 have has not haven t hasn t 动词过去分词 ed 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 Have Has 主语 动词过去分词 ed 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 疑问词 have has 主语 动词过去分词 ed 用法 1 表示说话之前已完成的动作 而且这个动作的结果对现在是情况仍有影响 常被 just already yet 等副词修饰 Mr Wang has just come back from America 王先生刚从美国回来 2 现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在 常带有 for 或 since 等表示一 段时间的状语 如 Mr Wang has lived here since 1983 3 现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 常见终止性动词与延续性动词 或状态动词 的对应关系如下 come go arrive get reach move be in at open be open die be dead close be closed become be borrow keep put on wear buy have leave be away from begin start be on fall asleep be asleep end finish be over catch a cold have a cold join the army be in the army be a soldier join the Party be in the Party be a Party member 例 吉姆买这支已有两年了 Jim bought this pen two years ago Jim has had this pen for two years Jim has had this pen since two years ago Jim has had this pen since 2007 It is two years since Jim bought this pen 精品文档 77欢迎下载 4 在表示 最近几世纪 年 月以来 时间状语中 谓语动词用现在完成时 in the past few years months weeks days over the past few years during the last three months for the last few centuries through centuries throughout history 等 5 表示 第几次做某事 或在 It is the best worst most interesting 名词 that 后面跟现在完成时 例 This is my first time that I have visited China This is the most interesting film I have ever seen That is the only book that he has written 6 have has been to 地点 意为 曾去过某地 暗含目前已不在该地 仅表示当事人的 一种经历而已 have has gone to 地点 到了某地去了 暗含 已离开原地去了某地 之意 但是否 到达了某地尚不确定 如 He has gone to Shanghai 他去了上海 He has been to Shanghai 他去过了上海 7 7 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时 表示一个动作从过去某时开始 延续或重复地出现至今 或将继续延续至将来 常与表示一 段时间的状语 如 for two hours since early morning these few days 等连用 构成 构成 肯定句 肯定句 主语 助动词 have has been 动词现在分词 ing 否定句 否定句 主语 助动词 have has not been 动词现在分词 ing 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 Have Has 主语 been 动词现在分词 ing 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 疑问词 have has 主语 been 动词现在分词 ing 例 It has been raining for three hours We have been waiting here since an hour ago How long has it been raining 雨下多久了 She has been sitting there for more than 2 hours 他已经在那坐了两个小时了 We ve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently 最近我们常见面 He has been telephoning me several times in two days 这两天他打好几次电话给我 注意事项 注意事项 与现在完成时相比 现在完成进行时更强调 在从过去到现在的时间里 动作或状 态一直持续或一直反复出现 8 8 过去完成时过去完成时 构成 构成 肯定句 肯定句 主语 助动词 had 动词过去分词 ed 其它 否定句 否定句 主语 助动词 had not hadn t 动词过去分词 ed 其它 精品文档 88欢迎下载 一般疑问句一般疑问句 Had 主语 动词过去分词 ed 其它 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 疑问词 had 主语 动词过去分词 ed 其它 例 There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000 By the end of last term we had finished the book They finished earlier than we had expected 用法 1 表示在